Английская Википедия:Bracken Hall Countryside Centre and Museum

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Bracken Hall Countryside Centre and Museum is a children's museum, natural history education centre and nature centre established in 1989 at Bracken Hall on the edge of Baildon Moor, close to Shipley Glen in West Yorkshire, England.

In 2013 the Bradford Council removed their funding of the museum.[1] The Friends of Bracken Hall worked to gather support in order to reopen the museum, and whilst the centre was planned to re-open in late 2015,[2] it was finally re-opened to the public in April 2016 with the help of Baildon Town Council.[3]

Site layout

Museum building and front garden

Файл:Brackenhall 100.jpg
Pentaglottis sempervirens; Geranium robertianum; Ranunculus repens.

Building

This c. 1890s Yorkshire gritstone building was once a bailiff's house, then a farm house,[4] and it still has the original big, old, panelled front door. It is of the traditional rural, symmetrical, four-up, four-down domestic design which was common in the Georgian era and continued throughout the 19th century. This type of house has two rooms each side of the front door, stairs in the middle leading back from the front door, and two upstairs bedrooms each side of the stairwell, with a 19th-century dressing room above the front hall. The walls between front and back rooms are load-bearing, and supported by the two chimneys, which allow fireplaces in all eight main rooms.[5] Bradford City Council has built an extra ground-floor room onto the left hand side,[4] and this contains the museum entrance door and reception. The two original downstairs front rooms are now the Archaeology room and Exhibition room. The public cannot see the two downstairs back rooms, the stairs or the upstairs rooms, which are now accessed from behind the reception desk; therefore the public has access to just a quarter of the original building. The back door leads from the new entrance room to the back garden and the toilets.

Museum layout

Файл:Brackenhall 112.jpg
Baildon Moor and parking, opposite Bracken Hall.

This children's museum[6] and countryside centre specialises in interactive displays for all ages, indoor and out. When the museum is open, the public can walk through the ground floor rooms of the museum, and through the back and front gardens which are dedicated to wildlife discovery. The whole site and surrounding moor and glen are used for public groups on Wild Wednesdays and on guided walks, and for school groups when the museum is closed to the public: all these groups by appointment.[7]

Front garden

This changes with the seasons. In May and June there are many wild flowers, including green alkanet, herb Robert and creeping buttercup.[8] There are bird feeders which attract various finches and tits,[9] and an animal hutch for a rabbit or guinea pig. There is a double gate so that the animal could occasionally be safely let out to graze under staff supervision.[7]

Entrance room

Файл:Brackenhall 047.jpg
Close up of the mounted tawny owl.

Due to the vigorously interactive nature of children, and the transient nature of wildlife, some of the following displays will be regularly replaced with other items of interest.

Video microscope

In the Entrance room next to Reception is a six-foot-high, interactive video microscope. You place a dish of natural objects (for example houseflies) on the lighted tray at the bottom, and move it around until it shows in the video screen at the top. The tray is at child-height to enable youngsters to take part. On the screen a housefly looks bigger than your hand, so that its details might be observed easily.[7]

Файл:Brackenhall 038.jpg
Large interactive video microscope.

Fishtanks and wormery

Along the back wall is a gallery of fishtanks, containing (depending on availability) animals such as tadpoles, bullheads, goldfish and water fleas.[7] In the far corner of the back wall is a wormery.[10]

Honeycomb and remains of wasp nest

On the wall opposite Reception there used to be an indoor beehive with an observation panel for the children, but it was dismantled due to colony collapse disorder.[7] It has been replaced with an information board about bees, and a honeycomb for the children to handle. The wall-display explains bee hierarchy, bee behaviour and hive structure. There is also an information board about wasps. Like the bee board, this board explains behaviour and nest structure, but it also mentions the wasp's usefulness in organic pest control. Below it are the remains of a wasp nest so that the children can compare the papery and waxy textures of the nest and honeycomb.[11][12][13]

Computer nature guide and ID-by-touch box

Файл:Brackenhall 042.jpg
Computer Nature guide.

This computer uses a Dangerous Creatures CD-ROM, a program for children which allows them to learn about wildlife outside the UK while being entertained.[14] It is situated halfway along the wall opposite Reception. Near the computer is an identification-by-touch display of natural objects.

Interactive animal ID displays

On the same side wall opposite Reception there are two interactive boards. One, made of painted plywood, is for young children, and has large wooden handles which cause rabbits, birds and other animals to pop up out of holes in the screen. The other is for slightly older children, and contains safety-glass panels with pictured or mounted animals behind. There is a row of wooden flaps painted with animal pictures. The children try to name the animals, then lift the flaps to read the names.[15]

Mounted birds in glass case

This safety-glass display is behind the entrance door, and set low enough for young children to see some of the mounted birds at eye-level. It contains garden birds, a wren's nest and a tawny owl. This display plays birdsong recordings, which young children can learn quickly. This serves as an introduction to pishing.[16][17]

Reception

Staff at the Reception desk have answer-cards for the various quizzes.

Local archaeology and history room

Файл:Brackenhall 018.jpg
The Heygate stone with cup and ring marks.

This room contains displays of archaeological, geological and local history exhibits which are aimed at both adults and children. The museum's prime exhibit, the Heygate stone, is central. The walls have information boards, and there are various other exhibits here.

Heygate stone

This is one of the nationally important Rombalds Moor cup and ring rocks. They were engraved in the neolithic era, and the larger engraved rocks have been left on the moor as it is thought that their meaning may be associated with the landscape. This more portable rock is in the museum for safety: the plough-marks on the rock indicate one of the reasons for this. The Heygate stone is one of the clearest examples of this type of petroglyph. A cast of the engraving reveals that the two larger ring-marks are superimposed on the others.[18] The stone was found in Near Hey Gate Field near Baildon by a local landowner on 25 September 2001, and it is believed that it was originally a rock with a larger area of 5000-year-old petroglyphs that had been quarried nearby in recent history, then dressed on two sides for wall-building. It is at the landowner's wish that the stone is preserved at the museum, as near as possible to its original site, because it cannot now be returned to the position where it lay in the neolithic era.[19]

Файл:Brackenhall 024.jpg
Prehistoric and medieval artefacts display.

Local finds

This glass case contains neolithic and medieval items found in the Baildon Moor area. There is an iron sickle, and a neolithic burial urn found in 1904 on Pennithorne Hill. There is a medieval jug and a lead spindle whorl found on Hope Hill. From the same place are some neolithic arrow heads, thumbscrapers and piercers - all made of knapped flint. There are also Roman coins, one of which was found in Shipley Glen, across the road.[18][20][21]

Quern-stone

Within reach of children, there is an Iron Age beehive quern-stone with removable wooden handle and plenty of grain for grinding. Visitors are invited to look at a drawing of the inner structure of the object, and to try to work out how to grind the corn.[18] When turning the headstone, you can feel how the grain lessens the friction enough for the headstone to turn easily, while the roughness of the stone continues to provide enough friction to grind the corn: a paradox perhaps, but it works. However, to allow entry of grain, the central wooden spindle of a quern-stone is by necessity very loosely fitted through the hole in the headstone, which means that the headstone can move sideways, and young children's fingers must be supervised.[22][23][24]

Local fossils

Файл:Brackenhall Calamites 034.jpg
Calamites fossil (huge type of horsetail).

There is a display of locally-found fossils including the big Calamites, a horsetail-type, and the little Gastrioceras, a kind of ammonite.[25][26] There are also fossils of Lepidodendron, Stigmaria, Carbonicola, Dunbarella and Lingula: all found in the Baildon Moor area.[18][27][28][29][30][31]

Local geology

There is an information board about local sedimentary rock, with a display of small, loose stones for children to handle. These include ironstone, iron slag, gritstone, coal, sandstone and shale. The information board has a cross-section of Baildon Moor, showing the layers of different sedimentary rock and faults.[18] Children who later walk or picnic on the moor across the road will see the large rocks, weathered to show faults and sedimentary layers.[32]

Local oral history

This is heard via the headphones display.[18] Oral history is vital to preserve a sense of community and identity in the locality.[33]

Front door lobby

In the lobby or original entrance hall you can see the inside of the heavy, panelled, original front door. There is a sheaf of wildlife-identification quiz-sheets, and a board of numbered pictures to identify.[18] The pictures include some unusual specimens, so the quiz is pitched at both adult and child level.

There are various displays and wildlife pictures here, which are regularly rotated according to requirement.

Exhibition and activity room

Файл:Brackenhall 055.jpg
Nature tableau, including mounted weasel with shrew, mounted jay and model of fly agaric.

This would have been the right-hand reception room of the original Bracken Hall farmhouse. It is used as a gallery. The table contains reference books which may assist with part of the wildlife identification quiz.[34] The room is also used for educational group visits.[7]

Display of past and present nature study

This corner display, behind safety-glass, contains evidence which children can use to compare old and new methods of studying botany.[18] For example, they can see the more academic approach of previous centuries, including the obsession with classification[35] and dusty books, together with hand-coloured drawings and a brass optical microscope.[36] They can compare what was once known as botanizing with the modern muddy-boots-and-fieldwork approach, expensive cameras and cheap field-guides.

Autumnal nature tableau

Here is another example of the taxidermist's art.[37] There are autumn seeds to identify in this display,[38] and an opportunity for a close-up view of some of the UK's more shy animals: the weasel, shrew and jay.[18][39][40]

Back garden

Файл:Brackenhall 072.jpg
Herb Robert and Welsh poppy growing in a bath

Back yard

This is accessed via the back door of the Entrance room, or by walking left across the front lawn. In the back yard are the toilets, and an animal hutch.

Side garden

In the side garden there is a raised lawn, with a minibeast trapdoor laid on the bare earth. This allows small invertebrates to shelter under it, and children can expose them by lifting the trapdoor. The trapdoor is light enough for a five-year-old to lift easily. Slugs, snails, earthworms, woodlouse and millipedes are likely inhabitants here.[41][42][43] On the lawn is another animal hutch, a safety cage for beehives - disused due to colony collapse disorder - and a shed with batboxes fixed to the side.[44] There are two old bramley apple trees,[18] and a facsimile cup and ring stone for the children to handle.[45]

Side path

Here is an old bathtub full of wild flowers growing, and a safety cage for the now-disused entrance to the indoor beehive. Bumble bees still constantly try to use the entrance in early summer.[46][47] Wellington boots dry on the bench: it can be muddy here for most of the year.

Pond area

The children's dipping pond is accessed from the side lawn or from the front lawn. It contains yellow flags, tadpoles, frogs, newts, efts and other pondlife.[49][50]

Файл:Brackenhall 085.jpg
Bracken Hall dipping pond, image (1). Tadpoles, and head of smooth newt or eft centre left.
Файл:Brackenhall 086.jpg
Bracken Hall dipping pond, image (2). This photo was taken seconds after image (1). The newt has moved slightly lower, under the vegetation. View at max resolution to see the hidden newt's head.
Файл:Brackenhall 076.jpg
Pond-dipping.

Baildon Moor and Shipley Glen

Across the road from the museum is Baildon Moor[51] which has long been used by the public as a recreation area. There was once a Victorian funfair on the moor,[52][53] and its story can be read on the wall of the Archaeology room. On the moor opposite Bracken Hall there is a neolithic stone circle.[54][55] Five minutes' walk away, on the far side of this bit of moor, is Shipley Glen,[51] where some of the Bracken Hall nature walks take place, and where the Roman coin in the Archaeology room was found.[18][56] There is limited parking on the edge of the moor for visitors to the museum. The museum gardens and moor may be muddy after rain: boots are advisable.

Файл:Brackenhall 107.jpg
Shipley Glen, near Bracken Hall.

References

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Information from museum officer.
  5. ↑ Google books: Georgian domestic buildings with an eye to symmetry.
  6. ↑ Show.me.uk: See these examples of the widespread children's museum movement.
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 7,4 7,5 Information from museum staff.
  8. ↑ Botanicalkeys.co.uk: Wildflower identification site.
  9. ↑ Rspb.org: Bird identification pages.
  10. ↑ Encyclopedia.com: Annelid worms
  11. ↑ cockburn.wa.gov.au: Wasp nest photos: pdf file. Шаблон:Webarchive
  12. ↑ Exscite Trust: Wasp identification: pdf file
  13. ↑ Bees, Wasps and Ants Recording Society: Yahoo Groups
  14. ↑ Heinemann: Dangerous Creatures CD-ROM. Шаблон:Webarchive
  15. ↑ Foundation-stage.info: forum on making interactive wall boards for young children.
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ Rspb.org: link to recording of chaffinch singing.
  18. ↑ 18,00 18,01 18,02 18,03 18,04 18,05 18,06 18,07 18,08 18,09 18,10 Information from exhibit-labels in the museum.
  19. ↑ Megalithis Portal: Article from Bradford Telegraph and Argus about the Heygate stone, with further information in following reply.
  20. ↑ Bradford Council report on Rombalds Ridge, mentioning signs of neolithic activity on Baildon Moor.
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Upper Wharfedale Heritage Group: report by John Cruse of a talk on Yorkshire quern-stones survey.
  23. ↑ British Museum description of a Yorkshire quern-stone.
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  25. ↑ Welcome to Wakefield: Report on West Riding geology, mentioning that some local coal seams were formed partly of calamites.
  26. ↑ West Yorkshire Geology Trust description of Baildon Moor and report of Gastrioceras being found near Crook Farm. Шаблон:Webarchive
  27. ↑ Paleobiology Database: taxonomy for Dunbarella
  28. ↑ Natural History Museum: close-up image of Dunbarella and description.
  29. ↑ Natural History Museum: Stigmaria or Lepidodendron root.
  30. ↑ Natural History Museum: Carbonicola image and description.
  31. ↑ Natural History Museum: Lingula images and links to descriptions.
  32. ↑ West Yorkshire Geology Trust: geological map of West Yorkshire. Шаблон:Webarchive
  33. ↑ Baildon Oral History Group contact details.
  34. ↑ The questionnaires are in the lobby; answers are at Reception.
  35. ↑ Berkeley.edu: Linnaean taxonomy.
  36. ↑ College of Optometrists: the development of 19th century brass optic microscopes. Шаблон:Webarchive
  37. ↑ The other one is the bird-identification display in the Entrance room.
  38. ↑ Saps: Trees and shrubs identification site.
  39. ↑ First Nature: mammal identification guide. Шаблон:Webarchive
  40. ↑ RSPB: bird identification guide.
  41. ↑ Conchsoc.org: Slug and snail identification guide.
  42. ↑ Amentsoc.org: Insect identification guide.
  43. ↑ Amentsoc.org: Introduction to millipedes page.
  44. ↑ First Nature: bat identification guide. Шаблон:Webarchive
  45. ↑ The modern engraving here may possibly have been made in imitation of the stone in Cliffe Castle Museum.
  46. ↑ Nhm.ac.uk: Bumble bee identification guide: drawings.
  47. ↑ Buglife.org: Bumblebee identification guide: photos. Шаблон:Webarchive
  48. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  49. ↑ Froglife.org: Amphibian identification gude. Шаблон:Webarchive
  50. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  51. ↑ 51,0 51,1 Bradford.gov.uk: pdf map of Baildon Moor and Shipley Glen, showing Bracken Hall.
  52. ↑ Aerial Glide, Shipley Glen Pleasure Grounds website.
  53. ↑ Campaigning to save the Aerial Glide at Shipley Glen.
  54. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  55. ↑ The Megalithic Portal: map of stone circles and engraved stones in the Bradford area.
  56. ↑ See Archaeology room section.
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