Английская Википедия:2 Chronicles 4

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Bible chapter 2 Chronicles 4 is the fourth chapter of the Second Book of Chronicles the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or of the second part of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in late fifth or fourth century BCE.Шаблон:Sfn This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingship of Solomon (2 Chronicles 1 to 9).Шаблон:Sfn The focus of this chapter is the construction of the temple's interior decoration.Шаблон:Sfn

Text

This chapter was originally written in the Hebrew language and is divided into 22 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text, which includes the Aleppo Codex (10th century) and Codex Leningradensis (1008.Шаблон:Sfn

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>B; 4th century), and Codex Alexandrinus (A; <math> \mathfrak{G}</math>A; 5th century).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn

Old Testament references

Шаблон:Anchor The bronze altar and molten sea (4:1–5)

This section records the construction of the bronze altar (verse 1; cf. 1 Kings 8:64; 2 Kings 16:14–15; 2 Chronicles 1:5; Ezekiel 43:13–17) and the molten sea (verses 2–5; cf. 1 Kings 7:23–26).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The altar was a formidable object, probably made of wood and covered with bronze, with the measures probably referring to the base.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Verse 1

Then he made a bronze altar that was twenty cubits long, twenty cubits wide, and ten cubits high.[2]

Verse 2

Файл:Brazen Sea of soloman From Jewish Encyclopedia.jpg
An artist's rendition of the Molten Sea (or Brazen Sea) of Solomon, published in the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia.
Файл:Holman Molten Sea.jpg
Molten Sea illustration in the Holman Bible, 1890

Шаблон:See also

Also he made a molten sea of ten cubits from brim to brim, round in compass, and five cubits the height thereof; and a line of thirty cubits did compass it round about.[5]
  • Cross reference: 1 Kings 7:23
  • "5 cubits": a length measurement of about 7½ feet or 2.3 meters.[6]
  • "30 cubits": about 45 feet or 14 meters.[7]

The approximation of the mathematical constant [[Pi|"Шаблон:Pi" ("pi")]], defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, can apparently be calculated from this verse as 30 cubits divided by 10 cubits to yield "3". However, Matityahu Hacohen Munk observed that the spelling for "line" in Hebrew, normally written as Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Strong-number, in Шаблон:Bibleref2 is written (ketiv) as Шаблон:Lang Шаблон:Strong-number. Using gematria, qaweh yields "111" whereas qaw yields "106", so when used in calculation <math>\frac{30}{10} * \frac {111}Шаблон:106</math> it results in Шаблон:Pi = "3.1415094", very close to the modern definition of "3.1415926".[8][9] Charles Ryrie gives another explanation based on verse 5 (cf. 1 Kings 7:26) that the molten sea has a brim of a handbreadth (about 4 inches or 10 cm) wide, so when the inside diameter, subtracting 10 cubits (about 180 inches or 4.6 meter; from outer "brim to brim") with 2 times 4 inches (two handbreadth) to yield 172 inches (4.4 meter), is divided by Шаблон:Pi, it results in 540 inches (45 feet or 14 meter or 30 cubits) which is the circumference given in this verse.[10]

Verse 5

And the thickness of it was an handbreadth, and the brim of it like the work of the brim of a cup, with flowers of lilies; and it received and held three thousand baths.[11]
  • "Handbreadth": a measurement of length of about 3 inches or 7.5 centimeters.[12][13]
  • "Bath"": a measurement of volume of about 6 gallons or 22 liters,[14] so "3000 baths" would have been about 18,000 gallons, or 66,000 liters.[15]

Шаблон:Anchor The temple's interior (4:6–22)

Verse 10–22 closely parallel 1 Kings 7:39–50 except for the omission of materials in 1 Kings 7:27–37.Шаблон:Sfn 1 Kings 7:38 corresponds to 2 Chronicles 4:6, while 1 Kings 7:38–39a is reworked at 2 Chronicles 4:6a, but verses 6b–9 have no parallel in Kings, and 1 Kings 7:39b—51 corresponds to 2 Chronicles 4:10-5:1.Шаблон:Sfn The (lengthy) passage in Kings concerning the stands for the basins is only found in verse 14. The function of the basin (verse 6) is related to Exodus 30:17-21, where a copper basin is used for ceremonial washing.Шаблон:Sfn The list of golden materials in verses 7–9 corresponds to that in 1 Kings 7:48–50 (cf. verses 19–22), presented in the order of the Chronicler's (original) list in 1 Chronicles 28:15–18. Whereas the tabernacle was equipped with only one lampstand (Exodus 25:31–40; 31:8; Leviticus 24:1–4; Numbers 8:2–4), an interesting similarity to 13:11, there were ten in the Temple (verse 7; cf. multiple lampstands in 1 Chronicles 28:15; 2 Chronicles 4:20; 1 Kings 7:49).Шаблон:Sfn Both the tabernacle (Exodus 25:23-30; 26:35; Leviticus 24:5–9; 2 Chronicles 13:11) and Solomon's temple according to 1 Kings 7:48 only mention one shewbread table, but there were ten in verse 8, and by contrast to the one, the ten tables in the Chronicles (1 Chronicles 28:16) are not explicitly characterized as covered in gold.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Whereas 1 Kings 6:36 only briefly mentions the inner courtyard, the Chronicler clearly distinguishes between the priests' court (1 Kings 6:36; 7:12) and the precinct for laymen.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Verse 17

In the plain of Jordan did the king cast them, in the clay ground between Succoth and Zeredathah.[16]

See also

Шаблон:Columns-list

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Sources

External links

Шаблон:Second Book of Chronicles

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 2 Chronicles 4 Berean Study Bible. Biblehub
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Bibleref2 KJV
  3. ↑ Note on 2 Chronicles 4:1 in ESV
  4. ↑ Note on 2 Chronicles 4:1 in MEV
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Bibleverse KJV
  6. ↑ Note [a] on 2 Chronicles 4:2 in MEV
  7. ↑ Note [b] on 2 Chronicles 4:2 in MEV
  8. ↑ Missler, Chuck. The Value of Pi: Hidden Codes in the Bible. April 1, 1998. This finding was also reported by Shlomo Edward G. Belaga, in the page by Boaz Tsaban "Rabbinical Math" and in the book by Grant Jeffrey, "The Handwriting of God", Frontier Research Publications, Toronto Ontario, 1997.
  9. ↑ Munk, Matityahu Hacohen. Three Geometric Problems in the Bible and Talmud. Sinai 51 (1962), 218-227 (in Hebrew); Munk, Matityahu Hacohen. The Halachic Way in Solving Special Geometric Problems. Hadarom 27 (1968), 115-133 (in Hebrew). Cited i: Tsaban, Boaz; Garber, David. On the Rabbinical Approximation of Pi, Historia Mathematica 25 (1998), pp. 75-84.
  10. ↑ Ryrie, Charles (1986). Basic Theology. Wheaton, Illinois: SP Publications, p. 99.
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Bibleverse KJV
  12. ↑ Note [a] on 2 Chronicles 4:5 in ESV
  13. ↑ Note [a] on 2 Chronicles 4:5 in MEV
  14. ↑ Note [b] on 2 Chronicles 4:5 in ESV
  15. ↑ Note [b] on 2 Chronicles 4:5 in MEV
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Bibleverse KJV
  17. ↑ Note on 2 Chronicles 4:17 in NKJV, MEV and ESV
  18. ↑ Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Editors). On "2 Chronicles 4". In: The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. Accessed 24 April 2019.
  19. ↑ Ellicott, C. J. (Ed.) (1905). Ellicott's Bible Commentary for English Readers. 2 Chronicles 4. London : Cassell and Company, Limited, [1905-1906] Online version: (OCoLC) 929526708. Accessed 28 April 2019.
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