Английская Википедия:Bwindi Impenetrable Forest
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox protected area
The Bwindi Impenetrable Forest is a large primeval forest located in south-western Uganda in the Kanungu District. The Bwindi forest is on the edge of the Albertine Rift, the western branch of the East African Rift, at elevations ranging from Шаблон:Convert. The forest contains around 160 species of trees and over 100 species of ferns.[1]
Origin of name
The name Bwindi is derived from the Runyakitara word Mubwindi and means "a place full of darkness".[2] This name comes from the extensive stands of bamboo interspersed amongst the larger forest hardwoods. The bamboo and thick ground cover of ferns, vines, and other plant growth severely hinder direct access on foot.[3] Also known as the "Place of Darkness",[4] the forest is on the edge of the western arm of the Great Rift Valley, only a few kilometers from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) border and about Шаблон:Convert north of the Virunga Mountains.
Wildlife
The forest is one of the most biologically diverse areas on Earth.[5] Half of the world's population of the highly endangered mountain gorillas live within its borders.[6][7] The forest has been recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization as a World Heritage Site for its biological significance.
At present the forest is believed to contain 120 mammals species, 348 bird species, 220 butterfly species and 27 frog species. Included among the mammals are forest elephants and yellow-backed duikers. While mountain gorillas are the most notable of the forest's primates, other residents include chimpanzees, blue monkeys, l’Hoest’s monkeys, red-tailed monkeys, vervet monkeys and black-and-white colobus monkeys.[8] The forest's birds include great blue turacos, black-billed turacos, black bee-eaters, African green broadbills, handsome francolins, African black ducks and Cassin’s grey flycatchers.[8]
Socioeconomic struggles
The forest has been described as "Riven by disputes and crosshatched by historical, political, and biological borders" by researcher Craig Stanford, co-director of the park's Jane Goodall Research Center.[9][10] The forest is the traditional home of the Batwa people, a marginalized community within Ugandan society.[11][12]
Establishment of a national park
In 1991, the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park was established, adjacent to the Uganda, Rwanda and DRC border region. The park was created to protect the forest's mountain gorilla population from poachers and habitat destruction. Gorilla treks are led on a daily basis into different sections of the forest so that trekkers can see the mountain gorillas and in so doing generate necessary funds for the protection of these endangered primates. The Batwa people lost their traditional hunting grounds through the establishment of the park.[12]
See also
References
External links
