Английская Википедия:Autonomous prefecture
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Autonomous prefectures (Шаблон:Zh) are one type of autonomous administrative divisions of China, existing at the prefectural level, with either ethnic minorities forming over 50% of the population or being the historic home of significant minorities. Autonomous prefectures are mostly majority Han Chinese by population. The official name of an autonomous prefecture includes the most significant minority in that region, sometimes two, rarely three. For example, a Kazakh (Kazak in official naming system) prefecture may be called Kazak Zizhizhou. Like all other prefectural level divisions, autonomous prefectures are divided into county level divisions. There is one exception: Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture contains two prefectures of its own. Under the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, autonomous prefectures cannot be abolished.
Autonomous administrative divisions
The PRC's autonomous administrative divisions may be found in the first (or top) to third levels of its national administrative divisions thus:
Level | Type | Chinese | Pinyin | Number as of June 2005 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Province (1) | Autonomous regions | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 5 |
Prefecture (2) | Autonomous prefectures | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 30 |
County (3) | Autonomous counties | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 117 |
Autonomous banners | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | 3 |
List of autonomous prefectures
Ethnic composition of autonomous prefectures
- Note: * - denotes as the second titular ethnic group
Autonomous prefecture |
Year established |
Province | Titular ethnic group |
Other minorities |
Han % | Total population | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% 2000 | % 2010 | % 2000 | % 2010 | 2000 | 2010 | ||||||
Bayingolin Prefecture | 1954 | Xinjiang | Mongolian | 3.40 | 3.40 | Uyghur | 31.83 | 31.83 | 59.29 | 59.29 | 1 323 028 |
Bortala Prefecture | 1954 | Xinjiang | Mongolian | 5.64 | 5.66 | Uyghur | 12.53 | 13.32 | 67.19 | 64.96 | 482 615 |
Changji Prefecture | 1954 | Xinjiang | Hui | 11.55 | 9.52 | Kazakh | 7.98 | 9.33 | 75.14 | 75.31 | 1 412 844 |
Chuxiong Prefecture | 1958 | Yunnan | Yi | 26.31 | 26.70 | Lisu | 2.03 | 1.98 | 67.45 | 66.94 | 2 615 109 |
Dali Prefecture | 1956 | Yunnan | Bai | 32.80 | 32.19 | Yi | 12.94 | 13.02 | 50.35 | 50.69 | 3 525 706 |
Dehong Prefecture | 1953 | Yunnan | Dai | 30.14 | 28.88 | Jingpo* | 11.53 | 11.09 | 50.66 | 51.93 | 1 124 432 |
Dêqên (Diqing) Prefecture | 1957 | Yunnan | Tibetan | 33.12 | 32.36 | Lisu | 27.78 | 26.72 | 16.39 | 18.34 | 357 528 |
Enshi Prefecture | 1983 | Hubei | Tujia | 45.00 | 47.50 | Miao* | 5.45 | 5.01 | 47.24 | 45.32 | 3 976 081 |
Gannan Prefecture | 1953 | Gansu | Tibetan | 51.44 | 54.64 | Hui | 6.43 | 6.25 | 41.75 | 38.70 | 723 521 |
Garzê Prefecture | 1950 | Sichuan | Tibetan | 78.37 | 78.29 | Yi | 2.56 | 2.66 | 18.24 | 18.24 | 1 060 632 |
Golog Prefecture | 1954 | Qinghai | Tibetan | 91.63 | 91.86 | Hui | 1.11 | 0.96 | 6.59 | 6.57 | 173 541 |
Haibei Prefecture | 1953 | Qinghai | Tibetan | 24.15 | 24.36 | Hui | 30.58 | 31.52 | 36.63 | 35.88 | 283 230 |
Hainan Prefecture | 1953 | Qinghai | Tibetan | 62.77 | 66.31 | Hui | 6.97 | 6.84 | 28.06 | 24.84 | 446 849 |
Haixi Prefecture | 1954 | Qinghai | Mongol | 7.23 | 5.53 | Tibetan* | 12.16 | 10.93 | 64.95 | 66.01 | 390 743 |
Honghe Prefecture | 1957 | Yunnan | Hani | 16.60 | 17.55 | Yi* | 23.57 | 23.19 | 44.31 | 42.85 | 4 408 699 |
Huangnan Prefecture | 1953 | Qinghai | Tibetan | 66.32 | 68.55 | Mongol | 13.54 | 13.98 | 7.54 | 6.08 | 254 033 |
Ili Prefecture | 1954 | Xinjiang | Kazakh | 21.53 | Uyghur | 26.88 | 35.22 | 2 814 980 | |||
Kizilsu Prefecture | 1954 | Xinjiang | Kyrgyz | 28.32 | 27.32 | Uyghur | 63.98 | 64.68 | 6.41 | 6.78 | 539 849 |
Liangshan Prefecture | 1952 | Sichuan | Yi | 44.43 | 49.13 | Tibetan | 1.49 | 1.39 | 51.97 | 47.55 | 4 789 421 |
Linxia Prefecture | 1956 | Gansu | Hui | 31.59 | Dongxiang | 25.99 | 39.70 | 2 103 259 | |||
Ngawa Prefecture | 1953 | Sichuan | Tibetan | 53.72 | 54.50 | Qiang* | 18.28 | 17.58 | 24.69 | 24.56 | 898 846 |
Nujiang Prefecture | 1954 | Yunnan | Lisu | 47.13 | 48.21 | Bai | 26.97 | 26.04 | 13.13 | 12.35 | 520 765 |
Qiandongnan Prefecture | 1956 | Guizhou | Miao | 41.48 | 41.57 | Dong* | 31.40 | 29.02 | 19.3 | 21.73 | 4 535 015 |
Qiannan Prefecture | 1956 | Guizhou | Buyei | 32.46 | 31.22 | Miao* | 13.37 | 12.69 | 43.37 | 44.84 | 4 037 887 |
Qianxinan Prefecture | 1982 | Guizhou | Buyei | 30.04 | 27.56 | Miao* | 7.51 | 7.08 | 57.53 | 60.62 | 3 398 147 |
Wenshan Prefecture | 1958 | Yunnan | Miao | 12.94 | 13.68 | Zhuang* | 30.04 | 29.20 | 41.99 | 42.69 | 3 703 008 |
Xiangxi Prefecture | 1957 | Hunan | Tujia | 42.73 | Miao* | 33.85 | 22.85 | 2 547 833 | |||
Xishuangbanna (Sibsongbanna) Prefecture | 1953 | Yunnan | Dai | 29.89 | 27.89 | Hani | 18.73 | 19.01 | 29.11 | 30.03 | 942 844 |
Yanbian Prefecture | 1952 | Jilin | Korean | 36.26 | 32.45 | Manchu | 2.58 | 2.52 | 60.70 | 64.55 | 2 190 763 |
Yushu Prefecture | 1951 | Qinghai | Tibetan | 96.49 | Hui | 0.22 | 3.09 | 373 427 |
Former autonomous prefectures of China
- Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (1952–1988) in Guangdong, abolished because of the establishment of Hainan Province.
- Hedong Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1954–1955) in Gansu, later changed name as Wuzhong Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1955–1958), abolished because of the establishment of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.
- Xihaigu Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1953–1955) in Gansu, later changed name as Guyuan Hui Autonomous Prefecture (1955–1958), abolished because of the establishment of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.
- Guixi Zhuang Autonomous Prefecture (sub-provincial level, 1953–1955) in Guangxi Province, abolished because of the establishment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
- Bayinhot Mongol Autonomous Prefecture (1954–1956) in Gansu, included today's Dengkou County and Alxa League. The autonomy abolished after it merged into Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Administrative prefecture level units with a population of 30% or more of ethnic minorities
- Excluding prefecture level units of autonomous regions in 2000.
- Hebei: Chengde (Han - 55.32%, Manchu - 39.87%)
- Liaoning: Benxi (Han - 66.84%, Manchu - 30.22%), Dandong (Han - 64.11%, Manchu - 32.99%)
- Hunan: Zhangjiajie (Tujia - 68.40%, Han - 22.81%), Huaihua (Han - 61.33%, Dong - 17.42%, Miao - 15.63%)
- Guizhou: Anshun (Han - 61.6%, Buyei - 16.92%, Miao - 14.27%), Tongren (Tujia - 37.81%, Han - 31.76%, Miao - 14.87%, Dong - 11.41%)
- Yunnan: Yuxi (Han - 68,18%, Yi - 19,32%), Pu'er (Han - 40,92%, Hani - 16,98%, Yi - 16.58%, Lahu - 11.47%), Lijiang (Han - 42.71%, Nakhi 20.51%, Yi - 18.68%, Lisu - 9.62%), Lincang (Han - 61.22%, Dai - 15.77%, Lahu and Va - 9.76%)
- Qinghai: Haidong (Han - 56.33%, Hui - 20.38%, Tibetan - 9.2%, Tu - 8.06%)
See also
- List of prefecture-level divisions of China
- Tusi Native Chieftain System
- Autonomous regions of China
External links
Шаблон:Terms for types of country subdivisions