Английская Википедия:Atatürk Airport

Содержание

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Atatürk Airport Шаблон:Airport codes (former IATA code: IST) (Шаблон:Lang-tr) was the primary international airport of Istanbul until it was closed to commercial passenger flights on 6 April 2019. From that point, all flights were transferred to the new Istanbul Airport. All freight operations subsequently relocated as well by 5 February 2022 after which the airport continued to serve general aviation until its final closure. It used to be the hub of Turkish Airlines; however, it is now only in use for private jets.

History

Файл:Atatürk Kemal.jpg

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the modern Turkey and the airport's namesake.

Growth and development

In 1911, a small apron with two hangars was built in Yeşilköy, Istanbul, for the Ottoman Armed Forces. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founded Türk Tayyare Cemiyeti (Turkish Aircraft Company, today Türk Hava Kurumu - THK) in 1925. In 1933, today's Turkish Airlines, the Türkiye Devlet Hava Yolları started its flights with two Curtiss Kingbird aircraft. Flights from Istanbul to Ankara and Athens began. The small apron was expanded and a new passenger terminal was built. This is considered the beginning of the airport's 86-year history. It was originally named Yeşilköy Airport. In the 1980s, it was renamed Atatürk International Airport.

It served more than 60 million passengers in 2015, making it the 11th-busiest airport in the world in terms of total passenger traffic and the 10th-busiest in the world in terms of international passenger traffic. In 2017, it was Europe's 5th-busiest airport after London–Heathrow, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Frankfurt Airport, and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, having fallen from third place after a decline in passengers due to security fears.

Closure

Istanbul Atatürk Airport was replaced in regards to commercial passenger functions by the newly constructed Istanbul Airport, in April 2019, in order to meet Istanbul's growing domestic and international air traffic demand as a source, destination, and transit point. Both airports were used in parallel for five months from late 2018, with the new airport gradually expanding to serve more domestic and regional destinations. On 6 April 2019, Atatürk's IST IATA airport code was inherited by Istanbul Airport and Atatürk Airport was assigned the code ISL after the full transfer of all scheduled passenger activities to the new airport was completed. The final commercial flight, Turkish Airlines Flight 54, left Atatürk Airport on 6 April 2019 at 2:44am for Singapore.

On 5 February 2022, Turkish Cargo relocated all cargo flights and operations from their former hub at the airport to the new Istanbul Airport.

Atatürk Airport National Garden

Turkey's government announced its plans to construct a giant park on the grounds of the former Istanbul Atatürk Airport (whose operations are transferred to the new Istanbul Airport) in 2019. The park is part of a larger urban transformation plan that seeks to correct some of the haphazard urban planning that characterised most major Turkish cities since the 1970s. Due to the little space available to construct or expand green spaces, new parks are often constructed on spots formerly occupied by factories or other major facilities.

The Atatürk Airport National Garden will be constructed on and around one of the two runways of Atatürk Airport. This runway was already rendered unusable after it was chosen as the site for Istanbul's pandemic hospital in early 2020. More than 132,500 trees are to be planted in place of the asphalt runway and taxiways that will also help to keep the city cooler. The other runway is set to remain in use for select cargo and private jet flights, aviation fairs (such as Teknofest) and for use by the Turkish Air Force (which still maintains a small training base and museum here).

The leader of the Republican People's Party (CHP) Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu called the proposed construction of the park ''treason'' and threatened to hold those responsible to account.

Facilities

Файл:Photography by Victor Albert Grigas (1919-2017) April 1970 Rome to Turkey 00468 (48309481577).jpg

The original terminal at Yeşilköy in 1970.

Файл:An Aerial View of Yeşilköy Airport - İstanbul Atatürk Aiport (12985308504).jpg

The former main terminal inaugurated in 1983, which then served as the domestic section until 2019.

Файл:Istanbul Airport Turkish-Airlines 2013-11-18 (3).jpg

The now defunct main passenger terminal in 2013.

Former passenger terminals

Istanbul Atatürk Airport featured two passenger terminals linked to each other. The former domestic terminal is the older and smaller of the two terminals and exclusively handled domestic flights within Turkey. It featured its own check-in and airside facilities on the upper floor, with twelve departure gates equipped with jet bridges and five baggage claim belts on the ground level. The former international terminal was inaugurated in 2000 and used for all international flights. It featured a large main hall containing 8 check-in aisles and a wide range of airside facilities such as shops and restaurants, 34 gates equipped with jet bridges, and 7 bus-boarding stands. The arrivals floor had 11 baggage claim belts. In addition, there is a general aviation terminal to the northwest of the passenger terminals.

Former cargo terminal

The airport featured a dedicated cargo terminal including facilities for the handling of radioactive and refrigerated freight.

Other facilities

• Turkish Airlines has its headquarters in the Turkish Airlines General Management Building, located within the airport campus.
• Prima Aviation Services Inc. has its MRO facilities in new technical site at the air side Gate A.
• In May 2020, the Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital using the former site of the 35L/35R runways were opened in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey.

Former airlines and destinations

As of April 2019, all passenger operations have been relocated to the new Istanbul Airport. As of February 2022, all cargo operations have been relocated to the new airport as well. Currently, the airport serves only private and business jets as well as operations on behalf of the Government of Turkey.

Statistics

Istanbul Atatürk Airport ranked 17th in ACI statistics at the end of 2011 in terms of international traffic with almost 24 million international passengers. It ranked 29th in the world in terms of total passenger traffic with over 37.4 million passengers in 2011. Its total traffic within the last decade more than tripled, and its international traffic quadrupled. Passenger statistics for Istanbul Atatürk Airport for the years 2002–2019 are below.

Passenger statistics at Istanbul Atatürk Airport

Year	Domestic passengers	Passenger % change	International passenger	Passenger % change	Total passenger	Passenger % change	World rank international	World rank total
2019	4,236,203	Шаблон:Decrease	11,876,601	Шаблон:Decrease	16,112,804	Шаблон:Decrease	Шаблон:Nochange	Шаблон:Nochange
2018	19,170,141	Шаблон:Decrease2	48,811,305	Шаблон:Increase10	67,981,446	Шаблон:Increase6	10th	17th
2017	19,450,347	Шаблон:Increase2	44,277,101	Шаблон:Increase7	63,727,448	Шаблон:Increase5	11th	15th
2016	19,099,874	Шаблон:Decrease1	41,019,341	Шаблон:Decrease2	60,119,215	Шаблон:Decrease2	11th	14th
2015	19,375,402	Шаблон:Increase4	41,947,327	Шаблон:Increase10	61,322,729	Шаблон:Increase8	10th	11th
2014	18,754,002	Шаблон:Increase9	38,200,788	Шаблон:Increase12	56,954,790	Шаблон:Increase11	9th	13th
2013	17,224,105	Шаблон:Increase13	34,096,770	Шаблон:Increase14	51,320,875	Шаблон:Increase14	10th	18th
2012	15,281,321	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	29,717,196	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	44,998,508	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	13th	21st
2011	13,604,352	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	23,847,835	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	37,452,187	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	17th	28th
2010	11,800,999	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	20,344,620	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	32,145,619	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	19th	37th
2009	11,393,645	Шаблон:DecreaseШаблон:Sort	18,363,739	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	29,757,384	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	Шаблон:Nochange	Шаблон:Nochange
2008	11,484,063	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	17,069,069	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	28,553,132	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	Шаблон:Nochange	Шаблон:Nochange
2007	9,595,923	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	13,600,306	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	23,196,229	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	Шаблон:Nochange	Шаблон:Nochange
2006	9,091,693	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	12,174,281	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	21,265,974	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	Шаблон:Nochange	Шаблон:Nochange
2005	7,512,282	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	11,781,487	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	19,293,769	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	Шаблон:Nochange	Шаблон:Nochange
2004	5,430,925	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	10,169,676	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	15,600,601	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	Шаблон:Nochange	Шаблон:Nochange
2003	3,196,045	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	8,908,268	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	12,104,342	Шаблон:IncreaseШаблон:Sort	Шаблон:Nochange	Шаблон:Nochange
2002	2,851,487	Шаблон:Nochange	8,506,204	Шаблон:Nochange	11,357,691	Шаблон:Nochange	Шаблон:Nochange	Шаблон:Nochange

Accidents and incidents

• On 30 January 1975, Turkish Airlines Flight 345, crashed into the Sea of Marmara during its final approach to the airport. All 42 passengers and crew on board were killed.
• On 25 April 2015, Turkish Airlines Flight 1878, operated by an A320-200, TC-JPE was severely damaged in a landing accident. The aircraft aborted the first hard landing, which inflicted engine and gear damage. On the second attempt at landing, the right gear collapsed and the aircraft rolled off the runway spinning 180 degrees. All on board evacuated without injury.
• On 28 June 2016, three terrorists killed 44 civilians by gunfire and subsequent suicide bombings, along with 239 civilians injured. The three men arrived in a taxi cab and opened fire at the terminal. The three men then blew themselves up when police opened fire. The airport has X-ray scanners at the entrance to the terminal but security checks for cars are limited.
• On 15 July 2016, the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt took place. During the attempted coup, units of the Turkish Armed Forces seized control of the airport and closed it, but it was reopened after pro-government forces regained control.

Accolades

• The Turkish Chamber of Civil Engineers lists İstanbul Atatürk Airport as one of the fifty civil engineering feats in Turkey, a list of remarkable engineering projects completed in the first 50 years of the chamber's existence.
• In the 2013 Air Transport News awards ceremony, İstanbul Atatürk Airport was named Airport of the Year.
• The airport was named Europe's Best Airport in the 40-50 million passenger per year category at the 2013 Skytrax World Airport Awards.

See also

• List of the busiest airports in Turkey
• List of the busiest airports in Europe
• List of the busiest airports in Europe (2010–2015)

References

• Шаблон:Air Force Historical Research Agency

External links

• Шаблон:Official website (archived on 8 February 2020)
• Шаблон:NWS-current
• Шаблон:ASN