Английская Википедия:Careproctus

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Automatic taxobox

Careproctus is a genus of snailfishes found in benthic and benthopelagic habitats in the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic and Southern Oceans. Whether they truly are absent from the Indian Ocean (except for a couple of species in Subantarctic waters) is unknown and might be an artifact of limited sampling.[1] They range from shallow coastal seas in the far north of their range to the abyssal zone, at depths of Шаблон:Cvt.[1][2] In the Northern Hemisphere they mostly live shallower than Paraliparis, but this pattern is reversed in the Southern Hemisphere. Although almost entirely restricted to very cold waters, a single species, C. hyaleius, lives at hydrothermal vents.[1]

Its generic name is derived from the Ancient Greek κάρα (kara, "face, head") and πρωκτός (prōktos, "anus"), therefore literally meaning "butt-face".[3]

Careproctus have one pair of nostrils and a ventral suction disc but lack a pseudobranch.[4] They are tadpole-like in shape and reach up to Шаблон:Cvt in standard length, but most species are far smaller.[5] Like other snailfish, they lack scales and have a loose gelatinous skin; a few species are covered in prickly spines.[2]

Most species of Careproctus are poorly known, but they feed on small animals and some have unusual breeding behaviors: At least C. ovigerus appears to be a mouth brooder where the eggs are carried and develop in the males' mouth.[6] C. fulvus has a commensal relationship with glass sponges, laying their eggs in the paragastric cavity.[7] Several other Careproctus species are parasitic on king crabs (at least Lithodes, Neolithodes and Paralithodes, and likely Lopholithodes), laying their egg mass in the gill chamber of the crab, forming a well-protected and well-aerated mobile "home" until they hatch.[1][8][9] As far as known, these parasitic Careproctus are not host specific, but will use various king crab species, and on occasion an individual king crab may even carry the eggs of more than one Careproctus species at the same time.[9] Additionally, small Careproctus—no more than Шаблон:Cvt long—have been seen together with Lithodes and Paralomis king crabs, hitching rides by attaching themselves to the crab's legs or back.[1] In contrast, a C. reinhardti (species complex[2]) in an aquarium deposited its eggs on the glass, but whether this resembles its wild behavior is unknown.[10]

Шаблон:Multiple image

Species

There are currently about 125 recognized species in this genus,[5][11] but new species are regularly described and it is likely to actually contain more than 140.[12][13] It formerly also included the species now separated in the genus Volodichthys.[14]

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Taxonbar

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 Шаблон:Cite book
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Шаблон:Cite journal
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ Careproctus at Marine Species Identification Portal
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:FishBase genus
  6. ↑ Шаблон:FishBase
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 Chernova, N.V. (2014): New species of the genus Careproctus (Liparidae) from the Kara Sea with notes on spongiophilia, reproductive commensalism between fishes and sponges (Rossellidae). Journal of Ichthyology, 54 (8): 501-512.
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cof genus
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 12,3 12,4 12,5 12,6 12,7 12,8 Шаблон:Cite journal
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  15. ↑ 15,0 15,1 15,2 15,3 15,4 Chernova, N.V. (2014): New species of the genus Careproctus (Liparidae) from the Kara Sea and identification key for congeners of the North Atlantic and Arctic. Journal of Ichthyology, 54 (10): 757-780.
  16. ↑ 16,0 16,1 Orr, J.W. (2012): Two New Species of Snailfishes of the Genus Careproctus (Scorpaeniformes: Liparidae) from the Bering Sea and Eastern North Pacific Ocean, with a Redescription of Careproctus ovigerus. Copeia, 2012 (2): 257-265.
  17. ↑ 17,0 17,1 Stein, D.L. (2012): A Review of the Snailfishes (Liparidae, Scorpaeniformes) of New Zealand, Including Descriptions of a New Genus and Sixteen New Species. Zootaxa, 3588: 1–54.
  18. ↑ Machi, K., Nobetsu, T. & Yabe, M. (2012): Careproctus rausuensis, a New Liparid Fish (Percomorphacea: Cottiformes), Collected from Hokkaido, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Natural Science, Ser. A., Supplement No. 6: 33–40.
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
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