Английская Википедия:Brazilian diaspora

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox ethnic group

The Brazilian diaspora is the migration of Brazilians to other countries, a mostly recent phenomenon that has been driven mainly by economic recession and hyperinflation that afflicted Brazil in the 1980s and early 1990s, and since 2014, by the political and economic crisis that culminated in the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff in 2016 and the election of Jair Bolsonaro in 2018, in addition to chronic violence in Brazilian urban centers.[1][2][3]

Demographics

Файл:Brazilian Day 2018 New York 07.jpg
Brazilian Day celebration in New York City

There are an estimated 4,4 million Brazilians living abroad,[4]Шаблон:Rp mainly in the U.S. (1,905,000),[5] Paraguay (245,850),[5] Portugal (275,000), United Kingdom (220,000), Japan (206,259),[6] Spain (165,000), Italy (162,000), Germany (138,955) and Canada (122,400).[5]

United States

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There were an estimated 246,000 Brazilian Americans as of 2007.[7] Another source gives an estimate of some 800,000 Brazilians living in the U.S. in 2000,[8] while still another estimates that Шаблон:As of some 1,100,000 Brazilians live in the United States, 300,000 of them in Florida.[9] As of 2022, Brazil's Ministry of Foreign Affairs estimates some 1,905,000 Brazilians living in the United States.[5] Major concentrations are in Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Georgia, Florida, Wisconsin, and California.

West 46th Street has historically been a commercial center for Brazilians living or visiting New York City. In 1995 the city officially recognized it as "Little Brazil Street".

In Massachusetts, there is a very small but significant concentration of Brazilian immigrants in the town of Framingham, which in recent years has spilt out into the neighboring towns of Marlborough and Hudson, among others. In the Brazilian community, it is said that Pompano Beach in Florida has the greatest concentration of Brazilians in the USA. The Brazilian communities in these towns are vibrant, having contributed much to the local cuisine and culture, but Brazilian immigrants often feel discriminated against and are often thought to be illegal immigrants by their non-Brazilian neighbors.[10]

A disproportionate number of Brazilians who have emigrated to the US came from the town of Governador Valadares, in the state of Minas Gerais.

United Kingdom

Шаблон:Main There are no precise figures for the number of Brazilians living in the UK.[11] The 1991 Census recorded 9,301 Brazilian-born people in the UK,[11] and the 2001 Census recorded 15,215.[12] In 2004, the Brazilian Consulate in London recorded 13,000 Brazilians who had voluntarily registered themselves with them, but said this was not an accurate figure for the number living in the UK; the Brazilian Embassy estimated that figure to be about 80,000.[11] The Office for National Statistics estimates suggest that there were 56,000 Brazilian-born people resident in the UK in 2008.[13] In 2015, the Brazilian Consulate estimated a total of 120,000 Brazilians resident in the UK.[14] The ONS estimated that in 2018, 87,000 people born in Brazil were living in the UK.[15] As of 2022, about 220,000 Brazilians live in United Kingdom.[5]

Japan

Шаблон:Main The majority of Brazilians living in Japan are of Japanese descent, and the Immigration Act was altered to allow children and grandchildren of Japanese nationals, as well as their non-Japanese spouse, to receive a work permit easily. Most of them live in industrial areas where there used to be a plenty of job offers at factories, such as Aichi, Shizuoka and Gunma Prefectures, among others. While approximately 300,000 Brazilians lived there at its climax, the economic crisis in 2008 slashed their job and more than a third of them have decided to return to Brazil. As of 2022, the number of Brazilians in Japan continues to decrease. The Brazil's Ministry of Foreign Affairs estimates 206,259 Brazilians living in Japan, while in 2020, there was 209,000 Brazilians in Japan.[5]

Canada

Шаблон:Main

There are an estimated 122,000 Brazilians living in Canada.[16] Major concentrations are in Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, and Calgary.

Germany

Шаблон:MainThe 2022 estimates from Brazil's Ministry of Foreign Affairs shows 138,955 Brazilians living in Germany.[5]

France

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Portugal

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Portugal is another important destination for Brazilians, owing to a common language and given the fact that a significant number of Brazilians already hold Portuguese citizenship (particularly after Portugal modified its nationality law to be able to bestow it upon any grandchild of a verified Portuguese citizen). Cultural similarities are abundant and the Portuguese are fairly acquainted with Brazilian pop culture. Approximately a fourth of all foreigners currently residing in Portugal are Brazilian citizens.

Paraguay

Brazilians and their descendants living in Paraguay are called Brasiguayos. This numerous community of landowners is mainly involved in agriculture.

Mexico

Шаблон:Main

Australia

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Angola

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Statistics

Файл:Map of the Brazilian Diaspora in the World.svg
A world map showing the estimated distribution and concentration of people of Brazilian descent or ancestry by country. Шаблон:Col-begin Шаблон:Col-break Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Col-break Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Col-end
Brazilian Diaspora per Consulate in 2022[5]
Place Consulate Country Population
1 Boston Шаблон:USA 380,000
2 New York City Шаблон:USA 500,000
3 Miami Шаблон:USA 475,000
4 Ciudad del Este Шаблон:PRY 98,000
5 Paris Шаблон:FRA 90,10012
6 London Шаблон:GBR 220,000
7 Los Angeles Шаблон:USA 115,000
8 Atlanta Шаблон:USA 120,000
9 Nagoya Шаблон:JPN 119,298
10 Houston Шаблон:USA 90,000
11 Hartford Шаблон:USA 70,000
12 Lisbon Шаблон:PRT 180,000
13 San Francisco Шаблон:USA 65,000
14 Chicago Шаблон:USA 45,000
15 Milan Шаблон:ITA 92,00010
16 Tokyo Шаблон:JPN 56,079
17 Zurich Шаблон:CHE 37,00015
18 Madrid Шаблон:ESP 90,000
19 Brussels Шаблон:BEL 32,0005
20 Asunción Шаблон:PRY 48,000
21 Buenos Aires Шаблон:ARG 80,000
22 Salto do Guairá Шаблон:PRY 30,000
23 Cayenne Шаблон:Flag 80,000
24 Munich Шаблон:DEU 51,000
25 Washington D.C. Шаблон:USA 45,000
26 Barcelona Шаблон:ESP 75,0008
27 Berlin Шаблон:DEU 40,000
28 Porto Шаблон:PRT 70,000
29 Geneve Шаблон:CHE 40,000
30 Encarnación Шаблон:PRY 33,500
31 Hamamatsu Шаблон:JPN 30,882
32 Sydney Шаблон:AUS 45,00037
33 Bogotá Шаблон:COL 4,065
34 Amsterdam Шаблон:NLD 65,000
35 Toronto Шаблон:CAN 90,000
36 Faro Шаблон:PRT 25,000
37 Rome Шаблон:ITA 70,00010
38 Dublin Шаблон:IRL 70,000
39 Frankfurt Шаблон:DEU 47,955
40 Beirut Шаблон:LBN 21,000
41 Luanda Шаблон:AGO 13,290
42 Georgetown Шаблон:GUY 10,000
43 Paramaribo Шаблон:SUR 30,000
44 Mexico City Шаблон:MEX 40,000
45 Leticia Шаблон:COL 4,000
46 Santa Cruz de la Sierra Шаблон:BOL 20,000
47 Caracas Шаблон:VEN 11,8001
48 Montreal Шаблон:CAN 12,400
49 Canberra Шаблон:AUS 15,00036
50 Pedro Juan Caballero Шаблон:PRY 29,000
51 Santiago Шаблон:CHL 18,644
52 Tel Aviv Шаблон:ISR 15,000
54 Abu Dhabi Шаблон:ARE 6,000
55 Vancouver Шаблон:CAN 15,000
56 ShanghaI Шаблон:CHN 1,153
57 Oslo Шаблон:NOR 10,6989
58 Cochabamba Шаблон:BOL 6,500
59 Guangzhou Шаблон:CHN 3,500
60 Montevideo Шаблон:URY 15,000
61 Stockholm Шаблон:SWE 17,00014
62 Maputo Шаблон:MOZ 3,02922
63 Wellington Шаблон:NZL 6,66338
64 Ramallah Шаблон:PSE 6,000
65 Vienna Шаблон:AUT 85
66 Saint-Georges Шаблон:Flag 2,500
67 Cobija Шаблон:BOL 4,000
68 Concepción Шаблон:PRY 7,350
69 Athens Шаблон:GRC 4,000
70 Copenhagen Шаблон:DNK 4,8007
71 Lima Шаблон:PER 6,572
72 Quito Шаблон:ECU 3,000
73 Rio Branco Шаблон:URY 2,633
74 Cordoba Шаблон:ARG 4,617
76 Amman Шаблон:JOR 2,900
78 La Paz Шаблон:BOL 5,000
79 Artigas Шаблон:URY 23,200
80 Pretoria Шаблон:ZAF 2,50017
81 Ottawa Шаблон:CAN 5,000
82 Warsaw Шаблон:POL 3,000
83 Mendoza Шаблон:ARG 780
84 Puerto Iguazu Шаблон:ARG 1,806
85 Seoul Шаблон:KOR 970
86 Santo Domigno Шаблон:DOM 900
87 Doha Шаблон:QAT 1,000
88 Iquitos Шаблон:PER 350
89 Panama City Шаблон:PAN 4,000
90 Singapore Шаблон:SGP 1,700
91 Moscow Шаблон:RUS 1,00635
92 Taipei Шаблон:TWN 1,705
93 Chuy Шаблон:URY 1,200
94 Beijing Шаблон:CHN 80030
95 Helsinki Шаблон:FIN 2,466
96 San Jose Шаблон:CRI 1,500
97 Budapest Шаблон:HUN 1,091
98 Hong Kong Шаблон:HKG 1,200
99 Havana Шаблон:CUB 179
100 Riyadh Шаблон:SAU 62916
101 Prague Шаблон:CZE 1,500
102 Bissau Шаблон:GNB 450
103 Lethem Шаблон:GUY 700
105 Kuala Lumpur Шаблон:MYS 40527
106 San Salvador Шаблон:SLV 500
107 Jakarta Шаблон:IDN 1,000
108 Guatemala City Шаблон:GTM 500
109 Managua Шаблон:NIC 300
110 Muscat Шаблон:OMN 250
111 Cairo Шаблон:EGY 2,50021
112 Malabo Шаблон:GNQ 30
113 Cape Town Шаблон:ZAF 1,200
114 Guayaramerín Шаблон:BOL 3,000
115 Port-au-Prince Шаблон:HTI 90
116 Mumbai Шаблон:IND 300
117 Kuwait City Шаблон:KWT 280
118 Istanbul Шаблон:TUR 834
119 Tegucigalpa Шаблон:HND 350
120 Rivera Шаблон:URY 4,815
121 Bangkok Шаблон:THA 31028
122 Kingston Шаблон:JAM 260
123 Brazzaville Шаблон:COG 9625
124 Rabat Шаблон:MAR 309
125 Accra Шаблон:GHA 24024
126 Manila Шаблон:PHL 38031
127 New Delhi Шаблон:IND 46032
128 Zagreb Шаблон:HRV 269
129 Belgrade Шаблон:SRB 44113
130 Abidjan Шаблон:CIV 120
131 Windhoek Шаблон:NAM 146
132 Bratislava Шаблон:SVK 400
133 Paso de Los Libres Шаблон:ARG 3,000
134 Ljubljana Шаблон:SVN 346
135 Nicosia Шаблон:CYP 230
136 Nassau Шаблон:BHS 200
137 Nairobi Шаблон:KEN 40019
138 Dili Шаблон:TLS 130
139 Lagos Шаблон:NGA 300
140 Ankara Шаблон:TUR 345
141 Tehran Шаблон:IRN 129
142 Kinshasa Шаблон:COD 120
143 Bucharest Шаблон:ROU 434
144 Dakar Шаблон:SEN 250
145 Dar es Salam Шаблон:TZA 8126
146 Hanoi Шаблон:VNM 307
147 Kyiv Шаблон:UKR 43411
148 Tunis Шаблон:TUN 50
149 Yaounde Шаблон:CMR 7620
150 Sao Tome Шаблон:STP 131
151 Praia Шаблон:CPV 350
152 Tirana Шаблон:ALB 100
153 Bridgetown Шаблон:BRB 293
154 Sofia Шаблон:BGR 1506
155 Tallinn Шаблон:EST 472
156 Ouagadougou Шаблон:BFA 50
157 Astana Шаблон:KAZ 10629
158 Islamabad Шаблон:PAK 5433
159 Belmopan Шаблон:BLZ 30
160 Baku Шаблон:AZE 75
161 Algiers Шаблон:DZA 56
162 Libreville Шаблон:GAB 79
163 Tbilisi Шаблон:GEO 27
164 Katmandu Шаблон:NPL 60
165 Conakry Шаблон:GIN 30
166 Lilongwe Шаблон:MWI 70
167 Lome Шаблон:TGO 18
168 Dhaka Шаблон:BAN 10
169 Addis Ababa Шаблон:ETH 6523
170 Colombo Шаблон:LKA 2034
171 Sarajevo Шаблон:BIH 50
172 Yangoon Шаблон:MMR 13
173 Lusaka Шаблон:ZMB 30
174 Gaborone Шаблон:BWA 20
175 Cotonou Шаблон:BEN 7618
176 Bamako Шаблон:MLI 30
177 Baghdad Шаблон:IRQ 130
179 Castries Шаблон:LCA 14
180 Minsk Шаблон:BLR 25
181 Yerevan Шаблон:ARM 60
182 Vatican City Шаблон:VAT 10
183 Nouakchott Шаблон:MRT 10
184 Puerto Quijarro Шаблон:Flag 3,500
185 Port of Spain Шаблон:Flag 5632
186 Manama Шаблон:Flag 280
187 Damascus Шаблон:Flag 2,600
188 Khartoum Шаблон:Flag 6
189 Harare Шаблон:Flag 10
190 Pyongyang Шаблон:Flag 1
Total 4,404,255[5]

1Data from 2018 - In 2020, Brazil closed its embassy in Caracas during the Venezuelan presidential crisis. The embassy is reopening in 2023.[17]

2The Brazilian Embassy in Port of Spain is responsible for Brazilians in Trinidad and Tobago, Aruba and Curaçao. There are 250 Brazilians living in Aruba, 200 in Curaçao and 113 in Trinidad and Tobago.[5]

3The Brazilian Embassy in Bridgetown is responsible for Brazilians in multiple Caribbean nations, there are Brazilians living in Barbados, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.[5]

5In the case of European Union countries, due to the Schengen Space, Brazilians registered in other consulates or those who hold dual citizenship might live in other countries. The Consulate of Brazil in Brussels is responsible for Brazilians in Luxembourg. There are 8.000 Brazilians living in Luxembourg.[5]

6The Embassy of Brazil in Sófia is also responsible for Brazilians in North Macedonia.[5]

7The Embassy of Brazil to Denmark is responsible for Brazilians in Lithuania.[5]

8 The Consulate of Brazil in Barcelona is responsible for Brazilians in Andorra.[5]

9 The Embassy of Brazil in Oslo is also responsible for Brazilians in Iceland. There are 287 Brazilians living in Iceland.[5]

10The Consulates of Brazil in Italy are responsible for Brazilians in Malta and San Marino.[5]

11The Embassy of Brazil to Ukraine is responsible for Brazilians in Moldova. There are 12 Brazilians living in Moldova.[5]

12The Embassy of Brazil to France is responsible for Brazilians in Monaco. There are 100 Brazilians living in Monaco.[5]

13The Embassy of Brazil to Serbia is responsible for Brazilians in Montenegro. There are 41 Brazilians living in Montenegro.[5]

14The Embassy of Brazil to Sweden is responsible for Brazilians in Latvia.[5]

15The Consulate of Brazil in Zurich is responsible for Brazilians in Liechtenstein.[5]

16The Embassy of Brazil to Saudi Arabia is responsible for Brazilians in Yemen.[5]

17The Embassy of Brazil in Pretoria is responsible for Brazilians in Lesotho and Mauritius.[5]

18The Embassy of Brazil to Benin is also responsible for Brazilians in Niger.[5]

19The Embassy of Brazil to Kenya is responsible for Brazilians in Burundi, Rwanda, Somalia and Uganda. There are 280 Brazilians living in Kenya, 15 in Burundi, 35 in Rwanda, 20 in Somalia and 50 in Uganda.[5]

20The Embassy of Brazil to Cameroon is responsible for Brazilians in Chad. There are 16 Brazilians living in Chad.[5]

21The Embassy of Brazil to Egypt is responsible for Brazilians in Eritrea.[5]

22The Embassy of Brazil to Mozambique is responsible for Brazilians in Eswatini and Madagascar. There are 9 Brazilians living in Eswatini and 20 in Madagascar.[5]

23The Embassy of Brazil to Ethiopia is responsible for Brazilians in Djibouti and South Sudan.[5]

24The Embassy of Brazil to Ghana is responsible for Brazilians in Liberia and Sierra Leone.[5]

25The Embassy of Brazil to Republic of Congo is responsible for Brazilians in Central African Republic.[5]

26The Embassy of Brazil to Tanzania is responsible for Brazilians in Seychelles and Comoros. There is 1 Brazilian living in Seychelles.[5]

27The Embassy of Brazil to Malasya is responsible for Brazilians in Brunei. There are 5 Brazilians living in Brunei.[5]

28The Embassy of Brazil to Thailand is responsible for Brazilians in Cambodia and Laos. There are 15 Brazilians living in Cambodia.[5]

29The Embassy of Brazil to Kazakhstan is responsible for Brazilians in Turkmenistan and Kyrgyzstan. There is 1 Brazilian living in Kyrgyzstan.[5]

30The Embassy of Brazil to China is responsible for Brazilians in Mongolia.[5]

31The Embassy of Brazil to Philippines is responsible for Brazilians in Marshall Islands, Palau, Federated States of Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands and Guam. There are 3 Brazilians living in Guam and 1 living in the Federated States of Micronesia.[5]

32The Embassy of Brazil to India is responsible for Brazilians in Bhutan.[5]

33The Embassy of Brazil to Pakistan is responsible for Brazilians in Afghanistan and Tajikistan. There are 4 Brazilians living in Tajikistan.[5]

34The Embassy of Brazil to Sri Lanka is responsible for Brazilians in Maldives.[5]

35The Embassy of Brazil to Russia is responsible for Brazilians in Uzbekistan. There are 6 Brazilians living in Uzbekistan.[5]

36The Embassy of Brazil to Australia is responsible for Brazilians in Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, Fiji, Nauru and Solomon Islands. There are 5 Brazilians living in Papua New Guinea, 10 in Vanuatu and 5 in Fiji.[18]

37The Consulate of Brazil in Sydney is responsible for Brazilians in French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna, Pitcairn Islands and American Samoa.[18]

38The Embassy of Brazil to New Zealand is responsible for Brazilians in Tokelau, Cook Islands, Niue, Kiribati, Tonga, Samoa and Tuvalu.[5]

References

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External links

Шаблон:Brazilian diaspora