Английская Википедия:Cardueae
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Automatic taxobox
The Cardueae are a tribe of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) and the subfamily Carduoideae.[1] Most of them are commonly known as thistles;[2] four of the best known genera are Carduus,[3] Cynara (containing the widely eaten artichoke), Cirsium,[3] and Onopordum.[3]
They are annual, biennial, or perennial herbs. Many species are thorny on leaves, stems, or involucre, and some have laticifers or resin conduits. Almost 80 genera comprising 2500 species are assigned to this tribe,[4] native of temperate regions of Europe and Asia (especially the Mediterranean region and Minor Asia), Australia and tropical Africa; only three[5] genera contain species native to the Americas.[6]
Taxonomy
The correct name for the tribe has been disputed. In 1806, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and Augustin Pyramus de Candolle published the name Cynarocephalae. This is a descriptive name, referring to the bluish colour of the flower heads. Such descriptive names for tribes are not valid under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, which requires them to be based on a generic name. The name has been corrected by some authors to Cynareae, but this was not the name that was published in 1806. Christian Friedrich Lessing published Cynareae in 1830, but Henri Cassini had already published Cardueae in 1819, and as Lessing included Carduus in Cynareae, his name was superfluous.[7][8]
Some authors have divided the plants traditionally held to be in this tribe into three tribes: Cynareae in the narrow sense, Carlineae, and Echinopeae. However, other authors have retained the traditional broader classification.[9]
Subtribes and genera
- Arctiinae Garcia-Jacas & Susanna
- Berardiinae Garcia-Jacas & Susanna
- Cardopatiinae Less.
- Carduinae Dumort.
- Carlininae Dumort.
- Centaureinae Dumort.
- Amberboa Шаблон:Small
- Callicephalus Шаблон:Small
- Carduncellus Шаблон:Small
- Carthamus Шаблон:Small
- Centaurea Шаблон:Small
- Centaurodendron Шаблон:Small
- Centaurothamnus Шаблон:Small
- Cheirolophus Шаблон:Small
- Crocodilium Шаблон:Small
- Crupina Шаблон:Small
- Femeniasia Шаблон:Small
- Goniocaulon Шаблон:Small
- Karvandarina Шаблон:Small
- Klasea Шаблон:Small
- Leuzea Шаблон:Small
- Mantisalca Шаблон:Small
- Myopordon Шаблон:Small
- Nikitinia Шаблон:Small
- Oligochaeta Шаблон:Small
- Phalacrachena Шаблон:Small
- Phonus Шаблон:Small
- Plagiobasis Шаблон:Small
- Plectocephalus Шаблон:Small
- Psephellus Шаблон:Small
- Rhaponticoides Шаблон:Small
- Russowia Шаблон:Small
- Schischkinia Шаблон:Small
- Serratula Шаблон:Small
- Stizolophus Шаблон:Small
- Tricholepis Шаблон:Small
- Volutaria Шаблон:Small
- Zoegea Шаблон:Small
- Dipterocominae Garcia-Jacas & Susanna
- Echinopsinae Dumort.
- Onopordinae Garcia-Jacas & Susanna
- Saussureinae Garcia-Jacas & Susanna
- Staehelininae Garcia-Jacas & Susanna
- Xerantheminae Cass. ex Dumort.
References
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокPaneroFunk
не указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Dittrich, 1977, The Biology and Chemistry of the Compositae 2:1017-1038
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Bremer 1994 Asteraceae: Cladistic and Classification [Tribe Carduae: 112-156]
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>
; для сносокIPNI_60442638-2
не указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite web