Английская Википедия:Bluegrass fiddle
Шаблон:Short description Bluegrass fiddling is a distinctive style of American fiddle playing which is characterized by bold, bluesy improvisation, off-beat "chopping", and sophisticated use of both double-stops and old-time bowing patterns.[1]
The beginnings of bluegrass music
In the 1940s Bill Monroe and his Bluegrass Boys revolutionized American string band music by incorporating virtuosic instrumental solos and a “high lonesome" vocal style.[2] Bluegrass fiddling was first exposed to national view during the folk revival of the 1960s with the first televised documentary Bluegrass Roots: On The Road With Bluegrass Musicians shot in the Mountain of North Carolina by Bascom Lunsford while auditioning musicians for the Asheville Mountain Music Festival.[3] It was the festival to feature this type of music.
In recent years events have brought renewed interest in bluegrass fiddling: major mainstream performers have recorded bluegrass albums, and the Coen Brothers' released the movie O Brother, Where Art Thou? in (2000), with an old-time and bluegrass soundtrack, and the Down from the Mountain music tour.
Development of the bluegrass fiddling style
Kenny Baker is perhaps the most famed early bluegrass fiddler; he met Bill Monroe and cut a record with the Bluegrass Boys in 1957.[4] Kenny Baker served more years in Monroe's band than any other musician and was selected by Monroe to record the fiddle tunes passed down from Uncle Pen Vandiver. Baker and Monroe composed many of the now classic bluegrass fiddle tunes, leading the way in the development of the bluegrass fiddling style.[5] After leaving the Bluegrass Boys in 1984, Baker played with a group of friends, Bob Black, Alan Murphy, and Aleta Murphy.
Distinctives of the style
Purists
In "Why Old Time is Different from Bluegrass",[6] Allan Feldman argues against the proposal of an "inclusive cover name that would bring oldtime music, bluegrass, clawgrass and dawg music under the same umbrella in order to attract new audiences. The unfortunate trend in this country is to homogenize things. I think old time music stands against homogenization. Having thus staked ground out for himself as a purist, he continues that "he for one celebrates the fact that oldtime music is not bluegrass or dawg music or new grass or even claw grass".[7] Nevertheless, old time influence is strong, even reflected in lyrics such as the reference to old time, actually Scottish/Irish "Soldier's Joy", in "Uncle Pen".[8][9]
Techniques
Bluegrass fiddlers combine from many genres and tend to be highly skilled with strong roots in fiddle rather than violinistic traditions. As such, they can be seen to disregard the rules that violinists follow: they hold the fiddle the "wrong" way and don't necessarily use the chin rests, shoulder rests.[10] Kenny Baker is famous for a "long-bow" style which is reputed to add a smoothness and clarity to the music.Шаблон:Citation needed Notes are often slid into, a technique seldom used by Celtic-influenced stylists outside of bluegrass.[11] Double stops and open tunings are used, as is the full panoply of technique from jazz players such as Stuff Smith and Joe Venuti, and the Western swing technique of players such as Bob Wills.Шаблон:Citation needed
Repertoire
Famous songs from bluegrass roots include "Ground Hog", "Legend of the Johnson Boys", "East Virginia Blues", "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star", "Blue Ridge Mountain Blues", and "Heaven's Light is Shining on Me". "Orange Blossom Special" is often performed by bluegrass fiddlers. See also:
See also
References
Bibliography
- Vassar Clements - Fiddle: Bluegrass Masters Series, Matt Glaser (Editor)
- Kingsbury, Paul (2004). The Encyclopedia of Country Music: The Ultimate Guide to the Music. Oxford University Press. Шаблон:ISBN.
- Rosenberg, Neil (1985). Bluegrass: A History. University of Illinois Press. Шаблон:ISBN.
External links
- Official nonprofit partner of Great Smoky Mountains National Park archival recordings Шаблон:Webarchive
- Шаблон:Curlie
- Richard Greene's Chop technique
- Great fiddle licks
Шаблон:Bluegrass music Шаблон:Appalachian people
- ↑ Haigh, Chris, "Bluegrass fiddle", Fiddling Around the World
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Hussey, Matt, "Bluegrass Roots: On The Road With Bluegrass Musicians" Шаблон:Webarchive, Digital Theatre, retrieved 17 February 2013
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Brody, David, The Fiddler's Fakebook, Oak Publications, 1983
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Diller - Reflections
- ↑ Archived at GhostarchiveШаблон:Cbignore and the Wayback MachineШаблон:Cbignore: Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Cbignore
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Archived at GhostarchiveШаблон:Cbignore and the Wayback MachineШаблон:Cbignore: Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Cbignore
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