Английская Википедия:Florida Platform
The Florida Platform is a flat geological feature with the emergent portion forming the Florida peninsula.
Structure
The platform forms an escarpment between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. The platform's western edge, or Florida Escarpment, is normally defined where water depths at Шаблон:Convert drop dramatically and in a short distance to Шаблон:Convert. The Florida peninsula is located on the eastern side of the platform, where in places it lies only Шаблон:Convert from the platform's edge. On the gulf side the platform ends over Шаблон:Convert to the west of the modern shoreline, where a massive cliff rises over Шаблон:Convert from the Шаблон:Convert depth of the gulf floor. The western reaches of the platform just off Tampa were explored by the submersible DSV Alvin. Examination has placed the depth of carbonate rocks at greater than Шаблон:Convert.
Geology
The platform's basement rocks include Precambrian–Cambrian igneous rocks, Ordovician–Devonian sedimentary rocks, and Triassic–Jurassic volcanic rock. [1] Florida's igneous and sedimentary foundation separated from what is now the African Plate when the supercontinent Pangaea rifted apart in the middle Triassic and possibly early-middle Jurassic. It then secured to the North American craton.[2] One of the early geologic structures is the Peninsular Arch which formed during the Jurassic.
The oldest sediments that are exposed are Eocene carbonates found in the Avon Park Formation. Most of the state of Florida is covered by Pliocene, Pleistocene, and Holocene siliciclastic-bearing sediments deposited during sea-level fluctuations and filling in of the Gulf Trough beginning in the late Tertiary and Quaternary.
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