Английская Википедия:Abu Asim al-Abbadi
Abū ʿĀṣim al-ʿAbbādī (985–1066), called al-Qāḍī al-Harawī,[1] was a Shāfiʿī judge and jurist from Herat.
Life
Abū ʿĀṣim was born into a prominent family of Herat and, according to Ibn al-Samʿānī, could trace his ancestry back to a certain ʿAbbād al-Samʿānī.Шаблон:Sfn His full name was Abū ʿĀṣim Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbbād al-ʿAbbādī.[2] He began his studies in fiqh (jurisprudence) in Herat and continued them at Nishapur under ʿAbd al-Ghāfir al-Fārisī, Abū al-Ṭayyib al-Ṣuʿlūkī and Abū Isḥāq al-Isfarāyinī.Шаблон:Sfn
According to the biographical dictionary of Tāj al-Dīn al-Subkī, al-ʿAbbādī belonged to the fourth generation of Shāfiʿīs.Шаблон:Sfn He travelled widely to learn and transmit ḥadīth (tradition). Upon his return to Herat, he was appointed qāḍī (judge), in which position he served until his death.[3] He died in September 1066.Шаблон:Sfn He left a son, Abu l-Ḥasan, who wrote a Kitāb al-Raḳm.Шаблон:Sfn
Works
Al-ʿAbbādī wrote mainly on fiqh, but he also composed the first ṭabaqāt (biographical dictionary) devoted to a school of fiqh, in his case, the Shāfiʿīs. This book, Ṭabaqāt al-fuqahāʾ al-Shāfiʿiyya, is his only work to be independently preserved.Шаблон:Sfn It survives in several manuscripts.Шаблон:Sfn In addition, his Adab al-qaḍāʾ on the adab (etiquette) of judges, has survived in al-Ishrāf ʿalā Ghawāmiḍ al-Ḥukūmāt, a commentary written by his student, Abū Saʿd ibn Abī Aḥmad ibn Abī Yūsuf al-Harawī (died Шаблон:Circa).[4] The titles of other known works on judgeship include al-Aṭʿima and Aḥkām al-miyāh.Шаблон:Sfn
In al-ʿAbbādī's lifetime, both Shāfiʿīs and Ḥanafīs were respected and influential in Greater Khurāsān and both received judgeships. Much of his work, therefore, was directed against the Ḥanafīs.Шаблон:Sfn According to Ḥājjī Khalīfa, he wrote a thirty-volume compendium entitled al-Mabsūṭ.[5] The titles of several other works are known: Ziyādāt, Ziyādāt al-ziyādāt, Radd ʿalā al-Qāḍī al-Samʿānī and al-Hādī ilā madhāhib al-ʿulamāʾ.[6] All of these concerened the differences between the two schools of fiqh and the superiority of the Shāfiʿīs.Шаблон:Sfn
Al-ʿAbbādī gained a reputation in his own time for his difficult style, which may explain the poor survival rate of his writings.[7]
Notes
Bibliography
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb. "al-Harawī" is a nisba meaning "from Herat".
- ↑ In this Arabic name, Abū ʿĀṣim is a kunya, the given name is Muḥammad, the four names which follow are a series of patronymics and al-ʿAbbādī is a family name. See Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb defines the mabsūṭ genre as "a literary style which enters into great detail and argumentation, in contrast to mukhtaṣar, which synthesises and summarises."
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb: "he wrote in a very abstruse manner", "during his lifetime he was notorious for his recondite style of expression"; Шаблон:Harvnb: "his dark and difficult style of expression"; Шаблон:Harvnb: "his complicated style of literary expression".
