Английская Википедия:2013 Portuguese local elections
The Portuguese local elections of 2013 took place on 29 September. The elections consisted of three types of elections in the 308 Portuguese municipalities, namely the elections for the Municipal Chambers, whose winners are elected mayors, the elections for the Municipal Assemblies, as well as the elections for the lower-level Parish Assemblies, whose winners are elected parish presidents. The latter were held separately in the more than 3,000 parishes around the country. The number of parishes had been reduced by over 1000 due to a local government reform undertaken by the Government led by Pedro Passos Coelho.
The process of submitting candidacies for these elections was marked by differences in the interpretation of the pertinent electoral law. This law prohibits a candidate, after having served for three terms, to run for Mayor, Municipal Assemblies or Parish Assemblies. But the law does not explicitly state whether it prohibits reelection only for the same municipality or parish, or for the same position in any municipality or parish. Candidates affected by this issue included Luís Filipe Menezes (PSD), running in Porto, and Fernando Seara (PSD/CDS–PP), who was standing in Lisbon.
This controversy ended on 5 September 2013 with the decision of the Constitutional Court allowing mayoral candidates that had already served three consecutive mandates to run for election in a different municipality.[1] With the term limit law, 52% of incumbent mayors, 160 to be precise, were barred from running for another term.[2]
The Socialist Party (PS) won the largest number of municipal chambers in its history surpassing its previous best result in 2009. It also won the largest number of mayorships of any party in the history of Portugal.[3] The PS also reconquered Coimbra and won in two large strongholds of the Social Democratic Party, Vila Real and Funchal.
The Social Democratic Party (PSD) was the biggest loser of these elections, as it lost almost a third of the municipalities that it had held. However, the PSD did gain several traditionally Socialist bastions like Braga and Guarda. The communist Democratic Unity Coalition won in the cities of Loures, Beja and Évora.
The election was also marked by the strong electoral performances of various independent groups, which won several chambers. The most significant was the victory of independent Rui Moreira in Porto, who was supported by CDS-PP. The Democratic Unity Coalition increased its number of municipal chambers as well as its number of councilors by winning several chambers previously held by the Socialists, including winning back their historical stronghold of Loures. However, despite increasing their overall number of mayors, they also lost three chambers they won in 2009 to the Socialists; Chamusca, Crato, and Nisa. In Chamusca they had held the mayorship since 1979.
The People's Party (CDS-PP) broke a cycle of decline in local elections and won five municipalities, four more than in 2009. The Left Bloc suffered a heavy defeat, losing the only chamber they had, and electing fewer councillors than in 2009.
The turnout in these elections was the lowest ever, with 52.6% of voters casting their ballot.
Parties
The main political forces that contested the election were:
- Left Bloc (BE)
- People's Party (CDS–PP) (only in some municipalities)1
- Democratic Unity Coalition (CDU)
- Socialist Party (PS)
- Social Democratic Party (PSD) (only in some municipalities)1
1 The PSD and the CDS–PP also formed coalitions in several municipalities with the Earth Party (MPT) and the People's Monarchist Party (PPM).
Opinion polling
Voter turnout
The table below shows voter turnout throughout election day.
Turnout | Time | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
12:00 | 16:00 | 19:00 | |||||||
2009 | 2013 | ± | 2009 | 2013 | ± | 2009 | 2013 | ± | |
Total | 21.23% | 19.44% | Шаблон:Decrease 1.79 pp | 45.30% | 43.43% | Шаблон:Decrease 1.87 pp | 59.03% | 52.60% | Шаблон:Decrease 6.43 pp |
Sources[4][5] |
Results
Municipal Councils
National summary of votes and seats
Шаблон:Election table |- ! rowspan="2" colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left|Parties ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Votes ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|% ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|±pp swing ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Candidacies ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|Councillors ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|Mayors |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|Total ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|± ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|Total ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|± |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |1,812,029||36.26||Шаблон:Decrease1.4||303||923||Шаблон:Increase2||149||Шаблон:Increase17 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |834,455||16.70||Шаблон:Decrease6.3||201||531||Шаблон:Decrease135||86||Шаблон:Decrease31 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |552,690||11.06||Шаблон:Increase1.3||288||213||Шаблон:Increase39||34||Шаблон:Increase6 |- |style="width: 10px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|Social Democratic / People's |379,110||7.59||Шаблон:Decrease2.1||73||154||Шаблон:Decrease3||16||Шаблон:Decrease3 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=gray align="center" | |align=left|Independents |344,531||6.89||Шаблон:Increase2.8||94||112||Шаблон:Increase45||13||Шаблон:Increase6 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |152,073||3.04||Шаблон:Decrease0.1||143||47||Шаблон:Increase16||5||Шаблон:Increase4 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |120,982||2.42||Шаблон:Decrease0.6||109||8||Шаблон:Decrease1||0||Шаблон:Decrease1 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / CDS–PP / MPT |100,437||2.01||Шаблон:Increase2.0||6||11||Шаблон:Increase2||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / CDS–PP / PPM |94,015||1.88||Шаблон:Increase0.1||4||21||Шаблон:Increase6||2||Шаблон:Increase1 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / PPM |65,102||1.30||—||7||21||—||1||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / PPM / MPT |43,312||0.87||—||7||7||—||0||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD/ CDS–PP / MPT / PPM |23,551||0.47||Шаблон:Decrease2.5||4||14||Шаблон:Decrease7||1||Шаблон:Steady0 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |23,276||0.47||Шаблон:Increase0.3||27||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF66FF align="center" | |align=left|PS / BE / PND / MPT / PTP / PAN |21,102||0.42||—||1||5||—||1||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / MPT / PPM |19,804||0.40||—||4||4||—||0||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |16,233||0.32||—||8||0||—||0||— |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#0093DD align="center" | |align=left|CDS–PP / MPT / PPM |9,299||0.19||—||7||1||—||0||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD/ CDS–PP / PPM / MPT |8,918||0.18||Шаблон:Decrease1.1||4||4||Шаблон:Decrease5||0||Шаблон:Decrease1 |- |style="width: 10px" bgcolor=#CC0033 align="center" | |align=left|Labour |8,552||0.17||—||22||0||—||0||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |6,660||0.13||Шаблон:Decrease0.1||8||2||Шаблон:Steady0||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#0093DD align="center" | |align=left|People's / Social Democratic |4,656||0.09||—||4||4||—||0||— |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#005FAD align="center" | |align=left|PPM / PND / PPV |3,634||0.07||—||1||0||—||0||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |3,002||0.06||Шаблон:Increase0.1||6||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#0093DD align="center" | |align=left|People's / Earth |2,931||0.06||Шаблон:Increase0.1||3||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF66FF align="center" | |align=left|PS / PTP / PND / BE |2,157||0.04||—||1||1||—||0||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|Social Democratic / Earth |1,897||0.04||—||2||3||—||0||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |1,272||0.03||Шаблон:Decrease0.1||1||0||Шаблон:Decrease1||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#005FAD align="center" | |align=left|People's Monarchist / PPV |856||0.02||—||1||0||—||0||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |455||0.01||Шаблон:Decrease0.0||1||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 10px" bgcolor=#000080 align="center" | |align=left|Portugal Pro-Life |338||0.01||—||1||0||—||0||— |- |colspan=2 align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total valid |width="65" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|4,657,329 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|93.18 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Decrease3.8 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|— |width="45" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|2,086 |width="45" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Increase8 |width="45" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|308 |width="45" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Steady0 |- |colspan=2|Blank ballots |193,471||3.87||Шаблон:Increase2.2||colspan=5 rowspan=4| |- |colspan=2|Invalid ballots |147,205||2.95||Шаблон:Increase1.7 |- |colspan=2 align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total |width="65" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|4,998,005 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|100.00 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| |- |colspan=2|Registered voters/turnout ||9,501,103||52.60||Шаблон:Decrease6.4 |- | colspan=11 align=left | Source: Autárquicas 2013 Resultados Oficiais |}
Municipality map
City control
The following table lists party control in all district capitals, as well as in municipalities above 100,000 inhabitants. Population estimates from 2013.[6]
Municipal Assemblies
National summary of votes and seats
Шаблон:Election table |- ! rowspan="2" colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left|Parties ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Votes ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|% ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|±pp swing ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Candidacies ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|Mandates |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|Total ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|± |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |1,746,819||34.95||Шаблон:Decrease1.7||||2,659||Шаблон:Decrease196 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |813,835||16.28||Шаблон:Decrease5.9||||1,588||Шаблон:Decrease536 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |599,029||11.98||Шаблон:Increase1.4||||747||Шаблон:Increase96 |- |style="width: 10px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|Social Democratic / People's |376,056||7.52||Шаблон:Decrease1.8||||493||Шаблон:Decrease29 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=gray align="center" | |align=left|Independents |325,724||6.52||Шаблон:Increase2.8||||352||Шаблон:Increase128 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |159,921||3.20||Шаблон:Decrease0.3||||224||Шаблон:Decrease29 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |157,686||3.15||Шаблон:Decrease1.0||||100||Шаблон:Decrease39 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / CDS–PP / MPT |106,725||2.14||Шаблон:Increase2.1||||42||Шаблон:Increase36 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / CDS–PP / PPM |88,393||1.77||Шаблон:Decrease0.0||||72||Шаблон:Increase12 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / PPM |60,873||1.22||—||||57||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / PPM / MPT |41,307||0.83||—||||18||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |23,776||0.48||—||||5||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD/ CDS–PP / MPT / PPM |22,420||0.45||Шаблон:Decrease2.5||||37||Шаблон:Decrease28 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF66FF align="center" | |align=left|PS / BE / PND / MPT / PTP / PAN |20,849||0.42||—||||14||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / MPT / PPM |19,850||0.40||—||||11||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |15,393||0.31||Шаблон:Increase0.2||||2||Шаблон:Increase2 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#0093DD align="center" | |align=left|CDS–PP / MPT / PPM |9,949||0.20||—||||9||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD/ CDS–PP / PPM / MPT |8,886||0.18||Шаблон:Decrease1.0||||10||Шаблон:Decrease12 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |5,525||0.11||Шаблон:Decrease0.1||||11||Шаблон:Decrease3 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#0093DD align="center" | |align=left|People's / Social Democratic |4,647||0.09||—||||17||— |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#005FAD align="center" | |align=left|PPM / PND / PPV |4,451||0.09||—||||0||— |- |style="width: 10px" bgcolor=#CC0033 align="center" | |align=left|Labour |4,102||0.08||—||||3||— |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#0093DD align="center" | |align=left|People's / Earth |3,384||0.07||Шаблон:Increase0.1||||3||Шаблон:Increase3 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |3,247||0.06||Шаблон:Increase0.1||||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF66FF align="center" | |align=left|PS / PTP / PND / BE |2,101||0.04||—||||3||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|Social Democratic / Earth |2,008||0.04||—||||8||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |1,505||0.03||Шаблон:Decrease0.1||||0||Шаблон:Decrease5 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#005FAD align="center" | |align=left|People's Monarchist / PPV |1,046||0.02||—||||0||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |445||0.01||Шаблон:Decrease0.0||||2||Шаблон:Decrease3 |- |colspan=2 align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total valid |width="65" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|4,629,952 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|92.63 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Decrease4.1 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|— |width="45" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|6,487 |width="45" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Decrease459 |- |colspan=2|Blank ballots |215,489||4.31||Шаблон:Increase2.3||colspan=6 rowspan=4| |- |colspan=2|Invalid ballots |153,068||3.06||Шаблон:Increase1.8 |- |colspan=2 align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total |width="65" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|4,998,509 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|100.00 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| |- |colspan=2|Registered voters/turnout ||9,501,103||52.61||Шаблон:Decrease6.4 |- | colspan=11 align=left | Source: Autárquicas 2013 Resultados Oficiais |}
Parish Assemblies
National summary of votes and seats
Шаблон:Election table |- ! rowspan="2" colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left|Parties ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Votes ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|% ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|±pp swing ! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Candidacies ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|Mandates ! colspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|Presidents |- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|Total ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|± ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|Total ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center"|± |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |1,733,687||34.69||Шаблон:Decrease1.6||||10,838||Шаблон:Decrease2,898||1,282||Шаблон:Decrease295 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |815,086||16.31||Шаблон:Decrease6.1||||6,927||Шаблон:Decrease4,186||912||Шаблон:Decrease618 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |596,324||11.93||Шаблон:Increase1.0||||1,973||Шаблон:Decrease293||170||Шаблон:Decrease43 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=gray align="center" | |align=left|Independents |478,273||9.57||Шаблон:Increase3.5||||2,978||Шаблон:Increase305||342||Шаблон:Increase10 |- |style="width: 10px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|Social Democratic / People's |363,145||7.27||Шаблон:Decrease1.9||||2,096||Шаблон:Decrease815||222||Шаблон:Decrease90 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |139,304||2.79||Шаблон:Increase0.5||||725||Шаблон:Increase33||50||Шаблон:Decrease3 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |115,191||2.30||Шаблон:Decrease0.7||||138||Шаблон:Decrease97||0||Шаблон:Decrease4 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / CDS–PP / MPT |111,571||2.23||Шаблон:Increase2.2||||322||Шаблон:Increase293||18||Шаблон:Increase16 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / CDS–PP / PPM |81,096||1.62||Шаблон:Decrease0.2||||453||Шаблон:Increase48||44||Шаблон:Increase8 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / PPM |55,186||1.10||—||||251||—||21||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / PPM / MPT |44,661||0.89||—||||91||—||6||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD / MPT / PPM |19,908||0.40||—||||39||—||2||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD/ CDS–PP / MPT / PPM |19,397||0.39||Шаблон:Decrease2.5||||88||Шаблон:Decrease296||3||Шаблон:Decrease28 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF66FF align="center" | |align=left|PS / BE / PND / MPT / PTP / PAN |18,967||0.38||—||||53||—||5||— |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#0093DD align="center" | |align=left|CDS–PP / MPT / PPM |8,966||0.18||—||||12||—||0||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|PSD/ CDS–PP / PPM / MPT |8,344||0.17||Шаблон:Decrease0.9||||44||Шаблон:Decrease124||2||Шаблон:Decrease13 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |8,003||0.16||Шаблон:Increase0.1||||2||Шаблон:Increase2||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#005FAD align="center" | |align=left|PPM / PND / PPV |4,729||0.09||—||||0||—||0||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |4,569||0.09||Шаблон:Decrease0.1||||18||Шаблон:Decrease29||0||Шаблон:Decrease2 |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#0093DD align="center" | |align=left|People's / Social Democratic |4,303||0.09||—||||63||—||5||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |4,001||0.08||—||||1||—||0||— |- |style="width: 10px" bgcolor=#CC0033 align="center" | |align=left|Labour |2,681||0.05||—||||1||—||0||— |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |2,670||0.05||Шаблон:Increase0.1||||5||Шаблон:Increase2||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF9900 align="center" | |align=left|Social Democratic / Earth |2,123||0.04||—||||27||—||1||— |- |style="width: 9px" bgcolor=#FF66FF align="center" | |align=left|PS / PTP / PND / BE |2,085||0.04||—||||7||—||0||— |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#0093DD align="center" | |align=left|People's / Earth |1,610||0.03||Шаблон:Increase0.0||||4||Шаблон:Increase1||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |716||0.01||Шаблон:Increase0.0||||0||Шаблон:Steady0||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- | Шаблон:Party name with colour |549||0.01||Шаблон:Steady0.0||||11||Шаблон:Increase8||0||Шаблон:Steady0 |- |style="width: 10px" bgcolor=red align="center" | |align=left|Communist |57||0.00||—||||0||—||0||— |- |style="width: 8px" bgcolor=#005FAD align="center" | |align=left|People's Monarchist / PPV |47||0.00||—||||0||—||0||— |- |colspan=2 align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total valid |width="65" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|4,647,249 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|92.99 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Decrease3.4 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|— |width="45" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|27,167 |width="45" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Decrease7,505 |width="45" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|3,085 |width="45" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Шаблон:Decrease1,022 |- |colspan=2|Blank ballots |194,978||3.90||Шаблон:Increase1.8||colspan=5 rowspan=4| |- |colspan=2|Invalid ballots |155,271||3.11||Шаблон:Increase1.6 |- |colspan=2 align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total |width="65" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|4,997,498 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|100.00 |width="40" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"| |- |colspan=2|Registered voters/turnout ||9,500,202||52.60||Шаблон:Decrease6.4 |- | colspan=11 align=left | Source: Autárquicas 2013 Resultados Oficiais |}
See also
References
External links
- Official site Autárquicas 2013
- Official results site, Portuguese Justice Ministry
- Portuguese Electoral Commission
- ERC - Official publication of polls
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ New relationship of trust between Portuguese people and PS, says Seguro. Expresso (in Portuguese.) Retrieved 30 September 2013.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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