Английская Википедия:2014 Vancouver municipal election

The 2014 Vancouver municipal election took place on November 15, 2014, the same day as other municipalities and regional districts in British Columbia selected their new municipal governments. As with previous elections, voters elected one mayor, 10 councillors, nine school board trustees, and seven park board commissioners through plurality-at-large voting. Voters also voted on whether to approve a capital budget.

Outcome

Incumbent Mayor Gregor Robertson sought re-election with the Vision Vancouver Party,^[1] which swept the 2011 election when it elected him and all of the party's city council, park board and school board candidates. In this election, Robertson was re-elected as mayor; however, Vision representation decreased with only six councillors, four school trustees, and one park board commissioner elected. In total, ten Vision candidates were not elected, including five incumbent candidates: one councillor, three school trustees, and one park board commissioner.

The Non-Partisan Association (NPA) came into the election as the second largest party in Vancouver, with two city councillors, two park board commissioners, and one school trustee. Their mayoral candidate was journalist Kirk LaPointe who lost to Robertson in the mayoral race by 10,086 votes. The NPA team gained ground electing three councillors, four park board commissioners, and four school trustees.

The Vancouver Green Party sought to improve on its 2011 results which saw the first-ever Green Party city councillor, Adriane Carr, elected. Carr was re-elected as councillor and was actually the councillor elected with the most votes at 74,077. Additionally, two park board commissioners and one school board trustee were elected, giving the Green Party of Vancouver its best result in the history of Vancouver municipal elections.

The Coalition of Progressive Electors (COPE), which officially cut ties with former ally Vision Vancouver in 2012, lost its only elected official when school trustee Allan Wong switched from COPE to Vision Vancouver on December 8, 2013, ending decades of COPE representation in the city. COPE contested this election with its first mayoral candidate since 2002, community organizer and former NDP candidate Meena Wong. The party also had candidates for every council seat.^[2] Wong placed third in the mayoral race, and no COPE candidates were elected.

New Party Vancouver 1st ran a slate of candidates for all offices. These included Olympic bronze medal winning swimmer Brent Hayden as a park board commissioner candidate, and two incumbent school board trustees Ken Denike, and Sophia Woo, who had been expelled from the NPA in June. However, no candidates from Vancouver 1st were elected.

Nominations for the 2014 vote opened on September 30, 2014, and closed on October 10, 2014.^[3] Vancouver uses an at-large election system for all elected positions; the ten candidates with most citywide votes are elected as councillors.^[4]

Just before 8:00 P.M. on election day, voting hours were extended by 45 minutes at four locations because of ballot shortages earlier in the day due to high voter turnout.^[5]

Political parties

This is a list of political parties who ran candidates in the 2014 election:

Party		Leader	Political position	Notes
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	Gregor Robertson	Centre-left	Vision Vancouver's leadership review on May 4, 2014, resulted in the nomination of incumbent candidates who ran for re-election for the offices they had held, including Mayor Gregor Robertson who had a 99% approval rating from members. On June 22, 2014, Vision Vancouver held a nomination meeting for candidates to fill one school trustee and four park commissioner seats.^[6] Two park board candidates dropped out of the race, but a full slate of candidates was announced on September 10, 2014.^[7]
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	Kirk LaPointe	Centre-right	NPA announced on July 14, 2014, that the party's mayoral candidate would be journalist Kirk LaPointe.^[8]
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Green Party of Vancouver	Adriane Carr (de facto)	Centre-left, green politics	On March 31, 2014, the Green Party of Vancouver announced its candidates for City Council, school board and park board.^[9]
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	Meena Wong	Left	COPE announced its candidates following an open Nominations Conference on September 7, 2014. One council candidate and an additional park board candidate were ratified by the party's Indigenous Equity Caucus at a later date.^[10]
	Cedar Party	Glen Chernen		The Vancouver Cedar Party, launched in November 2012, believed in strong community roots.^[11]
	Hotel Workers United – Local 40	Ferdinad Ramos
	Independent Democratic Electors Alliance	Jamie Lee Hamilton
	OneCity Vancouver	RJ Aquino	Centre-Left, urbanism	OneCity was a new Vancouver political party launched in May 2014 with the intention of fielding candidates for the November 2014 Municipal Election.^[12]
	Public Education Project	Jane Bouey		The Public Education Project believed public education is a cornerstone of a democratic society. They wanted education, and the well-being of children and youth, to be given priority attention in the election.^[13]
	Stop Party	Meynard Aubichon
	Vancouver 1st	Jesse Johl	Conservative libertarianism	Vancouver 1st was committed to bringing accountable, democratic and transparent government. Vancouver 1st was relying on grassroots support.^[14]

Candidates and results

The nomination period officially opened on September 30, 2014, and closed on October 10, 2014.^[15]

(I) denotes incumbents.

Mayor

Ten candidates sought election to the position of mayor; four were affiliated with a political party and six were independents. Incumbent mayor Gregor Robertson of Vision Vancouver was re-elected for a third straight term.

Candidate Name		Party affiliation	Votes	% of votes	Elected
(I) Gregor Robertson	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	83,529	45.97%	X
Kirk LaPointe	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	73,443	40.42%
Meena Wong	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	16,791	9.24%
Bob Kasting		Independent	1,682	0.93%
Mike Hansen		Independent	714	0.39%
Jeff Hill		Independent	611	0.34%
Tim Ly		Independent	556	0.31%
Meynard Aubichon		Stop Party	508	0.28%
Cherryse Kaur Kaiser		Independent	492	0.27%
Colin Shandler		Independent	459	0.25%

City councillors

Ten councillors were elected from forty-nine candidates. Of the candidates, thirty-nine were affiliated with a political party; ten were independent. All ten incumbent councillors sought re-election: seven from Vision Vancouver, two from the NPA, and one from the Green Party. NPA candidate Melissa De Genova and Vision candidate Niki Sharma were both sitting Park Board commissioners from their respective parties. Of the ten elected councillors, six were from Vision, three were from the NPA, and one was from the Green Party.

Candidate Name		Party Affiliation	Votes	% of votes	Elected
(I) Adriane Carr	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Green Party of Vancouver	74,077	40.77%	X
(I) George Affleck	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	68,419	37.65%	X
(I) Elizabeth Ball	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	67,195	36.98%	X
Melissa De Genova	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	63,134	34.74%	X
(I) Heather Deal	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	62,698	34.51%	X
(I) Kerry Jang	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	62,595	34.45%	X
(I) Andrea Reimer	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	62,316	34.29%	X
(I) Raymond Louie	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	61,903	34.07%	X
(I) Tim Stevenson	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	57,640	31.72%	X
(I) Geoff Meggs	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	56,831	31.28%	X
Ian Robertson	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	56,319	30.99%
Gregory Baker	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	55,721	30.67%
Suzanne Scott	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	55,486	30.54%
Ken Low	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	54,971	30.25%
Rob McDowell	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	53,596	29.50%
(I) Tony Tang	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	49,414	27.19%
Niki Sharma	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	48,987	26.96%
Cleta Brown	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Green Party of Vancouver	47,564	26.18%
Pete Fry	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Green Party of Vancouver	46,522	25.60%
Lisa Barrett	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	35,234	19.39%
Tim Louis	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	31,650	17.42%
RJ Aquino		OneCity Vancouver	30,050	16.54%
Gayle Gavin	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	25,547	14.06%
Jennifer O'Keefee	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	23,121	12.72%
Sid Chow Tan	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	20,948	11.53%
Audrey "sχɬemtəna:t" Siegl	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	19,258	10.60%
Keith Higgins	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	18,219	10.02%
Mercedes Wong		Vancouver 1st	17,493	9.62%
Wilson Munoz	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	13,756	7.57%
Glen Chernen		Cedar Party	9,577	5.27%
Federico Fuoco		Vancouver 1st	9,041	4.98%
Nicholas Chernen		Cedar Party	8,724	4.80%
Lena Ling		Independent	8,197	4.51%
Ferdinad Ramos		Hotel Workers United – Local 40	7,986	4.39%
Jesse Johl		Vancouver 1st	7,953	4.38%
Charlene Gunn		Cedar Party	6,512	3.58%
Elena Murgoci		Vancouver 1st	6,140	3.38%
David Angus		Independent	5,895	3.24%
Jeremy Gustafson		Cedar Party	5,098	2.81%
Grant Fraser		Independent	5,096	2.80%
Milan Kljajic		Vancouver 1st	4,881	2.69%
Anthony Guitar		Independent	4,375	2.41%
Kelly Alm		Independent	4,038	2.22%
Rick Orser		Independent Democratic Electors Alliance	3,548	1.95%
Marc Boyer		Independent	3,329	1.83%
Rajiv Pandey		Independent	3,229	1.78%
Cord Ted Copeland		Independent	3,202	1.76%
Abraham Deocera		Independent	3,160	1.74%
Ludvik Skalicky		Independent	1,797	0.99%

Park Board commissioners

Seven commissioners were elected from thirty-one candidates. Of the candidates, twenty-five were affiliated with a political party; six were independent. Two incumbent commissioners sought re-election: one from Vision Vancouver and one from the NPA. Of the elected commissioners, four were from the NPA, two were from the Green Party, and one was from Vision Vancouver.

Candidate name		Party affiliation	Votes	% of votes	Elected
Catherine Evans	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	64,707	35.61%	X
(I) John Coupar	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	62,970	34.65%	X
Casey Crawford	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	59,882	32.96%	X
Sarah Kirby-Yung	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	56,828	31.27%	X
Erin Shum	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	56,762	31.24%	X
Stuart Mackinnon	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Green Party of Vancouver	56,406	31.04%	X
Michael Wiebe	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Green Party of Vancouver	55,607	30.60%	X
Brent Granby	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	54,215	29.84%
(I) Trevor Loke	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	54,199	29.83%
Naveen Girn	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	51,659	28.43%
Jay Jagpal	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	48,909	26.92%
Coree Tull	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	46,672	25.69%
Stéphane Mouttet	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	46,337	25.50%
Sammie Jo Rumbaua	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	42,863	23.59%
Anita Romaniuk	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	33,690	18.54%
Ezra Bloom	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	28,217	15.53%
Cease Wyss	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	21,249	11.69%
Urooba Jamal	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	18,722	10.30%
Richard Wong		Vancouver 1st	18,655	10.27%
Imtiaz Popat	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	17,023	9.37%
Brent Hayden		Vancouver 1st	15,599	8.86%
Jamie Lee Hamilton		Independent Democratic Electors Alliance	14,471	7.96%
Jenny De Castris		Independent	10,672	5.87%
Massimo Rossetti		Vancouver 1st	9,729	5.35%
Yogi Johl		Vancouver 1st	9,100	5.01%
Eleanor Hadley		Independent	8,072	4.44%
Roland Clarke		Independent	7,545	4.15%
Earl Sunshine		Independent	6,308	3.47%
Doug Starink		Vancouver 1st	6,275	3.45%
James Buckshon		Independent	5,591	3.08%
Matt Kadioglu		Independent	2,719	1.50%

School Board trustees

Nine school board trustees were elected out of twenty-eight candidates. Of the candidates, twenty-three were affiliated with a political party, and five were independent. All nine incumbent trustees sought re-election: six from Vision Vancouver (including Allan Wong, who was elected in 2011 as part of COPE, but crossed the floor to Vision Vancouver in 2013),^[16] one from the NPA, and two ex-NPA trustees: Ken Denike, and Sophia Woo, who were running for new party Vancouver 1st after being expelled by the NPA in June 2014.^[17] Vision and the NPA each had four candidates elected, while the Green Party had one.

Candidate name		Party affiliation	Votes	% of votes	Elected
(I) Patti Bacchus	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	73,551	40.48%	X
Joy Alexander	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	68,264	37.57%	X
(I) Fraser Ballantyne	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	65,659	36.13%	X
(I) Allan Wong	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	65,342	35.97%	X
(I) Mike Lombardi	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	61,523	33.86%	X
Penny Noble	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	60,964	33.55%	X
Janet Fraser	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Green Party of Vancouver	59,218	32.59%	X
Stacy Robertson	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	58,314	32.09%	X
Christopher Richardson	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	58,081	31.96%	X
(I) Ken Clement	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	57,826	31.82%
(I) Cherie Payne	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	55,652	30.63%
Sandy Sharma	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	54,063	29.75%
(I) Rob Wynen	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	52,288	28.78%
Mischa Oak	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Green Party of Vancouver	48,539	26.71%
Jane Bouey		Public Education Project	41,757	22.99%
Diana Day	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	39,068	21.50%
Gwen Giesbrecht		Public Education Project	35,064	19.30%
(I) Sophia Woo		Vancouver 1st	35,011	19.27%
(I) Ken Denike		Vancouver 1st	31,545	17.36%
Ilana Shecter	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	25,538	14.05%
Ralph Fraatz	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	23,077	12.70%
Heidi Nagtegaal	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	22,126	12.18%
Nanjalah Kombii	style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	20,703	11.39%
Susan Bhatha		Vancouver 1st	16,345	9.00%
T "Mrs. Doubtfire" Dodds		Independent	9,067	4.99%
Bang Nguyen		Independent	9,025	4.97%
Larry Falls		Independent	8,890	4.89%
Raj Gupta		Independent	8,281	4.56%
Amin Jivraj		Independent	4,555	2.51%

Capital plan questions

The proposed budget for 2015–2018 was $1.085 billion, of which $235 million would be borrowed, requiring electoral approval.^[18]

Voters were asked the following three questions:

1. Are you in favour of Council having the authority, without further assent of the electors, to pass bylaws between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, to borrow an aggregate $58,200,000 for the following purposes?

Parks at $17,950,000
Recreational and exhibition facilities at $40,250,000

Option	Votes	Percentage
Yes	108,382	66.88%
No	53,692	33.12%
Total votes	162,074	100%

2. Are you in favour of Council having the authority, without further assent of the electors, to pass bylaws between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, to borrow an aggregate $95,700,000 for the following purposes?

Public safety facilities at $22,250,000
Street and bridge infrastructure at $56,450,000
Street lighting, traffic signals, and communications systems at $17,000,000

Option	Votes	Percentage
Yes	128,287	74.42%
No	44,088	25.58%
Total votes	172,375	100%

3. Are you in favour of Council having the authority, without further assent of the electors, to pass bylaws between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, to borrow an aggregate $81,100,000 for the following purposes?

Community facilities at $59,750,000
Civic facilities and infrastructure at $21,350,000

Option	Votes	Percentage
Yes	110,378	68.13%
No	51,628	31.87%
Total votes	162,006	100%

Voter and party statistics

Voter turnout

Of the 411,741 registered voters, there were 181,707 recorded ballots, putting the voter turnout at 44.13%.^[19] This was an increase from the 34.57% turnout during the previous municipal election in 2011.

Elected percentage by party

	Party	Mayor		Councillors		Park Board commissioners		School Board trustees		Total candidates
	Party	# Elected	% Elected	# Elected	% Elected	# Elected	% Elected	# Elected	% Elected	# Elected	% Elected
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Green Party of Vancouver	NIL	N/A	1/3	33.3%	2/2	100.0%	1/2	50.0%	4/7	57.1%
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	0/1	0.0%	3/8	37.5%	4/6	66.7%	4/5	80.0%	11/20	55.0%
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	1/1	100.0%	6/8	75.0%	1/6	16.7%	4/7	57.1%	12/22	54.5%
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	0/1	0.0%	0/8	0.0%	0/5	0.0%	0/5	0.0%	0/19	0.0%
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vancouver 1st	NIL	N/A	0/5	0.0%	0/5	0.0%	0/3	0.0%	0/13	0.0%
	Cedar Party	NIL	N/A	0/4	0.0%	NIL	N/A	NIL	N/A	0/4	0.0%
	Independent Democratic Electoral Alliance	NIL	N/A	0/1	0.0%	0/1	0.0%	NIL	N/A	0/2	0.0%
	Public Education Project	NIL	N/A	NIL	N/A	NIL	N/A	0/2	0.0%	0/2	0.0%
	Stop Party	0/1	0.0%	NIL	N/A	NIL	N/A	NIL	N/A	0/1	0.0%
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	OneCity Vancouver	NIL	N/A	0/1	0.0%	NIL	N/A	NIL	N/A	0/1	0.0%
	Hotel Workers United – Local 40	NIL	N/A	0/1	0.0%	NIL	N/A	NIL	N/A	0/1	0.0%
	Independent	0/6	0.0%	0/10	0.0%	0/6	0.0%	0/5	0.0%	0/27	0.0%

Seat changes by party

	Party	Mayor & Councillors				Park Board commissioners				School Board trustees				Total elected
	Party	2011	2014	% Change	% Seats	2011	2014	% Change	% Seats	2011	2014	% Change	% Seats	2011	2014	% Change	% Seats
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Vision Vancouver	8	7	-12.50%	63.64%	5	1	-80.00%	14.29%	5	4	-20.00%	44.44%	18	12	-33.33%	44.44%
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Non-Partisan Association	2	3	+50.00%	27.27%	2	4	+100.00%	57.14%	3	4	+33.33%	44.44%	7	11	+57.14%	40.74%
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Green Party of Vancouver	1	1	±0.00%	9.09%	0	2	N/A	28.57%	0	1	N/A	11.11%	1	4	+300.00%	14.81%
style="background:Шаблон:Canadian party colour;"\|	Coalition of Progressive Electors	0	0	±0.00%	0.00%	0	0	±0.00%	0.00%	1	0	-100.00%	0.00%	1	0	-100.00%	0.00%

Opinion polls

Шаблон:Graph:Chart

Mayoral candidates
Polling firm	Date of polling	Robertson	LaPointe	Wong	Others	Шаблон:Abbr
Insights West	November 12, 2014	46%	41%	9%	4%	^[20]
Insights West	November 10, 2014	47%	43%	9%	–	^[21]
Justason Market Intelligence	November 3, 2014	46%	32%	16%	–	^[22]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Vancouver, British Columbia municipal elections

↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ City of Vancouver, "Run for office in Vancouver," vancouver.ca, Modified July 18, 2014.
↑ BC Local Government Act
↑ City of Vancouver website:"Voting hours extended at 4 out of 117 voting locations"
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ "COPE slate for Vancouver election includes Meena Wong, eight council candidates." Georgia Straight, September 7, 2014.
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ Шаблон:Cite web
↑ City of Vancouver Capital Plan
↑ Vancouver Municipal Elections 2014 etails Шаблон:Webarchive CivicInfo BC. Retrieved November 17, 2014
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news
↑ Шаблон:Cite news

[1] Шаблон:Cite web

[2] Шаблон:Cite web

[3] City of Vancouver, "Run for office in Vancouver," vancouver.ca, Modified July 18, 2014.

[4] BC Local Government Act

[5] City of Vancouver website:"Voting hours extended at 4 out of 117 voting locations"

[6] Шаблон:Cite web

[7] Шаблон:Cite web

[lapointe-8] Шаблон:Cite news

[9] Шаблон:Cite web

[10] "COPE slate for Vancouver election includes Meena Wong, eight council candidates." Georgia Straight, September 7, 2014.

[11] Шаблон:Cite web

[12] Шаблон:Cite web

[13] Шаблон:Cite web

[14] Шаблон:Cite web

[15] Шаблон:Cite web

[16] Шаблон:Cite web

[17] Шаблон:Cite web

[18] City of Vancouver Capital Plan

[19] Vancouver Municipal Elections 2014 etails Шаблон:Webarchive CivicInfo BC. Retrieved November 17, 2014

[20] Шаблон:Cite news

[21] Шаблон:Cite news

[22] Шаблон:Cite news

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Магазины	AliExpress — глобальная виртуальная (в Интернете) торговая площадка, предоставляющая возможность покупать товары производителей из КНР; computeruniverse.net - Интернет-магазин компьютеров(Промо код 5 Евро на первую покупку:FWWC3ZKQ);
Хостинг	DigitalOcean - американский провайдер облачных инфраструктур, с главным офисом в Нью-Йорке и с центрами обработки данных по всему миру;
Разное	Викиум - Онлайн-тренажер для мозга Like Центр - Центр поддержки и развития предпринимательства. Gamersbay - лучший магазин по бустингу для World of Warcraft. Ноотропы OmniMind N°1 - Усиливает мозговую активность. Повышает мотивацию. Улучшает память. Санкт-Петербургская школа телевидения - это федеральная сеть образовательных центров, которая имеет филиалы в 37 городах России. Lingualeo.com — интерактивный онлайн-сервис для изучения и практики английского языка в увлекательной игровой форме. Junyschool (Джунискул) – международная школа программирования и дизайна для детей и подростков от 5 до 17 лет, где ученики осваивают компьютерную грамотность, развивают алгоритмическое и креативное мышление, изучают основы программирования и компьютерной графики, создают собственные проекты: игры, сайты, программы, приложения, анимации, 3D-модели, монтируют видео. Умназия - Интерактивные онлайн-курсы и тренажеры для развития мышления детей 6-13 лет SkillBox - это один из лидеров российского рынка онлайн-образования. Среди партнеров Skillbox ведущий разработчик сервисного дизайна AIC, медиа-компания Yoola, первое и самое крупное русскоязычное аналитическое агентство Tagline, онлайн-школа дизайна и иллюстрации Bang! Bang! Education, оператор PR-рынка PACO, студия рисования Draw&Go, агентство performance-маркетинга Ingate, scrum-студия Sibirix, имидж-лаборатория Персона. «Нетология» — это университет по подготовке и дополнительному обучению специалистов в области интернет-маркетинга, управления проектами и продуктами, дизайна, Data Science и разработки. В рамках Нетологии студенты получают ценные теоретические знания от лучших экспертов Рунета, выполняют практические задания на отработку полученных навыков, общаются с экспертами и единомышленниками. Познакомиться со всеми продуктами подробнее можно на сайте https://netology.ru, линейка курсов и профессий постоянно обновляется. StudyBay Brazil – это онлайн биржа для португалоговорящих студентов и авторов! Студент получает уникальную работу любого уровня сложности и больше свободного времени, в то время как у автора появляется дополнительный заработок и бесценный опыт. Автор24 — самая большая в России площадка по написанию учебных работ: контрольные и курсовые работы, дипломы, рефераты, решение задач, отчеты по практике, а так же любой другой вид работы. Сервис сотрудничает с более 70 000 авторов. Более 1 000 000 работ уже выполнено. StudyBay – это онлайн биржа для англоязычных студентов и авторов! Студент получает уникальную работу любого уровня сложности и больше свободного времени, в то время как у автора появляется дополнительный заработок и бесценный опыт.