Английская Википедия:Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:Infobox settlement Шаблон:Infobox Chinese
Diqing Tibetan Autonomous PrefectureШаблон:Efn is an autonomous prefecture in northwestern Yunnan province, China. Covering an area of Шаблон:Convert, it is bordered by the Tibet Autonomous Region to the northwest, Sichuan province to the northeast, and other parts of Yunnan province to the southwest and southeast; Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture and Lijiang, respectively. Its capital and largest city is Shangri-La.
Diqing Prefecture is divided into three county-level divisions: Shangri-La, Deqin County, and Weixi Lisu Autonomous County. They were all formerly under the administration of Lijiang (located southeast of this prefecture).[1] Diqing Prefecture was established in 1957 and named by its first governor.[1]
Etymology
The prefecture's name is derived from the Tibetan word Шаблон:Bo-textonly (Шаблон:Transliteration), which means "auspicious place". In Chinese, the name is written with the characters Шаблон:Lang (Шаблон:Transliteration) and Шаблон:Lang (Шаблон:Transliteration), which mean "to enlighten" and "to celebrate", respectively.[2] Alternate English names include Dechen and Deqing.[3]
Transport
Air
Diqing Shangri-La Airport, also known simply as Diqing Airport, is one of the biggest airports in the northwest of the Yunnan Province. It is located about Шаблон:Convert from the center of Shangri-La City. There are flights to Lhasa, Chengdu, Beijing (via Kunming), Shanghai Pudong, Shenzhen (via Guiyang), Guangzhou, Kunming and Xishuangbanna. Шаблон:Citation needed
Road
Highways are the main means of transportation to reach Diqing Prefecture. The major highway in this prefecture is China National Highway 214 (a Yunnan-Tibet-Qinghai highway abbreviated "G214").
There are also direct bus routes to Kunming, Lijiang and Panzhihua (Sichuan).
Demography
| Ethnicity | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Tibetan | 127,685 | 32.95% |
| Lisu | 105,397 | 27.20% |
| Han | 64,823 | 16.73% |
| Naxi | 43,447 | 11.21% |
| Bai | 21,208 | 5.47% |
| Yi | 17,759 | 4.58% |
| Pumi | 2,081 | 0.54% |
| Miao | 1,641 | 0.42% |
| Hui | 1,593 | 0.41% |
| Hani | 251 | 0.06% |
| Others | 1,626 | 0.42% |
Subdivisions
Diqing Prefecture is divided into three county-level divisions: Shangri-La, Deqin County, and Weixi Lisu Autonomous County.
| Map | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Tibetan Pinyin | Wylie | Population (2010 Census) |
Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | |
| Shangri-La | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | Шаблон:Bo-textonly | Шаблон:Transl | Шаблон:Transl | 172,988 | 11,613 | 14.89 | |
| Deqin County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | Шаблон:Bo-textonly
|
Шаблон:Transl
|
Шаблон:Transl
|
66,589 | 7,596 | 8.76 | |
| Weixi Lisu Autonomous County | Шаблон:Lang | Шаблон:Transl | Шаблон:Bo-textonly | Шаблон:Transl | Шаблон:Transl | 160,605 | 4,661 | 34.45 | |
History
This prefecture is in the southern part of a historical region called Kham, which belonged to the Tibetan Empire many centuries ago. After the decline of that empire in the 9th century, peripheral areas like southern Kham remained part of Tibet more in an ethnographical than a political sense. As a practical matter, by the mid-1700s, the Tibetan Government had mostly lost control of Kham to Manchu (Qing) China and that situation lasted until the end of the Manchu Dynasty in 1912.[4]
Southern Kham along with other parts of Yunnan were ruled by the Yunnan clique from 1915 until 1927. Then it was controlled by Governor and warlord Long (Lung) Yun until near the end of the Chinese Civil War, when Du Yuming removed him under the order of Chiang Kai-shek.
There are three county-level divisions in this prefecture: Shangri-La (formerly Zhongdian), Deqin County and Weixi Lisu Autonomous County (formerly Weixi) and they all were under the administration of Lijiang.[1] The Autonomous Prefecture was established in 1957 and named "Diqing" by its first governor.[1][5]
During the remainder of the 20th century, the prefecture's capital was called Zhongdian but was renamed on December 17, 2001 as Shangri-La City (other spellings: Semkyi'nyida, Xianggelila or Xamgyi'nyilha) after the fictional land of Shangri-La in the 1933 James Hilton novel Lost Horizon, with an eye toward promoting tourism in the area.[6][7]
On June 25, 2007 the Pudacuo National Park was established on Шаблон:Convert in this prefecture. On January 11, 2014, there was a major fire in the 1,000-year-old Dukezong Tibetan neighborhood of the capital city Shangri-La, causing much damage and hardship.[8]
Notes
References
External links
- Official Website (in Chinese)
- Yunnan-Diqing via chinadiscover.net.
Шаблон:Yunnan Шаблон:Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China Шаблон:Tibetan autonomy in the People's Republic of China
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 "System Evolution", via official website of Diqing government (in Chinese). Accessed April 25, 2015.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Barnett, Robert. Lhasa: Streets with Memories, p. 197 (Columbia University Press, 2010).
- ↑ Goldstein, M.C. "Change, Conflict and Continuity among a community of nomadic pastoralists—A Case Study from western Tibet, 1950–1990" in Resistance and Reform in Tibet (eds. Barnett and Akiner. London: Hurst & Co., 1994).
- ↑ Mackerras, Colin and Yorke, Amanda. The Cambridge Handbook of Contemporary China, p. 209 (Cambridge University Press, 1991).
- ↑ Yü, Dan. Mindscaping the Landscape of Tibet: Place, Memorability, Ecoaesthetics, p. 47 (Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co, 2015).
- ↑ Merkel-Hess, Kate. China in 2008: A Year of Great Significance, p. 255 (Rowman & Littlefield, 2009).
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
