Английская Википедия:Circuit Paul Ricard

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox motorsport venue

The Circuit Paul Ricard (Шаблон:IPA-fr) is a French motorsport race track built in 1969 at Le Castellet, Var, near Marseille, with finance from pastis magnate Paul Ricard. Ricard wanted to experience the challenge of building a racetrack. The circuit has hosted the FIA Formula One French Grand Prix intermittently from Шаблон:F1 to Шаблон:F1.

History

First years (1970–1990)

Файл:Circuit Paul Ricard, April 22, 2018 SkySat (cropped).jpg
Satellite view of the circuit in April 2018

Opened on 19 April 1970,[1] the circuit's innovative facilities made it one of the safest motor racing circuits in the world at the time of its opening. The circuit had three track layout permutations, a large industrial park and an airstrip. The combination of modern facilities, mild winter weather and an airstrip made it popular amongst racing teams for car testing during the annual winter off-season.[2]

The original track was dominated by the Шаблон:Cvt long Mistral Straight that is followed by the high-speed right hand Signes corner. The long main straight and other fast sections made the track very hard on engines as they ran at full revs for extended spells. Engine failures were common, such as Ayrton Senna's huge crash during the 1985 French Grand Prix after the Renault engine in his Lotus failed and he went off backwards at Signes on his own oil and crashed heavily, with only light bruising to the driver. Nigel Mansell crashed at the same place in the same weekend during practice and suffered a concussion which kept him out of the race. Mansell's crash was the result of a slow puncture in his left rear tyre causing it to explode at over Шаблон:Cvt, which detached his Williams FW10's rear wing. The Honda powered FW10 holds the race lap record for the original circuit when Mansell's teammate Keke Rosberg recorded a time of 1:39.914 during the 1985 French Grand Prix. During qualifying for the 1985 race, Swiss driver Marc Surer clocked what was at the time the highest speed recorded by a Formula One car on the Mistral when he pushed his turbocharged, Шаблон:Convert Brabham-BMW to Шаблон:Cvt. This compared to the slowest car in the race, the Шаблон:Convert naturally aspirated Tyrrell-Ford V8 of Stefan Bellof which could only manage Шаблон:Convert. Bellof qualified 9 seconds slower than Surer and 12 seconds slower than pole winner Rosberg.

Paul Ricard was inaugurated with a 2-litre sports car race;[3] during the 1970s and the 1980s the track developed some of the best French drivers of the time including four time World Drivers' Champion Alain Prost who won the French Grand Prix at the circuit in 1983, 1988, 1989 and 1990. The circuit hosted the Formula One French Grand Prix on many occasions, the first of which was the 1971 French Grand Prix.

The circuit was also extensively used for testing, especially in Formula One. In 1986, Brabham Formula One driver Elio de Angelis was killed in a testing accident at the fast first turn after the rear wing of his Brabham BT55 had broken off. Although the circuit was not the cause of the crash, it was modified in order to make it safer. The length of the Mistral Straight was reduced from Шаблон:Cvt in length to just over Шаблон:Cvt, and the fast sweeping Verrerie curves where de Angelis had crashed were bypassed. Effectively, after the start, instead of heading into the left hand Verrerie sweeper, cars now braked hard and turned sharp right into a short run that connected the pit straight to the Mistral. This changed the circuit length for a Grand Prix from Шаблон:Cvt to just Шаблон:Cvt. This also had the effect of cutting lap times from Keke Rosberg's 1985 pole time of 1:32.462 in his Williams-Honda turbo, to Nigel Mansell's 1990 pole time of 1:04.402 in his V12 Ferrari.

From 1990 the French Grand Prix was moved to Magny-Cours where it ran until 2008. Paul Ricard hosted the French Grand Prix on 14 occasions between 1971 and 1990. The Long Circuit was used from 1971 to 1985, with the Club Circuit used from 1986 to 1990. On six occasions (1971, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1980 and 1989) the winner at Paul Ricard went on to win the World Championship in the same year. Ronnie Peterson (1973 and 1974) and René Arnoux (1982) are the only Ricard winners who never won the championship.

Recent times (1990–present)

Файл:United Autosports Audi Series.jpg
United Autosports Audi at the 2010 FIA GT3 European Championship Paul Ricard round
Файл:2011 WSR Paul Ricard - Daniel Ricciardo.jpg
Daniel Ricciardo at Paul Ricard during the 2011 Formula Renault 3.5 Series Paul Ricard round

In the 1990s the circuit's use was limited to motorcycle racing and French national racing, most notably until 1999, the Bol d'or 24-hour motorcycle endurance race. The track was also the home of the Oreca F3000 team. After Ricard's death, the track was sold to Excelis, a company owned by Formula One promoter Bernie Ecclestone, in 1999. The track was rebuilt into an advanced test track, and was for a time known as the Paul Ricard High Tech Test Track (Paul Ricard HTTT) before changing its name back to Circuit Paul Ricard.

An aircraft landing strip suitable for private jets is amongst the circuit's facilities. There is a Karting Test Track (KTT) that features the same type of abrasive safety zones as the car track. The track has also hosted some races, including the 2006 Paul Ricard 500km, a round of the FIA GT Championship. Other GT championships have run races here, most notably the Ferrari Challenge and races organized by Porsche clubs of France and Italy.

On 5 December 2016, it was announced that the French Grand Prix would return to the Formula 1 calendar for the 2018 season at Paul Ricard. It was the first French Grand Prix since 2008 (last held at Magny-Cours) and the first at Circuit Paul Ricard since 1990.[4][5] On 19 June 2017, the FIA's World Motor Sport Council in Geneva published its 2018 provisional calendar with the French Grand Prix scheduled for 24 June at Circuit Paul Ricard with the race itself followed immediately by the Austrian Grand Prix at the Red Bull Ring and then the British Grand Prix at Silverstone Circuit.[6] Pirelli Motorsport has planned for a two-day tyre testing for its 2018 Formula 1 tyres at Circuit Paul Ricard in the months of May, June and September 2017.[7] The track remained on the F1 calendar until the 2022 season, after which it disappeared from the calendar again.[8]

Paul Ricard has the 3-star FIA Environmental Accreditation. In a 2021 report, it was ranked the second most sustainable racetrack in the world, together with Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya and behind Mugello Circuit.[9]

Track

Файл:Pescarolo 6h.jpg
2011 edition of the 6 Hours of Castellet

The track is characterised by its Шаблон:Cvt long Mistral straight and elongated track design. The track is also unusual in that it is built on a plateau: it is very flat. In 1986 the track was modified to shorten the circuit, by adding shortcut through to the middle of the Mistral Straight. This shorter circuit was also known as the GP short circuit and was Шаблон:Cvt long. After the modifications in 2000–2005, the track offers 247 possible configurations from Шаблон:Cvt to the full Шаблон:Cvt.[10][11] The track's elevation ranges from Шаблон:Cvt above sea level. Its flexibility and mild winter weather mean that it is used for testing by several motorsport teams, including Formula One teams.

The track is known for its distinctive black and blue run-off areas known as the Blue Zone. The runoff surface consists of a mixture of asphalt and tungsten, used instead of gravel traps, as common at other circuits.[12] A second, deeper run-off area is the Red Zone, with a more abrasive surface designed to maximize tyre grip and hence minimize braking distance, although at the cost of extreme tyre wear. The final safeguard consists of Tecpro barriers, a modern improvement on tyre barriers.[12]

In 2019 the pitlane entry was moved following safety concerns. The entry, which was previously accessed via the main straight, is now situated between the final two corners (turns 14 and 15).[13]

Track configurations

Шаблон:Gallery

Events

Current
Former

Lap records

The official lap record for the current F1 circuit layout (1C-V2) is 1:32.740, set by Sebastian Vettel during the 2019 French Grand Prix. While the unofficial all-time track record is 1:28.319, set by Lewis Hamilton during final qualifying for the aforementioned 2019 race. As of October 2023, the fastest official race lap records at the Circuit Paul Ricard are listed as:

Category Time Driver Vehicle Event
Current Layout with Mistral Chicane (1C-V2): 5.842 km (2005–present)
F1 1:32.740 Sebastian Vettel Ferrari SF90 2019 French Grand Prix
FIA F2 1:44.584 Nyck de Vries Dallara F2 2018 2019 Le Castellet Formula 2 round
Formula Renault 3.5 1:50.855[14] Pierre Gasly Dallara T12 2014 Le Castellet Formula Renault 3.5 Series round
FIA F3 1:52.171 Marcus Armstrong Dallara F3 2019 2019 Le Castellet Formula 3 round
GP3 1:52.551 Anthoine Hubert Dallara GP3/16 2018 Le Castellet GP3 Series round
Euroformula Open 1:54.281[15] Yifei Ye Dallara 320 2020 Le Castellet Euroformula Open round
FTwo (2009–2012) 1:55.837[16] Christopher Zanella Williams JPH1 2012 Le Castellet FTwo round
LMP3 1:54.745[17] Manuel Espirito Santo Ligier JS P320 2023 2nd Le Castellet Ultimate Cup round
Formula Regional 1:57.596[18] Gianluca Petecof Tatuus F.3 T-318 2020 Le Castellet FREC round
GT3 1:59.319[19] Christoph Lenz Lamborghini Huracán GT3 Evo 2019 Le Castellet International GT Open round
Formula Renault 2.0 2:02.549[20] Yifei Ye Tatuus FR2.0/13 2018 Le Castellet Formula Renault Eurocup round
Lamborghini Super Trofeo 2:02.613[21] Loris Spinelli Lamborghini Huracán Super Trofeo Evo2 2022 Le Castellet Lamborghini Super Trofeo Europe round
GT1 (GTS) 2:02.659[22] Enrique Bernoldi Chevrolet Corvette C6.R 2009 FIA GT Paul Ricard 2 Hours
Renault Sport Trophy 2:03.447[23] Шаблон:Ill Renault Sport R.S. 01 2016 Le Castellet Renault Sport Trophy round
Formula 4 2:04.878[24] Kirill Smal Tatuus F4-T014 2021 Le Castellet Italian F4 round
SRO GT2 2:04.879[25] Шаблон:Ill KTM X-Bow GT2 2023 Le Castellet GT2 European Series round
Ferrari Challenge 2:05.070[26] Doriane Pin Ferrari 488 Challenge Evo 2022 Le Castellet Ferrari Challenge Europe round
Porsche Carrera Cup 2:05.504[27] Florian Latorre Porsche 911 (992) GT3 Cup 2021 Le Castellet Porsche Carrera Cup France round
GT2 2:09.245[28] Шаблон:Ill Ferrari F430 GTC 2010 Paul Ricard GTSprint round
GT4 2:09.541[29] Nico Verdonck Aston Martin Vantage AMR GT4 2021 Le Castellet GT Cup Open Europe round
Eurocup Mégane Trophy 2:12.210[30] Albert Costa Renault Mégane Renault Sport II 2012 Le Castellet Eurocup Mégane Trophy round
TCR Touring Car 2:13.334 Gilles Magnus Audi RS 3 LMS TCR (2021) 2022 FIA Motorsport Games Touring Car Cup
Formula BMW 2:15.532[31] Aston Hare Mygale FB02 2012 Le Castellet JK Racing Asia Series round
Alpine Elf Europa Cup 2:15.635[32] Lukas Papin Alpine A110 Cup 2023 Le Castellet Alpine Elf Europa Cup round
Renault Clio Cup 2:26.045[33] David Pajot Renault Clio R.S. IV 2019 Le Castellet Renault Clio Cup France round
Current Bike Layout without Mistral Chicane (1A-V2 Bike): 5.673 km (2018–present)
FIM EWC 1:52.898[34] Illia Mykhalchyk BMW M1000RR 2023 Bol d'Or
Current Layout without Mistral Chicane (1A-V2): 5.770 km (2005–present)
LMP2 1:40.139[35] Nyck de Vries Aurus 01 2020 4 Hours of Le Castellet
LMP1 1:42.541[36] Rinaldo Capello Audi R15 TDI plus 2010 8 Hours of Le Castellet
LMP3 1:48.988[37] Ben Barnicoat Ligier JS P320 2020 1st Le Castellet Le Mans Cup round
Group C 1:49.126[38] Ralf Kelleners Porsche 962C 2022 Dix Mille Tours
LM GTE 1:52.098[35] Andrea Piccini Ferrari 488 GTE Evo 2020 4 Hours of Le Castellet
Formula 3 1:52.828[39] Daniel Abt Dallara F308 2011 Le Castellet F3 Euro Series round
GT1 (GTS) 1:53.343[40] Jos Menten Chevrolet Corvette C6.R 2006 FIA GT Paul Ricard 500km
GT3 1:53.750[41] Jake Dennis Aston Martin Vantage AMR GT3 2019 1000 km of Paul Ricard
LMPC 1:54.627[42] Paul-Loup Chatin Oreca FLM09 2013 3 Hours of Le Castellet
FIM EWC 1:58.386[43] Randy de Puniet Kawasaki ZX-10R 2017 Bol d'Or
JS P4 2:00.019[44] Gillian Henrion Ligier JS P4 2022 Le Castellet Ligier European Series round
JS2 R 2:05.678[44] Viktor Shaytar Ligier JS2 R 2020 1st Le Castellet Ligier European Series round
Short Circuit with Mistral chicane (3C): 3.841 km (2002–present)
Auto GP 1:18.347[45] Kimiya Sato Lola B05/52 2014 Le Castellet Auto GP round
Formula 3 1:21.740[46] Joel Eriksson Dallara F315 2016 Le Castellet F3 round
Formula 4 1:26.970[47] Nerea Martí Tatuus F4-T421 2023 Le Castellet F1 Academy round
TC1 1:30.455[48] Robert Huff Honda Civic WTCC 2016 FIA WTCC Race of France
GT4 1:31.906[49] Adrien Tambay Audi R8 LMS GT4 Evo 2020 2nd Le Castellet French GT4 Cup round
TCR Touring Car 1:35.370[50] Kris Richard Honda Civic Type R TCR (FK2) 2016 Le Castellet ETC round
Super 2000 1:35.578[50] Gabriele Tarquini SEAT León Cup Racer 2016 Le Castellet ETC round
Renault Clio Cup 1:43.715[51] Nicolas Milan Renault Clio R.S. V 2020 2nd Le Castellet Renault Clio Cup France round
Super 1600 1:46.740[50] Шаблон:Ill Ford Fiesta 1.6 16V 2016 Le Castellet ETC round
Original Short Grand Prix Circuit: 3.812 km (1986–2001)
F1 1:08.012 Nigel Mansell Ferrari 641 1990 French Grand Prix
WSC 1:16.870[52] Emmanuel Collard Ferrari 333 SP 1998 International Sports Racing Series Paul Ricard
500cc 1:21.487 Kenny Roberts Jr. Suzuki RGV500 1999 French motorcycle Grand Prix
Formula 3 1:21.770[53] Didier Cottaz Dallara F393 1993 Le Castellet French F3 round
250cc 1:23.559 Loris Capirossi Aprilia RSV 250 1997 French motorcycle Grand Prix
GT2 1:24.447[54] Jean-Pierre Jarier Porsche 911 GT2 1998 4 Hours of Le Castellet
Super Touring 1:26.698[55] Steve Soper BMW 318is 1995 FIA Touring Car World Cup
125cc 1:28.383 Tomomi Manako Honda RS125 1997 French motorcycle Grand Prix
Original Long Grand Prix Circuit: 5.809 km (1970–2001)
F1 1:39.914 Keke Rosberg Williams FW10 1985 French Grand Prix
Group 5 1:50.600[56] Jean-Pierre Beltoise Matra-Simca MS670C 1974 1000 km of Castellet
GT1 1:52.653[57] Anders Olofsson Ferrari F40 GTE 1996 BPR 4 Hours of Le Castellet
500cc 1:59.027 Wayne Gardner Honda NSR500 1988 French motorcycle Grand Prix
Formula 3 1:59.459[58] Olivier Grouillard Martini MK39 1983 Le Castellet French F3 round
250cc 2:03.370 Joan Garriga Yamaha TZ 250 1988 French motorcycle Grand Prix
Group 2 2:09.900[59] Chris AmonШаблон:Efn
Henri PescaroloШаблон:Efn		 BMW 3.0 CSL 1973 Le Castellet ETCC round
125cc 2:13.350 Luca Cadalora Garelli 125 GP 1986 French motorcycle Grand Prix
Original National Circuit: 3.263 km (1970–2001)
Group 5 (Sports 2000) 1:15.800[60] Jean-Pierre Jabouille Alpine A441 1974 Trophée d'Europe Paul Ricard
Formula 3 1:17.060[61] Alex Caffi Martini MK45 1985 FIA European Formula 3 Cup
Group 6 1:17.300[62] Vittorio Brambilla Alfa Romeo T33/SC/12 1977 500 km Le Castellet
World SBK 1:21.890[63] Giancarlo Falappa Bimota YB4 1989 Le Castellet World SBK round

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

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