Английская Википедия:Alais meteorite
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox meteorite
Alais or Allais is the first carbonaceous chondrite meteorite identified. It fell near Alès in 1806 in multiple fragments which together weighed Шаблон:Convert, although only Шаблон:Convert remains. The meteorite contains a number of elements in similar proportions to the Solar System in its primordial state. It also contains organic compounds and water. It has proved to be one of the most important meteorites discovered in France.
History
At 17:00 on 15 March 1806, two detonations were heard near Alès in Gard, France.Шаблон:Sfn Shortly afterwards, two soft black stones were discovered in the villages of Saint-Étienne-de-l'Olm and Castelnau-Valence, weighing Шаблон:Convert and Шаблон:Convert respectively. The fragments were collected by people who observed the impact and given to two scientists that lived locally.[1] The meteorite was analysed by Louis Jacques Thénard, who published a study in 1807, showing that it had a high carbon content.Шаблон:Sfn It was initially doubted that the fragments were of non-terrestrial origins as their attributes were markedly different to existing meteorites.Шаблон:Sfn However, it was increasingly realised that this was a new, albeit rare, type of meteorite.Шаблон:Sfn The meteorite is also known as Valence.[1]
Curation and distribution
As an early fall (soon after the consensus that meteorites were real, extraterrestrial phenomenon), Alais has largely been dispersed. Few samples have been preserved, less than Orgueil, but more than Tonk and particularly Revelstoke.
| Org | Mass | Place | Country | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mus. NdH | 45 g | Paris | France | [2] |
| Geol. Surv. Ind. | 5g | Kolkata | India | |
| Vat. Met. Coll. | 4.5g | Castel Gandolfo | Italy | |
| ASU | 3g | Tempe | USA | |
| Field Mus. | 3.6g | Chicago | USA | |
| Uni. Tübingen | 1.9g | Tübingen | Germany | |
| Geol. Surv. Ca. | 1.9g | Ottawa | Canada | |
| Mus. fur Nat. | 1.7g | Berlin | Germany | |
| Nat. Hist. Mus. | 1.7g | Wien | Austria | |
| Smithsonian | 0.7g | Washington | USA | [3] |
| Am. Mus. N.H. | 0.6g | New York | USA | |
| IfP | 0.5g | Munster | Germany | |
| Ro. Akad. Nauk. | <.5g | Moscow | Russia | |
| West. Aus. Mus. | <.5g | Perth | Australia | |
| DuPont Coll. | 0.2g | Palatine | USA |
Source: Grady, M. M. Catalogue of Meteorites, 5th Edition, Cambridge University Press
Description
Overview
The Alais meteorite is one of the most important meteorites in France.Шаблон:Sfn It is black with loose friable textures with a low density of less than Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn Originally consisting of fragments that together weighed Шаблон:Convert, it has been subject to substantial scientific examination and currently only Шаблон:Convert remains.Шаблон:Sfn A fragment, weighing Шаблон:Convert is held by the National Museum of Natural History, France.Шаблон:Sfn
Composition and classification
The meteorite is one of five known meteorites belonging to the CI chondrite group.Шаблон:Sfn This group is remarkable for having an elemental distribution that has the strongest similarity to that of the solar nebula. Except for certain volatile elements, like carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and the noble gases, which are not present in the meteorites in the same proportions, the ratios of the elements are very similar.Шаблон:Sfn The meteorite contains cubanite, dolomite, fosterite, pyrrhotite and zircon amongst other minerals.Шаблон:Sfn
Origin of life controversy
The meteorite has been at the centre of controversial claims about an extraterrestrial origin of life since the discovery of organic matter on the meteorite by Jöns Jacob Berzelius.Шаблон:Sfn Organic compounds, amino acids and water have been found in the meteorite. However, studies differentiate between organic and biological matter, the latter not being present.Шаблон:Sfn
See also
References
Citations
Bibliography
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокmetbulldbне указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
