Английская Википедия:Erfreute Zeit im neuen Bunde, BWV 83

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Шаблон:Infobox Bach composition Шаблон:Lang (Joyful time in the new covenant), Шаблон:Nowrap,Шаблон:Efn is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He wrote it in 1724 in Leipzig for the feast Шаблон:Lang (Purification) and first performed it on 2 February 1724.

History and words

Bach wrote the cantata in his first year in Leipzig for the feast Purification of Mary. The prescribed readings for the feast day were from the book of Malachi, "the Lord will come to his temple" (Шаблон:Sourcetext), and from the Gospel of Luke, the purification of Mary and the presentation of Jesus at the Temple, including Simeon's canticle Nunc dimittis (Шаблон:Sourcetext). The gospel mentions the purification of Mary, but elaborates on Simeon who had been told he would not die without having seen the Messiah. The canticle ("Lord, now lettest Thou Thy servant depart in peace") is a constant part of the services Compline and Evensong. The unknown poet also concentrates on this aspect of the gospel and connects it to the listener's attitude to his own death. In the second movement, he comments the words of the canticle "Шаблон:Lang" by recitative.[1] He shapes movement 3 as a close paraphrase of Шаблон:Sourcetext. Movement 4 recalls the last verse of the gospel, the closing chorale expresses the same thought in Martin Luther's words, the fourth stanza of his hymn "Шаблон:Lang".[2][3]

The cantata was possibly Bach's first cantata for the occasion.[4] He first performed it on 2 February 1724 and again in 1727. In 1725 he composed a chorale cantata Шаблон:Lang, on Luther's German version of the Canticle of Simeon, in 1727 he wrote the solo cantata Ich habe genung, BWV 82.

Scoring and structure

The cantata in five movements is festively scored for alto, tenor and bass soloists, a four-part choir in the chorale, two horns, two oboes, solo violin, two violins, viola, and basso continuo.[2]

  1. Aria (alto): Шаблон:Lang
  2. Aria (Chorale and recitative, bass): Шаблон:Lang – Шаблон:Lang
  3. Aria (tenor): Шаблон:Lang
  4. Recitative (alto): Шаблон:Lang
  5. Chorale: Шаблон:Lang

Music

The first da capo aria is richly scored for the full orchestra. Its first section celebrates the "joyful time". The ritornell presents a first motif in upward coloraturas, which is later picked up by the voice, then playful contrasting "choirs" of instruments, and virtuoso figuration of the solo violin. In great contrast the middle section concentrates on "our resting place, our grave", the violin imitating funeral bells by repetitions on open strings.[2]

Movement 2 is singular in Bach's cantatas. It contains the canticle of Simeon, sung by the bass on the eighth psalm tone of Gregorian chant, while a canon is played by all strings in unison and the continuo. After the first verse of the canticle, three sections of secco recitative are interrupted by the canonic music, finally the other two verses of the canticle are treated as the first. The use of psalm tones was already considered an archaism in Bach's time.[1]

In Movement 3 the concertante violin plays endless runs in triplets, to illustrate "Hurry, heart, full of joy", the voice imitates the runs. A short secco recitative leads to the four-part chorale.[2] Bach had used this chorale already in his early funeral cantata Шаблон:Lang (1707 or 1708).

Recordings

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Church cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach Шаблон:Bach cantatas Шаблон:Authority control

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Mincham не указан текст
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Dürr не указан текст
  3. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок chorale text не указан текст
  4. ↑ Der Friede sei mit dir, BWV 158 may have had an earlier origin.
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