Английская Википедия:Farm Cove, New Zealand

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Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use New Zealand English Шаблон:Infobox New Zealand suburb Шаблон:Adjacent place Farm Cove is a suburb located in East Auckland, New Zealand. The suburb is in the Howick ward, one of the thirteen administrative divisions of Auckland. The Rotary Walkway Reserve runs through Farm Cove.

Geography

Farm Cove is located on the eastern shores of the Tāmaki River. The Wakaaranga Creek forms a border to the north between Farm Cove and Half Moon Bay. A kauri tree fossil forest can be found around the shoreline of Farm Cove at Sanctuary Point, which may have formed after a volcanic eruption around 26,000 years ago.Шаблон:Sfn

History

Māori history

The Farm Cove area is part of the rohe of Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki, who descend from the crew of the Tainui migratory waka, who visited the area around the year 1300. The mouth of the Tāmaki River was traditionally known as Te Wai ō Tāiki ("The Waters of Tāiki"), named after the Ngāi Tai ancestor Tāiki. Tāiki settled with his followers along the eastern shores of the Tāmaki River, alongside the descendants of Huiārangi of the early iwi Te Tini ō Maruiwi. Ōhuiarangi / Pigeon Mountain was an important pā site for Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki, named after ancestress Huiārangi, daughter of Tāmaki of Te Tini ō Maruiwi. The slopes of the mountain and surrounding areas were home to extensive stonefield gardens, and the mountain was an important location for snaring kererū. In approximately the first half of the 18th century, Ngāriki, a rangatira of Ngāi Tai, built a fortified pā at Te Naupata (Musick Point), the headland at the end of the peninsula, called Te Waiārohia (a shortening of Te Waiārohia ō Ngāriki).Шаблон:Sfn The followers of Ngāriki also settled at the Ōhuiarangi pā.Шаблон:Sfn The shores of the Wakaaranga Creek were widely cultivated.

During the Musket Wars in the 1820s, the wider area was evacuated, and the lands became tapu to Ngāi Tai due to the events of the conflict. Most members of Ngāi Tai fled to the Waikato for temporary refuge during this time, and when English missionary William Thomas Fairburn visited the area in 1833, it was mostly unoccupied.

In 1836, William Thomas Fairburn brokered a land sale between Tāmaki Māori chiefs covering the majority of modern-day South Auckland, East Auckland and the Pōhutukawa Coast. The sale was envisioned as a way to end hostilities in the area, but it is unclear what the chiefs understood or consented to. Māori continued to live in the area, unchanged by this sale. In 1854 when Fairburn's purchase was investigated by the New Zealand Land Commission, a Ngāi Tai reserve was created around the Wairoa River and Umupuia areas, and as a part of the agreement, members of Ngāi Tai agreed to leave their traditional settlements to the west.

European settlement

Файл:Sea wall, Farm Cove, Pakuranga, 1973 (cropped).jpg

Newly constructed seawall and housing in Farm Cove in 1973

For the first 100 years of European settlement, Farm Cove was considered a rural area of Pakuranga.Шаблон:Sfn In 1843, settler Joseph Hargreaves purchased 83 acres of land around Farm Cove, and built a residence residence he called Butley, near the site of modern-day Farm Cove Intermediate.Шаблон:Sfn More settlers arrived in the wider area after 1847, when Howick was established as a defensive outpost for Auckland, by fencibles (retired British Army soldiers) and their families.Шаблон:Sfn A ferry operated between the Bramley Drive Reserve Beach and Point England between 1847 and 1865, transporting people across the Tāmaki River.Шаблон:Sfn In the 19th Century, the Gill dairy farm was established at Farm Cove, which supplied Auckland city.Шаблон:Sfn

The suburb was developed by Fletcher Construction in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Fletcher named the suburb after Joseph Hargreaves' farm house,Шаблон:Sfn which was demolished only a few years later in 1972. In 1971, the Pakuranga Junior Sailing Club moved to Farm Cove from Pakuranga, and in 1973 the Farm Cove Shopping Centre was opened.

In 1999, Farm Cove Observatory, a private observatory was established by Fred Goodfellow.

Demographics

Farm Cove covers Шаблон:Convert and had an estimated population of Шаблон:NZ population data 2018 SA2 as of Шаблон:NZ population data 2018 SA2 with a population density of Шаблон:Decimals people per km².

Шаблон:Historical populations Farm Cove had a population of 2,583 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 75 people (3.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 111 people (4.5%) since the 2006 census. There were 846 households, comprising 1,233 males and 1,350 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.91 males per female. The median age was 43.1 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 492 people (19.0%) aged under 15 years, 453 (17.5%) aged 15 to 29, 1,182 (45.8%) aged 30 to 64, and 456 (17.7%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 67.6% European/Pākehā, 5.0% Māori, 2.7% Pacific peoples, 30.2% Asian, and 2.9% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 37.4, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 49.8% had no religion, 38.0% were Christian, 0.1% had Māori religious beliefs, 2.0% were Hindu, 1.0% were Muslim, 1.6% were Buddhist and 2.4% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 699 (33.4%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 204 (9.8%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $39,400, compared with $31,800 nationally. 528 people (25.3%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 984 (47.1%) people were employed full-time, 330 (15.8%) were part-time, and 57 (2.7%) were unemployed.

Education

Farm Cove Intermediate is an intermediate school (years 7-8) with a roll of Шаблон:NZ school roll data, and was established in 1980. Wakaaranga School is a contributing primary school (years 1-6) with a roll of Шаблон:NZ school roll data. The school was opened in 1976, and its name means "The resting place of the canoe". The schools are both coeducational and are on adjacent sites. Rolls are as of Шаблон:NZ school roll data There is also a small public kindergarten, located behind Wakaaranga Primary School.

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite q

External links

• Photographs of Farm Cove held in Auckland Libraries' heritage collections.