Английская Википедия:Catherine Ann Janvier

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Catherine Ann Janvier (Шаблон:Nee Drinker; May 1, 1841 – July 19, 1922) was an American artist, author, and translator.Шаблон:RШаблон:Efn Before she married, she had an established career as an artist and teacher under the name Catherine Ann Drinker.

Early life

Файл:Catherine Ann Drinker (Janvier), Blessed are the Meek, 1871, three-color lithograph, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.jpg

Catherine Ann Drinker (Janvier), Blessed are the Meek, 1871, three-color lithograph, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts

Catherine Ann Drinker was born on May 1, 1841, in Philadelphia to (Henry) Sandwith Drinker and Susannah Budd (née Shober) Drinker.Шаблон:RШаблон:R Her father commanded ships involved in East India trade and then established a partnership called James and Drinker in Hong Kong and Macao.Шаблон:RШаблон:R He was a merchantШаблон:R or adjacents-ports agent for organizations in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia.Шаблон:RШаблон:Rp Janvier was the oldest of four children. She had a sister and two brothers.Шаблон:R Her brother Robert was born in 1845, Henry was born in 1850, and Elizabeth in 1853.Шаблон:R

Sandwith Drinker lived in Hong KongШаблон:R by 1845Шаблон:RШаблон:Rp and the rest of the family was there about 1849.Шаблон:R Janvier was a friend and correspondent of student Townsend Harris, who became the first Minister to Japan for the United States.Шаблон:R Janvier studied oriental arts, the French and Latin languages, literature, and mathematics.Шаблон:RШаблон:R She was also interested in horse-back riding and dancing.Шаблон:R At tenШаблон:R or fifteen years of age,Шаблон:R one of her father's business associates and a powerful merchant, Hukwa, tried unsuccessfully to arrange a marriage between Janvier and his son.Шаблон:RШаблон:R

The Drinkers were living in the orient during the Opium Wars when the relationships between foreign traders and the Chinese was difficult.Шаблон:RШаблон:Rp The Drinkers lived in Macao by 1857.Шаблон:RШаблон:Rp In January 1857,Шаблон:Efn Sandwith Drinker was poisoned and died of dysentery,Шаблон:RШаблон:RШаблон:Rp believed to be the result of a politically motivated mass poisoning of bread at a bakery. About 400 foreigners "suffered great impairment of health"Шаблон:RШаблон:Rp due to arsenic poisoning.Шаблон:RШаблон:RpШаблон:Efn

Susannah Drinker sailed with her children from China to Baltimore. During the trip, when the captain was drunk, Janvier navigated the shipШаблон:R because the First Officer did not have sufficient ability to read the charts.Шаблон:R Her mother established Mrs. Drinker's Academy for Young Ladies in Baltimore. Susannah Drinker was diagnosed with a uterine tumor and died in March 1860.Шаблон:RШаблон:Efn

Janvier kept the school open for a time, and then closed it to pursue a career in art.Шаблон:R She took the responsibility for providing for the family, including her grandmother.Шаблон:RШаблон:R

Education and art career

Файл:Catherine A. Drinker (Janvier), James Madison, 1875.JPG

Catherine A. Drinker (Janvier), James Madison, 1875, Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Janvier, who studied and worked under the name Catherine Ann Drinker, studied art at the Maryland InstituteШаблон:R with Adolf van der Whelan.Шаблон:R In 1865, Janvier and the other Drinker children moved to their cousin Ann Elmslie's house in Philadelphia at 1906 Pine Street.Шаблон:R Cathrine Drinker took classes at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts,Шаблон:R where she studied under Thomas Eakins.Шаблон:R A life drawing class was established for women at the school in 1868. Ida Waugh and Emily Sartain were among her fellow students.Шаблон:R Janvier taught art at Miss Sanford's School in 1870 and through private lessons.Шаблон:R One of her private students was Cecilia Beaux, with whom she had much in commonШаблон:Efn and became good friends. Cecilia's sister, Aimée Ernesta Beaux, married Henry Sturgis Drinker, Janvier's brother.Шаблон:R

From 1873 to 1874, she ran Francis Adolf Van der Wielen's school, and Beaux was her student at that time.Шаблон:R In the mid 1870s she studied under Thomas Eakins at the Pennsylvania Academy.Шаблон:R In New York, she studied at the Art Students League.Шаблон:R

Файл:Catharine Ann Drinker Janvier, Old-fashioned Music (Guitar Player), 1880.jpg

Catharine Ann Drinker Janvier, Old-fashioned Music (Guitar Player), 1880, Neville-Strass Collection, Florida

Aside from teaching, Janvier also created marketable paintings of people, still-life, and genre scenes that sold for about $300 (Шаблон:Inflation) each painting in New York City. The paintings of Geoffrey Rudel and the Countess of Tripoli (1870), James Madison (1875), Daniel at Prayer (1876) and the lithograph Blessed Are the Meek (1871), all helped to develop her reputation as an artist. Geoffrey Rudel and the Countess of Tripoli was exhibited at the Union League of Philadelphia and James Madison was purchased by the city of PhiladelphiaШаблон:R and is now in the collection of the Independence National Historical Park.Шаблон:R She exhibited her works of art at PAFA from 1876 to the mid-1880s.Шаблон:R Drinker won the Mary Smith Prize in 1880 for The Guitar Player,Шаблон:R which in 1922 was among the collection of the Neighborhood Guild at Peace Dale, Rhode Island.Шаблон:R

At the age of 27, she was the first woman to teach at the academy in 1878.Шаблон:RШаблон:R Janviers gave lectures about perspectiveШаблон:RШаблон:R and wrote the book Lessons in Perspective.Шаблон:R

Marriage

On September 26, 1878, Catherine Ann Drinker married journalist Thomas Allibone Janvier in Drifton, Pennsylvania at St. James Church.Шаблон:R By the mid-1880s, the Janviers had moved to New York City and Catherine has begun a transition from artist to writer. The Janviers enjoyed a happy marriage in which they lived in England among literary circles and in ProvenceШаблон:R between 1883 and 1890.Шаблон:R Their friends included poets and writers Roumanille, Felix Gras, and Mistral.Шаблон:R Besides Europe, the Janviers also traveled to Mexico. When they were not out of the country, they lived in New York City.Шаблон:R They were close friends of William Sharp, who they met in 1892. Catherine was among the first to know that Fiona Mcleod was his secret pseudonym.Шаблон:R

Career transition

Janvier translated a book about painting china that French ceramist Camille Piton-who moved to Philadelphia in 1878 and established an art school- wrote in 1878. Janvier titled the book China Painting in America (1879).Шаблон:R She taught pottery. In 1880 the book Practical Keramics for Students was published.Шаблон:RШаблон:R Janvier translated two books by Felix Gras: The White Terror and The Reds of the Midi. They royalties for the books went to Gras, which helped to fund the education of his sons.

Janvier enjoyed Homer and had an interest in Greek history, partially realized in her manuscript Captain Шаблон:Sic,Шаблон:R which was published in 1935 as Captain Dionysios, A Romance of Old Marseilles under Janvier's name by her brother Henry.Шаблон:R In 1904, her book London Mews was published.Шаблон:R

Both Thomas and Catherine Janvier wrote for Harper's Weekly.Шаблон:R

Janvier was a member of the Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies, London's Pioneer Club, and the Woman's Cosmopolitan Club in New York City.Шаблон:R

Death

Thomas died on June 18, 1913.Шаблон:RШаблон:R Catherine lived on 59th Street in New York from 1913 to 1918Шаблон:RШаблон:R and with her brother Dr. Henry Drinker in Merion, Pennsylvania, by 1921, when she appeared on the Social Register.Шаблон:R She died in Merion at the home of her brother in 1922.Шаблон:R She was the aunt of Catherine Drinker Bowen.Шаблон:R Manuscripts, correspondence, and other papers are held at the New York Public Library.Шаблон:R

Collections

• Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • James Madison, after Gilbert Stuart, circa 1875Шаблон:R
• Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
  • Blessed are the Meek, 1871, three-color lithograph on cream wove paperШаблон:R
  • Old-Fashioned Music, 1880, pen and ink over black and orange pencil on cream paperШаблон:R
  • Man Gazing Heavanward with Cross, three-color lithograph on cream wove paperШаблон:R