Английская Википедия:Easdale
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:About Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox Scottish island Easdale (Шаблон:Lang-gd) is one of the Slate Islands, in the Firth of Lorn, Scotland. Once the centre of the Scottish slate industry, there has been some recent island regeneration by the owners.[1] This is the smallest of the Inner Hebrides' inhabited islands and is "home to traditional white-washed cottages, a small pub and disused slate quarries". One of the latter, filled with water, is used for swimming.[2][3]
A ferry sails from Easdale to Ellenabeich (Gaelic: Eilean nam Beathach) on the nearby island of Seil (Gaelic: Saoil), which is separated from Easdale by only a narrow channel.[4] Confusingly, Ellenabeich is sometimes known as Easdale as a result of its traditional connections with the island.
Etymology
In 1549, Donald Monro, "Dean of the Isles" wrote, in brief reference to Easdale, of an island "namit in the Erische Leid Ellan Eisdcalfe"[5][6] However the derivation of "Eisdcalfe" and this word's etymological relationship to "Easdale" is not clear. Haswell Smith (2004) notes that eas is Gaelic for "waterfall" and dal is Norse for "valley".[7] Nonetheless, it is not clear why either description should apply to the island which is low lying and has no waterfalls.
The Gaelic name, Èisdeal (Шаблон:IPA-gd) or Eilean Èisdeal has a long vowel and local folk legend attributes this to a derivation from èist thall "listen to that yonder".[8] Gaelic Place-Names of Scotland states that the first element is obscure, the second Norse dalr.[9] It is not clear if this Èisdeal shares its derivation with Gleann Èisdeal (Glen Ashdale) (Glen of Ash trees)[10] on the Isle of Arran.
Ellenbeich is usually analysed as Eilean nam Beathach (Шаблон:IPA-gd) "island of the animals" but this may be a reflex of an earlier and homophonous form Eilean nam Beitheach "island of the birch trees".[10]
History
Once a centre of the British slate industry, Easdale had a community of more than 500 working as many as seven quarries, some of which extended to Шаблон:Convert below sea level. Easdale slate helped to build major cities of the British Empire and can still be seen on rooftops as far afield as Melbourne, Nova Scotia, Dunedin and Dublin. The great storm of 1850 flooded the majority of the quarries and, as the islanders were unable to extract the floodwater, most were abandoned.[11] The last slate was cut in the 1950s and the once active quarries are little more than still pools which provide a safe haven for a wide variety of flora and bird life.[12]
Nearby the former island Eilean-a-beithich once stood in the Easdale Sound between Easdale and Seil; however, it was quarried to a depth of Шаблон:Convert below sea level leaving only the outer rim of the island. This was eventually swept away by the sea and little visible sign of the island now remains.[11]
By the early 1960s, the population had dwindled to only four people and the island appeared doomed. The island now has a population of around sixty people and is the smallest permanently inhabited island of the Inner Hebrides.[13][14] The Scottish plant collector Clara Winsome Muirhead surveyed the plant life of the island and published The Flora of Easdale and the Garvellachs in 1962.
British indie rock band Florence and the Machine filmed their double-feature music video for their singles "Queen of Peace" and "Long & Lost" on the island, with the videos using the villagers as the cast.[15]
Current ownership
The island is owned by Jonathan Feigenbaum, who operates the Easdale Island Company;[16] he succeeded his late father Clive Feigenbaum (the former chairman of Stanley Gibbons). Clive created local issues of stamps, and Jonathan has continued doing this.[7][17]
Facilities and activities
The island is home to a folk museum owned and operated by the Eilean Eisdeal, a development trust, as well as a bar/restaurant called "The Puffer".[18][19][20] Eilean Eisdeal spearheaded the renovation of the Easdale Island Community Hall, which provides a venue for a wide variety of events.[21] According to Mike Scott of the Waterboys: "The Hall itself is magical. From the first sighting of its pyramid roof and arced frontispiece across the water to stepping off its stage at the end of the concert, it cast a spell on us."[22]
In 2005 the local authority, Argyll and Bute Council, discussed plans to build a bridge between the island and Seil, linking the island to the mainland by road,[23] despite there being no roads on Easdale. A company who operate high speed boat trips to view wild life and other local places of interest in the area have their base on Easdale.[24]
The World Stone Skimming Championship[25] has taken place annually in September on Easdale since 1997. In 2012 the event came under threat after Jonathan Feigenbaum requested £1,000 for using the slate quarry the championship uses. The competition only went ahead after the Press and Journal newspaper offered to pay the fee.[26] A community buyout of the island by residents is now under consideration. Mike Russell, MSP for Argyll and Bute, said: "Not every community will achieve it and not every community should achieve it. But it is a live issue and becomes even more live in circumstances such as these."[27]
The island gets some tourists and has some facilities, activities for visitors, B&Bs and two restaurants.[3]
Images of the island
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The decaying pier of Easdale quarry which was used to load the slate from the nearby quarries
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Easdale ferry terminal
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A sea filled former quarry facing Ellenabeich
See also
Footnotes
Шаблон:Refbegin Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:Refend
References
- Gillies, Patrick Hunter (1909) Netherlorn, Argyllshire, and its neighbourhood. Virtue.
- Шаблон:Haswell-Smith
- Шаблон:Monro
External links
- Eilean Eisdeal
- archive of easdalepeople.org.uk
- Undiscovered Scotland: Easdale
Шаблон:Slate Islands Шаблон:Hebrides Шаблон:Islands of Scotland Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Eilean Eisdeal Trust - Argyll & Islands
- ↑ THE 20 MOST BEAUTIFUL ISLANDS TO VISIT IN SCOTLAND
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Things to do
- ↑ VISIT EASDALE ISLAND
- ↑ Monro (1549) "Eisdcalfe" No. 36. Translation from Scots: "named in the Gaelic language Eilean Eisdcalfe".
- ↑ Gillies (1909) p. 154
- ↑ 7,0 7,1 Haswell Smith (2004) p. 78
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 Шаблон:Gaelic Placenames
- ↑ 11,0 11,1 "Slate Islands - The Islands that Roofed the World" southernhebrides.com. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ This is true only if bridged and tidal islands are excluded. Eilean Bàn, which is part of the Skye Bridge and Eilean Donan, which is tidal, were both inhabited at the time of the 2001 Census and smaller.
- ↑ General Register Office for Scotland (28 November 2003) Occasional Paper No 10: Statistics for Inhabited Islands Шаблон:Webarchive
- ↑ Munro, Alistair (28 June 2015)"Florence and the Machine film music video on Easdale" The Scotsman. Edinburgh. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
- ↑ EASDALE ISLAND COMPANY LIMITED Company number SC106767
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ "Eilean Eisdeal" easdale.org. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
- ↑ "The Puffer Bar and Tearoom" pufferbar.com. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
- ↑ "Eilean Eisdeal" Шаблон:Webarchive. Development Trusts Association Scotland. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
- ↑ "About Easdale: Easdale Island Community Hall" Шаблон:Webarchive. easdale.org. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
- ↑ "Home page: Stay Informed!..." easdaleislandhall.org. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ "Welcome to Seafari" Seafari. Retrieved 18 November 2009.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ "Easdale World Stone Skimming Championships saved by £1,000 donation". (20 September 2012). BBC News. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
- ↑ McKenzie, Steven "What motivates communities to buy land they live on?". (20 September 2012). BBC News. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
