Английская Википедия:Bidar Sultanate

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Use Indian English Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox country

Файл:Entrance to the Bidar Fort.JPG
Entrance of Bidar Fort.
Файл:Fort Garden bidar.jpg
Garden of Fort Bidar.
Файл:Barid Shahi 05.jpg
Tombs of Bidar Shahi kings at Barid Shahi Park in Bidar.

Bidar sultanate was one of the Deccan sultanates of late medieval southern India.[1] The sultanate emerged under the rule of Qasim Barid I in 1492 and leadership passed to his sons. Starting from the 1580s, a wave of successions occurred in the rulership of the dynasty which ended in 1609 under the last Sultan Amir Barid III who was eventually defeated in 1619 by the Bijapur sultan Ibrahim Adil Shah II. Bidar became annexed into the Bijapur Sultanate.

History

Qasim Barid and Amir Barid

The sultanate was founded in 1492 by Qasim Barid I,Шаблон:Sfn who was a Turk[2][3][4][5] or Georgian and enslaved by Turks.Шаблон:Sfn He joined the service of the Bahmani Sultan Muhammad Shah III. He started his career as a sar-naubat, and was made kotwal of Bidar by Nizam-ul-Mulk Bahri for helping the Deccanis in the massacre of the foreign population at Bidar.[6] However, he later became the mir-jumla (prime minister) of the Bahmani sultanate. During the reign of Mahmood Shah Bahmani II (r. 1482 – 1518), he became the de facto ruler.

After the death of Mahmud Shah Bahmani in 1518, he was succeeded by four sultans, one after another, but they were mere puppets in the hands of Amir Barid.[7]Шаблон:Sfn

When the last Bahmani ruler Kalimullah fled to Bidar in 1527, Amir Barid I became practically independent.Шаблон:Citation needed But he never assumed any royal title.Шаблон:Sfn

Ali Barid Shah

In 1542, Amir was succeeded by his son Ali Barid Shah I, who was the first to assume the royal title of Shah.Шаблон:Sfn Ali Barid joined the other Deccan sultans in the Battle of Talikota against the Vijayanagar Empire in January 1565.

Later rulers

After his death in 1580, Ali Barid was succeeded by his son Ibrahim Barid, who ruled for seven years until his death in 1587.Шаблон:Sfn He was succeeded by his younger brother Qasim Barid II.Шаблон:Sfn After his death in 1591, he was succeeded by his infant son Ali Barid II, who was soon dethroned by one of his relative, Amir Barid II. In 1601, he was also overthrown by one of his relative, Mirza Ali Barid.

In 1609, he was succeeded by the last ruler, Amir Barid III,Шаблон:Sfn who fought against the Mughals in 1616 under the leadership of Malik Ambar. In 1619, he was defeated by the Bijapur sultan Ibrahim Adil Shah II. Bidar was annexed to Bijapur sultanate. Amir Barid III and his sons were brought to Bijapur and kept "under surveillance".Шаблон:Sfn

Culture

The rulers patronized Persianate culture. Persian poetry is inscribed on their tombs.

Architecture

Шаблон:See also

The Bidar Sultanate made considerable additions to the Bidar Fort. Their tombs are also located at Bidar.[8][9] The rulers employed Hindu architects and engineers for the construction of these buildings, which resulted in amalgamation of some Hindu features within the architecture of this period.Шаблон:Sfn

Rulers

Name Reign
Qasim Barid I 1489 – 1504
Amir Barid I 1504 – 1542Шаблон:Sfn
Ali Barid Shah I 1542 – 1580Шаблон:Sfn
Ibrahim Barid Shah 1580 – 1587
Qasim Barid Shah II 1587 – 1591
Ali Barid Shah II 1591
Amir Barid Shah II 1591 – 1601
Mirza Ali Barid Shah III 1601 – 1609
Amir Barid Shah III 1609 – 1619

Gallery

See also

References

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

External links

  1. Шаблон:Cite web
  2. Khan, Iqtidar Alam. Historical dictionary of medieval India. No. 20. Scarecrow Press, 2008."The founder of the Barid Shahi dynasty of Bidar was the son of a Bahmani noble of Turkish origin, Qasim Barid"
  3. Bolar, Varija R. "Turks in Karnataka." International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 4, no. 1 (2012): 419-428.“The Barid Shahi kingdom was established by a Turk named Qasim Barid who had come to Bidar in 1463 AD”
  4. Ali, Shanti Sadiq. The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times. Orient Blackswan, 1996.“It may be noted here that Qasim Barid, the Kotwal of Bidar, though of Turkish origin succeeded in imposing his influence on Sultan Shihabu'd-din Mahmad”
  5. Syed, Muzaffar H. History of Indian Nation: Medieval India. Vol. 2. KK Publications, 2022. p.37. “that he left the administration in the hands of one Turk noble, Qasim Barid.”
  6. Шаблон:Cite book
  7. Шаблон:Cite web
  8. Шаблон:Cite book
  9. Шаблон:Cite web