Английская Википедия:Air Mata Iboe

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Featured articleШаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox film Air Mata Iboe (Perfected spelling: Air Mata Ibu; Malay for A Mother's Tears) is a 1941 drama film from the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) directed and written by Njoo Cheong Seng. Starring Fifi Young, Rd Ismail, Ali Sarosa, and Ali Joego, it followed a mother who raises her children lovingly but is ultimately betrayed by her eldest sons when she falls upon hard times. The film, billed as a "musical extravaganza," featured a soundtrack by R. Koesbini, and an eponymous title song written by Njoo.

Air Mata Iboe was the last production completed by Fred Young's Majestic Film Company. The film was filmed throughout June to December 1941, and was released that month as well, prior to the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies. It is now possibly lost, although it still might be hidden somewhere. A titular remake was later produced in 1957.

Plot

Soegiati is the mother of four children: sons Achmad, Idris, and Soemadi, and a daughter named Soepinah. She loves them all, but Soemadi receives the most of her attention because he receives little from his father, the merchant Soebagio. As the children grow, they marry and move away, and eventually only Soemadi is left. Although he begins a relationship with a young woman named Noormala, he does not marry her as his income is not enough to support them.

On the night of Eid al-Fitr, the family gathers for the holiday. Unbeknownst to the family, Soebagio is leading a double life as a robber, and that evening the police come to arrest him. To protect his father, Soemadi declares himself the culprit, and he is exiled. Feeling guilty for his sins, Soebagio falls ill and dies soon afterwards. Because of their debts, their home and belongings are repossessed, leaving Soegiati to fend for herself.

Though wealthy, Achmad and Idris refuse to take Soegiati in, fearing their respective wives Moedjenah and Mariam. Soepinah and her husband Bakar are willing to take her in, but they live in poverty. Unwilling to burden them, ultimately Soegiati decides to leave and find her own way, depending on the kindness of strangers. Years pass, and Soemadi returns from exile. Encountering his mother, who now lives in poverty, he decides to take revenge on his brothers.Шаблон:Efn

Cast

A group photograph of 13 men and women
The cast of Air Mata Iboe

Production

A shot from the film featuring Soebagio talking to people from behind bars, supervised by an officer
A still from the film featuring Soebagio imprisoned

The Malang-based Majestic Film Company announced Air Mata Iboe in June 1941 together with two other films, Boedi Terbenam (Hidden Wisdom) and Bachtera Karam (Wrecked Ark).Шаблон:Efn Production began soon afterwards and, by early December 1941, over 55 reels had been shot, as well as 60 sound reels.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Air Mata Iboe was written and directed by Njoo Cheong Seng under his penname M. d'Amour; he had previously directed Djantoeng Hati (Heart and Soul; 1941), which also had a tragic ending. The film was produced by the company's owner, Fred Young.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn It starred Njoo's wife Fifi Young (no relation to Fred), Rd Ismail, Ali Sarosa, and Ali Joego.Шаблон:Sfn Other roles were held by established singers of keroncong (traditional music with Portuguese influences), including Soerip, Titing, Soelami, Ning Nong, and S. Poniman.Шаблон:Sfn The film, which used make-up to make Fifi Young age into an old woman over the course of its plot, was the actress' first for Majestic; she had been ill during the production of her husband's debut for the company.Шаблон:Sfn

The black-and-white film featured eleven keroncong songs written by music director R. Koesbini,Шаблон:Sfn who also had a role in the film.Шаблон:Sfn Backing music was provided by Koesbini's troupe, the Krontjong Syncopaters,Шаблон:Sfn while songs were performed by the cast.Шаблон:Efn[1] Notes and lyrics for the film's title song, "Air Mata Iboe", were published in the December 1941 edition of the magazine Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film.Шаблон:EfnШаблон:Sfn

Lyrics of "Air Mata Iboe" with English translation
<poem>Sembilan boelan, sepoeloeh hari

Dalam kandoengan Iboe bastari

Berboelan boelan, bertahoen tahoen Dipangkoean Iboe kita berlindoeng

Dari bayi, Iboe mendjaga dan mentjinta Dosa apa kalaoe kita mendoerhaka Karena tidak Iboe dan Bapak Akoe tak dapat melihat doenia</poem>

<poem>Nine months, ten days

In the womb of my Mother

For months and months, for years and years In Mother's arms we shelter ourselves

From our youth, Mother nurtures Such a big sin it is if we disobey If not for Mother and Father There is no world for me to see</poem>

Release and legacy

A profile portrait of a woman wearing glasses, with white hair
Fifi Young, made up as an old woman for the film; she retook the role of Soegiati in the 1957 remake.

Air Mata Iboe, which was rated for all ages, was distributed by Columbia Pictures and premiered at Sampoerna Theatre in Surabaya on 24 December 1941. Also advertised under the Dutch title Tranen Eener Moeder (a literal translation from Malay), the film was promoted as a "musical extravaganza";Шаблон:EfnШаблон:Sfn other advertisements emphasised the size of the cast.Шаблон:Sfn An anonymous review in De Indische Courant noted the extensive use of keroncong and praised the acting and singing, suggesting that native audiences would flock to see the film.Шаблон:Sfn

Air Mata Iboe was the last film produced by Majestic Film Company, which closed following the Japanese occupation.Шаблон:EfnШаблон:Sfn During the occupation Njoo, Fifi Young, and Fred Young established their own travelling theatrical troupe, Pantjawarna, though all returned to cinema in the 1950s.[2] Joego likewise returned to film after spending the occupation in theater.Шаблон:Sfn Poniman, Sarosa, Ismail, and Soerip all returned to cinema,[3] the men in the 1950s and Soerip in 1973.Шаблон:Sfn Soelami is not recorded as acting in any further productions.Шаблон:Sfn

A remake of Air Mata Iboe, titled Air Mata Ibu, was produced in 1957, after Indonesia obtained its independence. Directed by Fred Young, the film had Fifi Young retake her role as Soegiati, while Rd Ismail took the role of Soebagio. The remake's other cast members had not appeared in the original film. The sons Achmad, Idris, and Soemadi were portrayed by Sukarno M. Noor, Boes Boestami, and Kamsul, respectively. The couple's daughter, renamed Atikah, was played by Farida Arriany.Шаблон:Sfn

Air Mata Iboe may be lost. As elsewhere at the time, films in the Dutch East Indies were shot on highly unstable nitrate film, and after a fire destroyed much of Produksi Film Negara's warehouse in 1952, earlier films shot on nitrate were deliberately destroyed.Шаблон:Sfn Thus, the American visual anthropologist Karl G. Heider wrote that all Indonesian films made before 1950 are lost.Шаблон:Sfn However, JB Kristanto's Katalog Film Indonesia (Indonesian Film Catalogue) records several as having survived at Sinematek Indonesia's archives.Шаблон:Sfn

Explanatory notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Works cited

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb
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