Английская Википедия:Double Pipe Creek

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Шаблон:Short description

Файл:Monocacy.png
Watershed map showing Big Pipe, Little Pipe and Double Pipe Creek

Double Pipe Creek, sometimes called Pipe Creek, is a major tributary of the Monocacy River in Carroll County and Frederick County in Maryland, located several miles north and west of Westminster. The creek is only Шаблон:Convert long,[1] but is formed by the confluence of two much longer streams, Big Pipe Creek and Little Pipe Creek.

Course

The creek's watershed extends as far east as Manchester, Maryland, and includes the towns of Union Bridge, Taneytown, New Windsor and Westminster. The main stem of the creek is formed from the confluence of Big Pipe Creek, Шаблон:Convert long, with headwaters near Manchester; and Little Pipe Creek, Шаблон:Convert long, with headwaters in Westminster.[1] From the confluence, near Detour, Maryland (Шаблон:Coord), Double Pipe flows west for Шаблон:Convert to its mouth at the Monocacy, which drains to the Potomac River. The watershed area of Double Pipe Creek is Шаблон:Convert.

Tributaries include Bear Branch, Big Pipe Creek, Little Pipe Creek, Meadow Branch and Sam's Creek. Double Pipe Creek, the portion of Little Pipe Creek west of Union Bridge, and the western section of Sam's Creek form part of the legal boundary between Frederick County and Carroll County.

Pollution

The Maryland Department of the Environment (MDE) has identified water quality violations for Double Pipe Creek and tributaries, specifically for sediment, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), and bacteria. The principal sources of bacteria appear to be failing septic tanks from residences and/or businesses, pet waste and waste from farm animals (livestock).[2][3] The pollution sources for sediment include agricultural runoff and urban runoff.[4] (Although agriculture is the predominant land use in the watershed, tributaries of Double Pipe Creek flow through portions of Westminster, Taneytown, New Windsor and Union Bridge.)

Proposed Union Mills Reservoir

See Union Mills Reservoir

Since the 1970s, Carroll County commissioners have been proposing a dam or reservoir, defeated in 1976 by petition and raised again under the title of a proposed Union Mills Reservoir.

History

Before the battle broke out at Gettysburg, General Meade had planned a defensive position for the Army of the Potomac at Pipe Creek, making use of its broad slopes and open fields of fire. In the alternate history Gettysburg, by Gingrich and Forstchen, General Lee seizes Pipe Creek as his defensive line.

Шаблон:Coord

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Potomac River System Шаблон:Maryland waters

Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
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Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map Шаблон:Webarchive, accessed August 15, 2011
  2. ↑ Maryland Department of the Environment (MDE). Baltimore, MD. “Total Maximum Daily Loads of Fecal Bacteria for the Double Pipe Creek Basin in Carroll and Frederick Counties, Maryland (Draft).”Шаблон:Dead link June 2007.
  3. ↑ Knauer, Carrie Ann (2010). "County aims to improve water quality in streams." Carroll County Times, 2010-03-11.
  4. ↑ MDE. “Total Maximum Daily Load of Sediment in the Double Pipe Creek Watershed, Frederick and Carroll Counties, Maryland.” September 2008.
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