Английская Википедия:Carbon diselenide
Carbon diselenide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Шаблон:Chem2. It is a yellow-orange oily liquid with pungent odor. It is the selenium analogue of carbon disulfide (Шаблон:Chem2) and carbon dioxide (Шаблон:Chem2). This light-sensitive compound is insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents.
Synthesis, structure and reactions
Carbon diselenide is a linear molecule with D∞h symmetry. It is produced by reacting selenium powder with dichloromethane vapor near 550 °C.[1]
It was first reported by Grimm and Metzger, who prepared it by treating hydrogen selenide with carbon tetrachloride in a hot tube.[2]
Like carbon disulfide, carbon diselenide polymerizes under high pressure. The structure of the polymer is thought to be a head-to-head structure with a backbone in the form of Шаблон:Chem2.[3] The polymer is a semiconductor with a room-temperature conductivity of 50 S/cm.
In addition, carbon diselenide is a precursor to tetraselenafulvalenes,[4] the selenium analogue of tetrathiafulvalene, which can be further used to synthesize organic conductors and organic superconductors.
Carbon diselenide reacts with secondary amines to give dialkydiselenocarbamates:[1]
Safety
Carbon diselenide has high vapor pressure. It has a moderate toxicity and presents an inhalation hazard. It may be dangerous due to its easy membrane transport. It decomposes slowly in storage (about 1% per month at –30 °C). When obtained commercially, its cost is high.[5]
Pure distilled carbon diselenide has an odor very similar to that of carbon disulfide, but mixed with air, it creates extremely offensive odors (corresponding to new, highly toxic reaction products).[6][7] Its smell forced an evacuation of a nearby village when it was first synthesized in 1936.[7] Because of the odor, synthetic pathways have been developed to avoid its use.[8]
References
Шаблон:Carbon compounds Шаблон:Selenides
