Английская Википедия:Excitatory amino acid transporter 1

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Версия от 16:00, 5 марта 2024; EducationBot (обсуждение | вклад) (Новая страница: «{{Английская Википедия/Панель перехода}} {{Short description|Protein found in humans}} {{Infobox gene}} '''Excitatory amino acid transporter 1''' ('''EAAT1''') is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ''SLC1A3'' gene.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SLC1A3 solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 3| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&C...»)
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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox gene

Excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the SLC1A3 gene.[1] EAAT1 is also often called the GLutamate ASpartate Transporter 1 (GLAST-1).

EAAT1 is predominantly expressed in the plasma membrane, allowing it to remove glutamate from the extracellular space.[2] It has also been localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane as part of the malate-aspartate shuttle.[3]

Mechanism

EAAT1 functions in vivo as a homotrimer.[4] EAAT1 mediates the transport of glutamic and aspartic acid with the cotransport of three Na+ and one H+ cations and counter transport of one K+ cation. This co-transport coupling (or symport) allows the transport of glutamate into cells against a concentration gradient.[5]

Шаблон:Gallery

Tissue distribution

EAAT1 is expressed throughout the CNS,[6] and is highly expressed in astrocytes and Bergmann glia in the cerebellum.[7][8] In the retina, EAAT1 is expressed in Muller cells.[9] EAAT1 is also expressed in a number of other tissues including cardiac myocytes.[3]

Clinical significance

It is associated with type 6 episodic ataxia.[10] EAAT1 expression may also be associated with osteoarthritis.[11]

Pharmacology

DL-threo-beta-benzyloxyaspartate (TBOA) is an inhibitor of the excitatory amino acid transporters.[12]

Selective inhibitors for EAAT1 have recently been discovered based on 25 combinations of substitutions at the 4 and 7 positions of 2-amino-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitril.[13]

References

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Further reading

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

External links

Шаблон:Membrane transport proteins Шаблон:Mitochondrial enzymes Шаблон:Glutamate metabolism and transport modulators

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:Excitatory_amino_acid_transporter_1&oldid=14626969