Английская Википедия:E4 Series Shinkansen

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox train

The Шаблон:Nihongo was a high-speed shinkansen train type operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Japan. They were the second series of completely bi-level Shinkansen trainsets to be built in Japan (the other being the E1 series). They previously operated on the Tōhoku and Jōetsu Shinkansen, and occasionally on the Nagano Shinkansen. E4 series trains feature double-decker cars to accommodate additional commuter traffic around Tokyo and other urban areas.[1] They were often coupled to 400 series trains on the Tōhoku Shinkansen between Tokyo and Fukushima before the latter retired in April 2010 along with the E3 series trains until September 2012. The last trains of the E4 series were withdrawn from regular service on 1 October 2021.

Two eight-car sets can be coupled together for extra capacity: a sixteen-car E4 series formation trainset carries a total of 1,634 seated passengers, the highest-capacity high-speed rail trainset in the world.[2]

26 units were built between 1997 and 2003. As with the earlier E1 series trains, maximum speed was Шаблон:Convert.

Formation

Car No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Designation T1c M1 M2 T Tk Mp Ms Tpsc
Numbering E453-100 E455-100 E456-100 E458 E459-200 E455 E446 E444
Seating capacity 75 133 119 124 110 122 91 43

Cars 4 and 6 were each equipped with a PS201 pantograph.[3]

Variants

Sets P51 and P52, delivered in January and February 2001 were designed to cope with the steep gradients of the Nagano Shinkansen for use on services to Karuizawa.[3]

Sets P81 and P82, delivered in July and November 2003 were designed to cope with the steep gradients of the Nagano Shinkansen, and are also capable of operating under 50 Hz and 60 Hz overhead power supplies for use on services to Nagano.[3]

Файл:Shinkansen E4 - 2021 Sep 30.webm
Outside and inside an E4 Series Shinkansen shortly before it was retired.

Interior

As with the earlier E1 series, the upper deck saloons of non-reserved cars 1 to 3 were arranged 3+3 with no individual armrests, and did not recline. The lower decks of these cars, and the reserved-seating saloons in cars 4 to 8 had regular 2+3 seating. The green car saloons on the upper decks of cars 7 to 8 had 2+2 seating. The trains had a total seating capacity of 817 passengers.[4]

History

Файл:E4+E3 1000 omiya.jpg
Set P5 in original yellow-stripe livery in March 2011

The first E4 series set, P1, was delivered to Sendai Depot on 8 October 1997, with the first sets entering revenue-earning service on the Tohoku Shinkansen from 20 December 1997.[3]

All cars were made no-smoking from the start of the revised timetable on 18 March 2007.[3]

In March 2011, it was announced that the entire E4 series fleet would be withdrawn by around 2016.[5]

In September 2012, E4 series were entirely withdrawn from Tohoku Shinkansen services, and all allocated for use on Joetsu Shinkansen services only.[6] The trains were withdrawn from regular service on 1 October 2021,[7] and were completely retired on 17 October of the same year.

Livery change

Файл:E4 P5 Max Toki 316 Takasaki 20140407.JPG
The first set to be reliveried, P5, in April 2014

From 2014, the fleet of 24 sets still in service began to be repainted, receiving a new livery identical to that previously carried by the E1 series trains, with a toki (crested ibis) pink stripe separating the white on the upper body and blue on the lower body. The first reliveried set, P5, was returned to service in early April 2014,[8] with the entire fleet be treated by the end of fiscal 2015.[9]

Withdrawals

Withdrawals started in July 2013, with sets P2 and P3.[10]

Preserved examples

Файл:Niitsu Tetudou Hakubutsukan E4kei.jpg
Preserved car E444-1 in July 2017

End car E444-1 from set P1 is displayed at the Niigata City Niitsu Railway Museum in Niitsu, Niigata.[11] It was moved by road from Niigata Depot to the museum in the early hours of 20 June 2017.[12]

Fleet list

The build details are as shown below.[3] All units retired from regular service as of 1 October 2021.

Set No. Manufacturer Delivered Reliveried Withdrawn
P1 Kawasaki HI 8 October 1997 12 May 2015 2 April 2016[13]
P2 Hitachi 20 October 1997 - 3 July 2013[10]
P3 Kawasaki HI 27 October 1997 - 26 July 2013[10]
P4 Hitachi 10 February 1999 10 February 2016 15 September 2017
P5 Kawasaki HI 22 February 1999 3 April 2014 5 December 2017[14]
P6 Hitachi 15 March 1999 11 June 2014 13 January 2018[14]
P7 14 April 1999 25 March 2015 29 May 2019
P8 Kawasaki HI 31 May 1999 3 July 2015 20 June 2019
P9 Hitachi 21 June 1999 20 August 2015 12 July 2019
P10 Kawasaki HI 12 July 1999 4 February 2015 7 May 2019
P11 Hitachi 26 July 2000 3 March 2016 28 October 2021
P12 28 August 2000 13 April 2016 24 November 2021
P13 Kawasaki HI 11 September 2000 10 May 2016 20 December 2021
P14 Hitachi 13 October 2000 1 June 2016 18 January 2022
P15 Kawasaki HI 16 October 2000 17 October 2016 17 December 2019
P16 Hitachi 27 November 2000 1 May 2014 24 August 2020
P17 21 March 2001 30 September 2014 14 February 2022
P18 Kawasaki HI 4 June 2001 30 April 2015 22 February 2021
P19 25 June 2001 20 August 2015 18 March 2021
P20 Hitachi 16 July 2001 9 October 2015 26 April 2021
P21 Kawasaki HI 9 October 2001 4 November 2015 27 May 2021
P22 20 November 2001 18 December 2015 21 June 2021
P51 31 January 2001 7 July 2014 25 November 2020
P52 20 February 2001 27 August 2014 5 October 2021
P81 Hitachi 30 July 2003 22 July 2015 7 May 2021
P82 Kawasaki HI 20 November 2003 19 January 2016 30 March 2022

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Shinkansen Шаблон:High-speed rail Шаблон:JR East EMU

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 Шаблон:Cite book
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 10,2 Шаблон:Cite book
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 Шаблон:Cite magazine
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