Английская Википедия:Blue Effect

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox musical artist

Blue Effect was a Czech rock band, also operating under the names M. Efekt, Modrý efekt, or The Special Blue Effect, since their formation in 1968. The band's main and only permanent member, from its founding until his death in 2016, was guitarist Radim Hladík, formerly of The Matadors. Blue Effect changed their musical style several times, ranging from rhythm and blues, jazz fusion, to art rock.

Radim Hladik in Prague, 8 May 2010
Radim Hladik performing in 2010

History

Beginnings (1968–1970)

Blue Effect was founded at the end of 1968 by bassist Jiří Kozel, singer Vladimír Mišík (The Matadors, Etc...), and drummer Vlado Čech, who were joined by guitarists Radim Hladík and Miloš Svoboda. Mišík suggested the name The Special Blue Effect, a reference to the "Blue booklet" (Шаблон:Lang-cs), a certificate of exemption from compulsory military service, which most members of the band had obtained. The name was soon shortened to The Blue Effect. At the 2nd Czechoslovak Beat Festival, which took place in December 1968 at Palác Lucerna, the band was named Discovery of the Year.[1] Their first release, 1969's "Slunečný hrob / I've Got My Mojo Working", met with great success and sold more than 50,000 copies. The EP The Blue Effect, which came out the same year, did equally well. At this point, Svoboda left the band and Hladík remained the only guitarist for a long time.

With the advent of Normalization came the repression of rock music, and in 1970, Blue Effect released their first full-length album, Meditace. Many of the album's lyrics had to be rewritten as their original versions were censored. Part of the reason for this was the band's collaboration with musician and activist Jaroslav Hutka, who was on the government's watchlist for his activism. Zdeněk Rytíř took part in rewriting the lyrics for the record. The album was released internationally in 1971 under the name Kingdom of Life, with English lyrics sung by Lešek Semelka, who had joined on keyboards and later became the band's vocalist.

In the middle of 1970, Vladimír Mišík was forced to leave the group. Hladík became the new bandleader and remained so until his death in 2016. Around this time, Blue Effect began to lean more towards instrumental jazz rock, for a number of reasons: the growing popularity of this genre, greater tolerance on the part of censors toward "music of oppressed American minorities", such as jazz, as well as the rigorous demands placed on rock bands to ensure "clean" lyrics.Шаблон:Citation needed The same year, Blue Effect, together with the band Jazz Q, recorded the album Coniunctio, a blend of jazz and rock largely inspired by Ornette Coleman's album Free Jazz.[2]

New name, new albums (1971–1977)

In 1971, Blue Effect, like many other groups, had to switch to using a Czech name—Modrý efekt—which they shortened to M. Efekt. They maintained their jazz-rock focus and joined forces with the Jazz Orchestra of Czechoslovak Radio, with whom they recorded the albums Nová syntéza (1971) and Nová syntéza 2 (1974), and also performed at the International Jazz Festival in 1971. The album Modrý efekt & Radim Hladík followed in 1975. Bassist Jiří Kozel had emigrated to Switzerland in 1972 and was not present on the previous two records. He was replaced by Josef Kůstka.

At the beginning of 1975, Semelka and Kůstka left Blue Effect and formed the group Bohemia. After about six months of unstable lineups, Hladík hired Brno singer and keyboardist Oldřich Veselý and renowned Bratislava bassist Fedor Frešo, who had previously performed in the groups Prúdy, The Soulmen, and Collegium Musicum. In this composition, the ensemble began to lean towards art rock. Frešo's presence in the band made it possible to work in the Slovak milieu, which placed fewer limitations on rock musicians. Nevertheless, M. Efekt continued to have problems with their lyrics and sought inspiration in folk music. In 1977, they recorded the album Svitanie at Opus Records in Slovakia. Shortly after, Frešo left the band due to creative differences.

Final albums, final years (1979–1990)

After Frešo's departure, Semelka returned to the group. The band's next album, Svět hledačů, was released in 1979. The same year, Veselý left and M. Efekt continued as a trio, recording the album 33 in 1981, which was to be their last. Semelka and Čech left the group shortly after.

In the 1980s, the band performed in various lineups and released only a few singles. A number of musicians took turns playing with Hladík, the sole remaining original member. This included vocalists Oldřich Kellner and Luboš Pospíšil, keyboardist Luboš Manda, bassist Radek Křemeňák, and drummers Josef Havlíček and David Koller (Jasná Páka, Lucie). Blue Effect ceased to perform in 1990.

Reunions and revivals (1992, 1999, 2004–2016)

In 1992 and 1999, Blue Effect performed several one-off shows with past members Semelka, Veselý, and Mišík. In 2004, the band was revived by Radim Hladík, who surrounded himself with younger musicians, such as singer and guitarist Jan Křížek, and began to perform regularly.[3][4] Hladík died on 4 December 2016, aged 69, of pulmonary fibrosis.[5] Křížek subsequently announced the termination of the band's activities.[6]

Band members

Шаблон:Div col

  • Radim Hladík – guitar
  • Jiří Kozel – bass
  • Vladimír Mišík – vocals
  • Vlado Čech – drums
  • Miloš Svoboda – guitar
  • Lešek Semelka – keyboards, vocals
  • Josef Kůstka – bass
  • Oldřich Veselý – keyboards
  • Fedor Frešo – bass
  • Oldřich Kellner – vocals
  • Luboš Pospíšil – vocals
  • Luboš Manda – keyboards
  • Radek Křemenák – bass
  • Josef Havlíček – drums
  • David Koller – drums
  • Jan Křížek – vocals, guitar
  • Václav Zima – drums
  • Vojtěch Říha – bass

Шаблон:Div col end

Discography

Studio albums

  • Meditace (1970)
  • Coniunctio with Jazz Q (1970)
  • Kingdom of Life (English version of Meditace – 1971)
  • Nová syntéza (1971)
  • Nová syntéza 2 (1974)
  • Modrý efekt & Radim Hladík (1975)
  • Svitanie (1977)
  • Svět hledačů (1979)
  • 33 (1981)

EPs

  • The Blue Effect (1969)

Live albums

  • Live (2008)

Compilations

  • Beatová síň slávy (2004)

Timeline

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Colors = 

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id:vocals  value:red       legend:Vocals
id:guitar  value:green     legend:Guitar
id:bass    value:blue      legend:Bass
id:drums   value:orange    legend:Drums
id:keys    value:purple    legend:Keyboards
id:flute   value:yellow    legend:Flute
id:violin  value:drabgreen legend:Violin
id:lines   value:black     legend:Studio_albums
id:live    value:gray(0.7) legend:Live_recordings
id:ep      value:gray(0.4) legend:EPs
id:bars    value:gray(0.9)
id:bs      value:gray(0.1)
id:hh      value:gray(0.3)

BackgroundColors = bars:bars

LineData = 

 at:01/06/1970 color:black layer:back 
 at:01/09/1970 color:black layer:back 
 at:01/09/1971 color:black layer:back 
 at:01/06/1974 color:black layer:back 
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 at:01/06/1977 color:black layer:back 
 at:01/03/1979 color:black layer:back 
 at:01/09/1981 color:black layer:back 

 at:21/03/2008 color:live layer:back 

 at:01/06/1969 color:ep layer:back

BarData = 

bar:Misik text:Vladimír Mišík
bar:Semelka text:Lešek Semelka
bar:Vesely text:Oldřich Veselý
bar:Kellner text:Oldřich Kellner
bar:Pospisil text:Luboš Pospíšil
bar:Krizek text:Jan Křížek
bar:Hladik text:Radim Hladík
bar:Netopil text:Petr Netopil
bar:Svoboda text:Miloš Svoboda
bar:Manda text:Luboš Manda
bar:Kozel text:Jiří Kozel
bar:Kustka text:Josef Kůstka
bar:Novy text: Jan Nový
bar:Freso text:Fedor Frešo
bar:Bohacek text:Ladislav Boháček
bar:Kremenak text:Radek Křemeňák
bar:Raba text:František Rába
bar:Riha text:Vojtěch Říha
bar:Cech text:Vladimír Čech
bar:Havlicek text:Josef Havlíček
bar:Koller text:David Koller
bar:Jahn text:Karel >Káša< Jahn
bar:Honig text:František Hönig
bar:Zima text: Václav Zima

PlotData= 

width:11 textcolor:black align:left anchor:from shift:(10,-4)
bar:Hladik from:03/10/1968 till:21/07/1986 color:guitar
bar:Hladik from:01/01/1988 till:01/03/1990 color:guitar
bar:Hladik from:03/01/1992 till:03/01/1992 color:guitar
bar:Hladik from:01/05/1999 till:01/07/1999 color:guitar
bar:Hladik from:31/12/2003 till:13/12/2016 color:guitar
bar:Misik from:01/09/1968 till:01/09/1970 color:vocals
bar:Misik from:01/09/1968 till:01/09/1970 color:flute width:3
bar:Semelka from:01/06/1970 till:28/02/1975 color:keys
bar:Semelka from:01/06/1970 till:28/02/1975 color:vocals width:3
bar:Semelka from:01/07/1977 till:17/07/1981 color:keys
bar:Semelka from:01/07/1977 till:17/07/1981 color:vocals width:3
bar:Semelka from:03/01/1992 till:03/01/1992 color:keys
bar:Semelka from:03/01/1992 till:03/01/1992 color:vocals width:3
bar:Semelka from:01/05/1999 till:01/07/1999 color:keys
bar:Semelka from:01/05/1999 till:01/07/1999 color:vocals width:3
bar:Vesely from:01/04/1975 till:01/07/1979 color:keys
bar:Vesely from:01/04/1975 till:01/07/1979 color:vocals width:3
bar:Vesely from:01/05/1999 till:01/07/1999 color:keys
bar:Vesely from:01/05/1999 till:01/07/1999 color:vocals width:3
bar:Pospisil from:01/01/1988 till:01/03/1990 color:guitar
bar:Pospisil from:01/01/1988 till:01/03/1990 color:vocals width:3
bar:Manda from:01/09/1985 till:21/07/1986 color:keys
bar:Manda from:01/01/1988 till:01/03/1990 color:keys
bar:Netopil from:01/09/1968 till:03/10/1968 color:guitar
bar:Svoboda from:01/11/1968 till:01/04/1969 color:guitar
bar:Kellner from:01/03/1982 till:21/07/1986 color:vocals width:3
bar:Kellner from:01/03/1982 till:21/07/1986 color:guitar
bar:Krizek from:31/12/2003 till:13/12/2016 color:vocals width:3
bar:Krizek from:31/12/2003 till:13/12/2016 color:guitar width:7
bar:Krizek from:31/12/2003 till:13/12/2016 color:keys
bar:Kozel from:01/09/1968 till:01/03/1972 color:bass
bar:Kozel from:03/01/1992 till:03/01/1992 color:bass
bar:Kustka from:01/03/1972 till:28/02/1975 color:bass
bar:Kustka from:01/03/1972 till:28/02/1975 color:violin width:7
bar:Kustka from:01/03/1972 till:28/02/1975 color:vocals width:3
bar:Novy from:01/03/1975 till:01/08/1975 color:bass
bar:Freso from:15/10/1975 till:01/07/1977 color:bass
bar:Freso from:15/10/1975 till:01/07/1977 color:vocals width:3
bar:Bohacek from:01/03/1982 till:15/06/1982 color:bass
bar:Kremenak from:15/06/1982 till:15/06/1985 color:bass
bar:Raba from:01/05/1999 till:01/07/1999 color:bass
bar:Riha from:31/12/2003 till:13/12/2016 color:bass
bar:Riha from:31/12/2003 till:13/12/2016 color:vocals width:3
bar:Cech from:01/09/1968 till:17/07/1981 color:drums
bar:Cech from:15/07/1984 till:15/06/1985 color:drums
bar:Havlicek from:01/03/1982 till:15/07/1984 color:drums
bar:Koller from:01/01/1988 till:01/03/1990 color:drums
bar:Jahn from:03/01/1992 till:03/01/1992 color:drums
bar:Honig from:01/05/1999 till:01/07/1999 color:drums
bar:Zima from:31/12/2003 till:13/12/2016 color:drums

</timeline>

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:Blue_Effect&oldid=13559562