Английская Википедия:Bulgarka Nature Park

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Версия от 17:21, 12 февраля 2024; EducationBot (обсуждение | вклад) (Новая страница: «{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}} {{Short description|Nature park in Bulgaria}} {{Infobox Protected area | name = Bulgarka Nature Park | iucn_category = IV | photo = Bulgarka2.JPG | photo_caption = Bulgarka Nature Park | location = Gabrovo Province, Stara Zagora Province, Bulgaria | nearest_city = Gabrovo | coords = {{Coord|42.82|N|25.34|E|display=inline,title}} | area = 22,000 hectares | established...»)
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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox Protected area

The Bulgarka Natural Park (Bulgarian: Природен парк ″Българка″) is a Bulgarian nature park on the northern slopes of the Balkan Mountains (Stara Planina), occupying 22,000 hectares of territory in the central and eastern part of the mountains between the cities of Gabrovo and Kazanluk.[1]

Located between the steep topography of the Central Balkan and the significantly lower and sloping eastern part of Stara Planina, the region is characterized by significant diversity in terrain. This supports a rich diversity in flora and fauna. Further, due to the area's position in a section of the Balkans that served as a crossroads for the region for centuries, the park is home to many historic sites.[2]

The area's historical and biological significance lead to the establishment of the Bulgarka Natural Park on August 9, 2002.[1]

Fauna

In terms of zoology, the park is in the Balkan region of European fauna.[2][3]Шаблон:Circular reference

Many wild animals, such as the Eurasian wolf, fox, the golden jackal, Eurasian brown bear, wild boar, red deer, roe deer, hare, eastern hedgehog, squirrel, badger, mink and others inhabit the forested lands of the Bulgarka Park. Birds include the golden eagle, the common kestrel, rock dove, great spotted woodpecker, black woodpecker, green woodpecker, cuckoo, common buzzard, owl, white wagtail, turtledove, jay, magpie, raven, hooded crow, blackbird, starling, nightingale, oriole, great tit and others.[2][4]Шаблон:Circular reference[4]Шаблон:Circular reference

Reptiles native to the park lands include three species of snakes as well as lizards and others. Amphibians include several frogs, salamander; invertebrates include snails, tritons and many kinds of insects. Fish include trout, black fish, and others.[2][5]Шаблон:Circular reference

Flora

Файл:Bulgarka7.JPG
Forest fruits (Daphne mezereum) in Bulgarka Nature Park

Forests cover about 80.2% of the park area, or 17,461 hectares. Varieties of beech constitute the largest portion of the forest, at 65%. Other deciduous trees include oaks, water locust, birch hornbeam, linden, elm, acacia, aspen, maple, ash, wild cherry, holly, rowan, birch and others. Coniferous trees found in the park include white and black pine, spruce, fir, white fir and others. Gymnosperm plants covers about 0.6 ha.

This botanical uniqueness — which occurs only in this part of Bulgaria and has includes special combinations of beech, yew, and laurel — makes the park a significant conservation habitat. In Bulgarka Park, designated areas are established to promote greater habitat conservation.[2][6][4]Шаблон:Circular reference

Nearly 70% of the officially recognized medicinal plants in Bulgaria may be found in Bulgarka Park.[2][5]Шаблон:Circular reference

At least 360 plant species including 31 species listed as threatened or endangered, may be found in the park. This includes yew, wild ticket silivryak gesneriaceae, mountain maple, Bulgarian types of orchids, medicinal tweeter, mountain onion cytisus, mountain vetch astragalus, among other. However, as one of the youngest nature parks in Bulgaria, a full classification of all the types of flora and fauna is yet to come.[6][4]Шаблон:Circular reference[4]Шаблон:Circular reference

Cultural heritage

Sites of cultural heritage inside Bulgarka Park include the Shipka Pass, the location of the Battle of Shipka Pass which was pivotal in gaining Bulgarian independence from the Ottoman Empire. The Shipka Memorial commemorates the battle.

Also in the park are the Etar Architectural-Ethnographic Complex, the Sokolski Monastery and Dryanovo Monastery.[7][8][1]

The park is home to the Uzana area, a large mountain meadow high in the Balkans which is a popular winter resort. Uzana has been home to winter sports since the 1930s and has 15 hotels, which provide recreational opportunities year-round.[9]

Gallery

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Wikivoyage

Шаблон:Protected areas of Bulgaria

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:Bulgarka_Nature_Park&oldid=13677488