Английская Википедия:Air Mali (1960–1989)

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox airline

Société Nationale Air Mali, or Air Mali as it was most commonly known, was the former national airline of the Republic of Mali. It had its head office in Bamako.[1]

History

Файл:Air Mali Caravelle Gilliand.jpg
An Air Mali Sud Aviation Caravelle at Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport. (1981)
Файл:Air Mali Boeing 737-200Adv TZ-ADL CDG 1983-10-16.png
An Air Mali Boeing 737-200 Advanced at Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport. (1983)
Файл:Air Mali Boeing 727-173C TZ-ADR CDG 1984-8-1.png
An Air Mali Boeing 727-100C at Шаблон:Nowrap. (1984)

In June 1960, the Federal Assembly of the newly independent Mali Federation voted to set up a new national airline to be known as Air Mali.[2] Société Nationale Air Mali was founded by the Malian government on 27 October 1960 with the intent of becoming the newly independent country's national airline. When the airline was founded, the legislation under which the airline was set up gave the airline exclusive rights on domestic flights, and international flights from the country to the outside world. The company which was founded with startup capital of CFA 50 million, was given the right to sell up to 45% of its shares to private investors; however, very few were sold.[3]

Technical assistance was provided to the airline by the Soviet airline Aeroflot, which also provided equipment for the airline to begin operations. The British government donated three ex-British European Airways Douglas DC-3s, which the British purchased for GBP 70,000.[3][4] The airline began flight operations in 1961, but initially only operated executive services for government officials from Bamako to various administratives centres on the country, and joined the International Air Transport Association in July 1961. The first domestic route which was taken over from Air France was one which linked Bamako to Gao on the River Niger, the once capital of the Songhai Empire. Prior to taking over the flight, Air France operated a weekly service with Douglas DC-4 equipment, and once flights were inaugurated by Air Mali, service was increased to twice-weekly with Douglas DC-3 equipment.[3]

On 20 March 1961, a contract was signed in Moscow for the supply of a number of Ilyushin Il-18, Ilyushin Il-14, Antonov An-2 and Mil Mi-2 helicopters.[5] The two Il-18s were delivered in August 1961, and with them Air Mali began and expanded its international network to include Paris, Casablanca and Marseille. The aircraft were initially flown with Soviet crews whilst African crews were trained in their operations. The airline began flights to Ghana in December 1961, and regional destinations, some inherited from Union Aéromaritime de Transport, included Monrovia, Abidjan, Accra, Douala, Brazzaville, Dakar and Conakry, utilising the Il-14s and DC-3s.[3]

Air Mali was the first airline to provide service to many Malian cities which had previously not received air services. The airline's domestic network was for the most part unprofitable, however, this was subsidised by profits the airline made on its regional and international networks. The Bamako-Accra route which was suspended at the time of the 1966 coup in Ghana was restarted in 1967,[3] and on 14 September of the same year Aviaexport announced the signing of a deal with Air Mali for the supply of two Antonov An-24,[6] which when delivered were operated on domestic and regional routes, such as Bamako-Mopti-Goundam-Timbouctou-Gao-Niamey. The airline was forced to seek a replacement for the Il-18s by the end of the 1960s, as the turboprops had become too expensive to operate and maintain.[3]

The airline's first jet aircraft, a Boeing 727-100C was acquired in 1971 to enable the airline to service longer-range international routes to Paris, Marseille and Casablanca. The 727 was joined not long after by a Boeing 737-100 for use on medium-range regional routes in Africa.[3] By Шаблон:Start date, Air Mali had 577 employees; at this time, the fleet included one Antonov An-24B, one Boeing 707-320C, one Boeing 727-100C, one Ilyushin Il-18 and two Twin Otters that flew international routes to Abidjan, Accra, Banjul, Brazzaville, Casablanca, Conakry, Douala, Freetown, Lagos, Libreville, Lome, Monrovia, Niamey and Paris, and domestic services to Gao, Goundam, Kayes, Kenieba, Mopti, Nara, Nioro, Timbuctou and Yelimane.[7]

On 22 February 1985, the An-24 experienced an engine explosion upon take-off from Timbuktu Airport, eventually crashing before reaching the airport of departure.[8] Following this accident, and also because of large debts the airline had incurred, the government forced the airline to close down in 1988[9] with its operations being taken over by Malitas in 1989.[10]

Destinations

The airline served the following destinations throughout its history. Шаблон:Inc-transport

City Airport code Airport name Refs
IATA ICAO
Шаблон:DZA
Algiers ALG DAAG Houari Boumediene Airport [11]
Шаблон:BFA
Ouagadougou OUA DFFD Ouagadougou Airport [11]
Шаблон:CIV
Abidjan ABJ DIAP Port Bouet Airport [11]
Bouaké BYK DIBK Bouaké Airport [11]
Шаблон:FRA
Paris CDG LFPG Charles de Gaulle Airport [11]
Paris LBG LFBG Le Bourget Airport [12]
Шаблон:GUI
Conakry CKY GUCY Conakry International Airport [13]
Шаблон:LBR
Monrovia ROB GLRB Roberts International Airport [11]
Шаблон:MLI
Bamako BKO GABS Senou International Airport [14]
Gao GAQ GAGO Gao International Airport [14]
Goundam GUD GAGM Goundam Airport [14]
Kayes KYS GAKY Kayes Airport [14]
Kenieba KNZ GAKA Kenieba Airport [14]
Mopti MZI GAMB Mopti Airport [14]
Nara NIX GANR Keibane Airport [14]
Nioro NIX GANR Nioro Airport [14]
Tomboctou TOM GATB Timbuktu Airport [14]
Yélimané EYL GAYE Yélimané Airport [13]
Шаблон:Flag
Aioun el Atrouss AEO GQNA Aioun el Atrouss Airport [13]
Шаблон:MAR
Casablanca CMN GMMN Mohammed V International Airport [11]
Шаблон:NIG
Niamey NIM DRRN Diori Hamani International Airport [14]
Шаблон:NGR
Lagos BZV FCBB Murtala Muhammed International Airport [11]
Шаблон:COG
Brazzaville LOS DNMM Maya-Maya Airport [11]
Шаблон:SEN
Dakar DKR GOOY Léopold Sédar Senghor International Airport [11]
Шаблон:SLE
Freetown FNA GFLL Lungi International Airport [11]
Шаблон:TOG
Lomé LFW DXXX Lomé-Tokoin Airport [11]

Fleet

Файл:Air Mali Il-18V TZ-ADF CDG 1979-4-14.png
An Air Mali Ilyushin Il-18V at Шаблон:Nowrap in 1979

The airline operated the following equipment all through its history:[15]

Accidents and incidents

According to Aviation Safety Network, Air Mali experienced five hull-loss events throughout its history. Following is a list of these events; four of them were deadly, totalling 111 fatalities.[16]

Date Location Aircraft Tail number Fate Fatalities Description Refs
Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Nowrap Il-14M TZ-ABH W/O Шаблон:Nts/7 Crashed in the French Alps. The aircraft was flying the second leg of a MinskZagrebMarseille–Bamako route. [17][18]
Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Flagicon Linoghin Il-18V TZ-ABE W/O Шаблон:Nts/60 The airplane was due to operate a non-scheduled international Bamako–NiameyKanoMecca passenger service. On its first leg, it was diverted to Ouagadougou because of bad weather at Niamey. A forced landing was made after the aircraft ran out of fuel flying over the wrong city, apparently due to a navigational error. [19]
Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Flagicon Bamako Шаблон:Nowrap TZ-ACH W/O Шаблон:Nts/7 Crashed under unspecified circumstances. [20]
Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Flagicon Timbuktu An-24B TZ-ACT W/O Шаблон:Nts/51 Experienced an engine failure just after takeoff from Timbuktu Airport bound for Bamako. The aircraft crashed before returning to the airport of departure. [8][21]
Шаблон:Dts Шаблон:Unknown BN-2A-9 TZ-ACS W/O Шаблон:Unknown Шаблон:Unknown [22]

See also

Шаблон:Portal

Шаблон:-

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Airlines of Mali

  1. Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок FI1988-42/4 не указан текст
  2. Шаблон:Cite newsШаблон:Subscription required
  3. 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,6 Шаблон:Cite book
  4. Шаблон:Cite newsШаблон:Subscription required
  5. Шаблон:Cite book
  6. Шаблон:Cite book
  7. Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок FI1980-277 не указан текст
  8. 8,0 8,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Mali Airliner Crash Kills 50 Near Timbuktu не указан текст
  9. JP airline-fleets international, Edition 89/90
  10. Шаблон:Cite book
  11. 11,00 11,01 11,02 11,03 11,04 11,05 11,06 11,07 11,08 11,09 11,10 11,11 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок my82-2.jpg не указан текст
  12. Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок af69-13.jpg не указан текст
  13. 13,0 13,1 13,2 13,3 Шаблон:Cite journal
  14. 14,00 14,01 14,02 14,03 14,04 14,05 14,06 14,07 14,08 14,09 14,10 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок my82-1.jpg не указан текст
  15. Шаблон:Cite web
  16. Шаблон:Cite web
  17. Шаблон:ASN accident
  18. Шаблон:Cite web
  19. Шаблон:ASN accident
  20. Шаблон:ASN accident
  21. Шаблон:ASN accident
  22. Шаблон:ASN accident