Английская Википедия:Dagan languages

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox language family

The Dagan or Meneao Range languages are a small family of Trans–New Guinea languages spoken in the Meneao Range of the "Bird's Tail" (southeastern peninsula) of New Guinea, the easternmost Papuan languages on the mainland. They are the most divergent of the several small families within the Southeast Papuan branch of Trans–New Guinea.

Languages

The languages are:[1]

Although clearly related, they are not particularly close. Umanakaina and Ginuman, for example, are only 23% lexically similar.

Pronouns

Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as:[2]

sg pl
1 *n[e/a] *nu
2 *g[e/a] *j[e/a]
3 *me *mV

Vocabulary comparison

The following basic vocabulary words are from SIL field notes (1965, 1967, 1973), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:[3]

gloss Daga Dima Maiwa
head iwa una kwi'.unwa; kuiyunwa
hair igumewa deba gu'mawa; huiawa
ear darinewa taii(na) nau'nawa; naunáwa
eye yamewa yamana yaŋganwa; yaŋ'ganwa
nose ginewa giana ginawa; gi'nunwa
tooth nodonewa wari(na) do'nawa; donáwa
tongue mɛriwa pepa(na) phed'nawa; pedt nawa
leg wana ai'raniwa; beawa
louse kuisin igu kwhi'sin; nagam; usiwa
dog eao kwegawa kwhe'.au; kueyao
pig tuan boro 'bui
bird nɛnip midiwari nenip; ve'khæthu
egg bagua dodopi ba'giwa; gat toda; kokorek bagiwa
blood dɛnip tawayana di
bone kaemewa (e)regura mařɛt'nawa
skin ɛpiwa etona koápiwa; pha'phunwa
breast amewa ama am
tree oma na i; ioma
man apan apana apan; a'phan
woman oaen wawina ve'sin; wɛsin
sun oam gabudara kum; khum
moon siragam dede dut; duth
water kaum oa ioi; yoi
fire oma iarema íam; yaŋ'gawa
stone agim akima agim; 'agim
road, path neigin iyawa ɛbu; 'ɛbu
name yaoa ewani i'vi wa
eat naiwan mɛ 'nane; naiwi
one daiton daiida desi'řoe; désirom
two dɛrɛ uri dúam; duːʌm

Evolution

Dagan reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma:[4]

Daga language:

  • ama 'breast' < *amu
  • meri (nawa) 'tongue' < *me(l,n)e
  • ira 'tree' < *inda

Kanasi language:

  • asi 'ear' < *kand(e,i)k(V]
  • etepa 'bark' < *(ŋg,k)a(nd,t)apu 'skin'
  • obosa 'wind' < *kumbutu
  • oman 'stone' < *ka(m,mb)u[CV]
  • nene 'bird' < *n(e)i

References

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

Sources

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

Шаблон:Southeast Papuan languages Шаблон:Trans–New Guinea languages Шаблон:Papuan languages