Английская Википедия:BL 8-inch Mk VIII naval gun
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox weapon
The BL 8 inch gun Mark VIII[note 1] was the main battery gun used on the Royal Navy's Шаблон:Sclass2 cruisers,[note 2] in compliance with the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922. This treaty allowed ships of not more than 10,000 tons standard displacement and with guns no larger than Шаблон:Convert to be excluded from total tonnage limitations on a nation's capital ships. The 10,000 ton limit was a major factor in design decisions such as turrets and gun mountings. A similar gun formed the main battery of Spanish Шаблон:Sclass cruisers.[1] In 1930, the Royal Navy adopted the BL 6 inch Mk XXIII naval gun as the standard cruiser main battery in preference to this 8-inch gun.[2]
Description
These guns, 50 calibres long, were built-up guns which consisted of a wire-wound tube encased within a second tube and jacket with a Welin breech block and hydraulic or hand-operated Asbury mechanism. Two cloth bags each containing Шаблон:Convert of cordite were used to fire a Шаблон:Convert projectile. Mark I turrets allowed gun elevation to 70 degrees to fire high-explosive shells against aircraft. Hydraulic pumps proved incapable of providing sufficient train and elevation speed to follow contemporary aircraft; so simplified version of the Mark II turrets with a maximum elevation of 50 degrees were installed in the 'Шаблон:HMS. Each gun could fire approximately five rounds per minute. Useful life expectancy was 550 effective full charges (EFC) per barrel.[3]
The following ships mounted Mk VIII guns in 188-tonne twin turrets.[3] The standard main battery was four turrets, but Exeter and York carried only three to reduce weight and formed the separate York class.[4]
- Шаблон:Sclass2 heavy cruisers : 13 ships
- Canarias-class heavy cruisers : 2 ships
- York-class heavy cruisers : 2 ships
Coast defence guns
Six single guns capable of elevating to 70 degrees were installed as coastal artillery in the Folkestone-Dover area during the Second World War.[3] Шаблон:Clear left
Ammunition
Shell trajectory
Range with 256 lbs. (116.1) SAPC with MV = 2,725 fps (831 mps)
| Range[3] | Elevation | Time of flight | Descent | Impact velocity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:Convert | 2° 11Шаблон:Prime | 6 s | 2° 31Шаблон:Prime | 2154 ft/s (657 m/s) |
| Шаблон:Convert | 5° 14Шаблон:Prime | 14 s | 7° 15Шаблон:Prime | 1683 ft/s (513 m/s) |
| Шаблон:Convert | 9° 47Шаблон:Prime | 25 s | 15° 49Шаблон:Prime | 1322 ft/s (403 m/s) |
| Шаблон:Convert | 16° 34Шаблон:Prime | 38 s | 28° 31Шаблон:Prime | 1169 ft/s (356 m/s) |
| Шаблон:Convert | 26° 44Шаблон:Prime | 56 s | 43° 7Шаблон:Prime | 1164 ft/s (355 m/s) |
| Шаблон:Convert | 41° 28Шаблон:Prime | 79 s | 56° 37Шаблон:Prime | 1240 ft/s (378 m/s) |
See also
Weapons of comparable role, performance and era
- 203mm/50 Modèle 1924 gun French equivalent
- 20.3 cm SK C/34 Naval gun German equivalent
- 203 mm /53 Italian naval gun Italian equivalent
- 20 cm/50 3rd Year Type naval gun Japanese equivalent
- 8"/55 caliber gun US equivalent
Surviving examples
- A gun from HMAS Australia outside the Australian War Memorial, Canberra
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
- Tony DiGiulian, Britain 8"/50 (20.3 cm) Mark VIII
- Terry Gander, Twentieth century British coast defence guns
Шаблон:WWIIBritishCommNavalWeapons Шаблон:WWIIBritishCommGuns
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