Английская Википедия:Al Amal (Lebanon)

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Шаблон:About Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox newspaper Al Amal (Шаблон:Lang-ar) is a long-running Arabic Lebanese newspaper affiliated with the Kataeb Party.[1] It is published in Arabic and in French on a weekly basis in Beirut, Lebanon.

History and profile

Al Amal was founded in 1939.[2][3] The paper is headquartered in Beirut,[4] and had Arabic and French editions.[3][5] It is the official publication of the Kataeb Party, also known as Phalangist Party, and has a right-wing approach.[6] In the early period the publisher of the paper was Pierre Gemayel, leader of the Kataeb Party.[7] Until 1946 Al Amal was distributed with another Kataeb paper entitled Action which was published in French.[8] From 21 November 1946 Al Amal became an Arabic daily newspaper, and Action was made a separate French-language weekly newspaper on 3 October 1948.[8]

Its major function is to convey the party's views and ideas.[2] In the 1940s Al Amal frequently published anti-Israeli news and articles.[9] From 1945 it also frequently criticized the Lebanese government.[8] The membership of the Kataeb Party significantly increased following the crisis in 1958 which also increased the significance of the paper.[10] However, during this turmoil Fuad Haddad, editor-in-chief of Al Amal, was kidnapped on 23 September.[11] Subscription to the newspaper became compulsory for all Kataeb Party members in 1966.[2]

The paper had an oppositional stance against the Palestinian refugees in the country in 1980.[11] In the 1980s Al Amal was published daily,[12] but later its frequency was switched to weekly. In October 1985 Elie Hobeika, a militia commander, unsuccessfully attempted to suspend the publication of Al Amal.[13] However, he seized the headquarters of Le Reveil, a French-language daily founded by Amine Gemayel.[13] Following the control of the party by the Lebanese Forces, namely Elie Hobeika and Samir Geagea, Al Amal was for a time temporarily controlled by the group in 1986,[14] but now reflects solely the points of view of the Phalange which is its license holder.[15]

The circulation of Al Amal was 35,000 copies in the beginning of the 2000s.[16]

Editors and contributors

The long-term editors-in-chief of the paper were Elias Rababi[2] and Joseph Abu Khalil.[17] Both were also the leading figures of the Phalangist Party in the 1940s.[9] Another editor-in-chief of Al Amal was Fuad Haddad who was abducted while serving in the post on 23 September 1958.[11] Lebanese caricaturist Pierre Sadek contributed to the newspaper.[17]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Newspapers in Lebanon Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Шаблон:Cite book
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite thesis
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 Шаблон:Cite thesis
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite thesis
  11. ↑ 11,0 11,1 11,2 Шаблон:Cite book
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  13. ↑ 13,0 13,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ 17,0 17,1 Шаблон:Cite news
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