Английская Википедия:Fowey (UK Parliament constituency)
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Fowey was a rotten borough in Cornwall which returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons in the English and later British Parliament from 1571 to 1832, when it was abolished by the Great Reform Act.
History
The borough consisted of the town of Fowey, a seaport and market town, and the neighbouring hamlet of Mixtow. Unlike many of the most notorious Cornish rotten boroughs which were enfranchised in Tudor times, Fowey had once been a town of reasonable size, and returned members to a national council in 1340, although it had to wait until 1571 for representation in Parliament.
Fowey was a feudal tenure of the Prince of Wales, and by a judgment of 1701 the right to vote was held to rest with "the Prince's tenants",[1] which in practice was interpreted to include all the householders paying scot and lot; there were 331 voters in 1831. However, most of the property in the borough was owned by the Rashleigh family of nearby Menabilly, and in 1816 they and the Earl of Mount Edgcumbe shared the "patronage", each having considerable influence if not quite absolute power to choose one of the MPs.
In 1831, the borough had a population of 1,600, and 340 houses.
Members of Parliament
1571–1629
| Parliament | First member | Second member | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parliament of 1571 | Robert Petre | Thomas Cromwell | |
| Parliament of 1572–1583 | William Russell | Edward Harrington | |
| Parliament of 1584–1585 | Reginald Mohun | William Treffry | |
| Parliament of 1586–1587 | John Bonython | ||
| Parliament of 1588–1589 | John Rashleigh | Arthur Atye | |
| Parliament of 1593 | William Killigrew | Samuel Lennard | |
| Parliament of 1597–1598 | John Rashleigh | Thomas Treffry | |
| Parliament of 1601 | Carew Raleigh | Sir William Courtney, junior | |
| Parliament of 1604–1611 | Henry Peter | Francis Vyvyan | |
| Addled Parliament (1614) | Jonathan Rashleigh | Sir Edward Boys | |
| Parliament of 1621–1622 | John Treffry | ||
| Happy Parliament (1624–1625) | William Noy | Sir Robert Coke | |
| Useless Parliament (1625) | Jonathan Rashleigh | Arthur Basset | |
| Parliament of 1625–1626 | William Murray | ||
| Parliament of 1628–1629 | Robert Rashleigh | Sir Richard Grenville | |
| No Parliament summoned 1629–1640 | |||
1640–1832
| Year | First member | First party | Second member | Second party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 1640 | rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Jonathan Rashleigh | Royalist | Edwin Rich | ||
| November 1640 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Sir Richard Buller | Parliamentarian | |||
| November 1642 | Buller died – seat vacant | |||||
| January 1644 | Rashleigh disabled from sitting – seat vacant | |||||
| 1646 | Nicholas Gould | Gregory Clement | ||||
| May 1652 | Clement expelled[2] – seat vacant | |||||
| 1653 | Fowey was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament and the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate | |||||
| January 1659 | John Barton | Edward Herle | ||||
| May 1659 | Nicholas Gould | One seat vacant | ||||
| April 1660 | John Barton | Edward Herle | ||||
| 1661 | Jonathan Rashleigh | John Rashleigh | ||||
| 1675 | Jonathan Rashleigh | |||||
| 1679 | John Treffry | |||||
| 1685 | Bevil Granville | |||||
| 1689 | Jonathan Rashleigh | Shadrach Vincent | ||||
| 1695 | Thomas Vivian | Sir Bevil Granville | ||||
| January 1701 | John Williams | John Granville | ||||
| December 1701 | John Hicks | |||||
| 1702 | rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | George Granville | Tory | |||
| 1708 | Henry Vincent (junior) | |||||
| 1710 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Viscount Dupplin | Tory | |||
| 1712 | Bernard Granville | |||||
| 1713 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Jermyn Wyche | Tory | |||
| 1715 | rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Jonathan Elford | Tory | |||
| 1719 | Nicholas Vincent | |||||
| 1722 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | John Goodall | Tory | |||
| 1725 | rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | William Bromley | Tory | |||
| January 1727 | rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | The Viscount FitzWilliam | Whig | |||
| August 1727 | rowspan="5" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Jonathan Rashleigh | Tory | |||
| 1734 | John Hedges | |||||
| 1737 | William Wardour | |||||
| 1746 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Captain the Hon. George Edgcumbe | Whig | |||
| 1761 | Hon. Robert Boyle-Walsingham | |||||
| 1765 | rowspan="8" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Philip Rashleigh | Tory | |||
| 1768 | James Modyford Heywood | |||||
| 1774 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | The Lord Shuldham | Whig | |||
| 1784 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | John Grant | Tory | |||
| 1786 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Hon. Richard Edgcumbe[3] | Tory | |||
| 1795 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Sylvester Douglas | Tory | |||
| 1796 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Reginald Pole-Carew | Tory | |||
| 1799 | rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Edward Golding[4] | Tory | |||
| July 1802 | rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Reginald Pole Carew | Tory | |||
| December 1802 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Robert Wigram (senior) | Tory | |||
| 1806 | rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Robert Wigram (junior) | Tory | |||
| 1812 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | William Rashleigh | Tory | |||
| 1818 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | George Lucy | Tory | Hon. James Hamilton Stanhope | ||
| 5 March 1819[5] | Seat vacant (death of Viscount Valletort) | rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Alexander Glynn Campbell | Tory | ||
| 24 March 1819 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Matthias Attwood[6] | Tory | |||
| May 1819 | rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Viscount Valletort | Tory | |||
| 1820 | rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | George Lucy | Tory | |||
| 1826 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Hon. Robert Henley | Tory | |||
| February 1830 | rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | Lord Brudenell | Tory | |||
| July 1830 | style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | | John Cheesment Severn | Tory | |||
| 1832 | Constituency abolished | |||||
Notes
References
- Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807) [1]
- D Brunton & D H Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
- Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808) [2]
- Maija Jansson (ed.), Proceedings in Parliament, 1614 (House of Commons) (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1988)
- J Holladay Philbin, "Parliamentary Representation 1832 – England and Wales" (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965)
- Henry Stooks Smith, "The Parliaments of England from 1715 to 1847" (2nd edition, edited by FWS Craig – Chichester: Parliamentary Reference Publications, 1973)
- Шаблон:Cite Notitia Parliamentaria
- Шаблон:Rayment-hc
- ↑ Oldfield, The Representative History of Great Britain and Ireland, 1816, Volume 3, page 206, quoted on page 316 note 1, Lewis Namier, The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition – London: St Martin's Press, 1957)
- ↑ Clement was expelled from the house for immorality (for "lying with his maid" according to the wording of the motion)
- ↑ Styled Viscount Valletort from August 1789
- ↑ In 1802 Golding was also elected for Plympton Erle, which he chose to represent, and did not sit again for Fowey
- ↑ At the 1818 election Lucy and Stanhope were declared to have defeated Viscount Valletort and Alexander Glynn Campbell, but on petition the result was reversed. However, Valletort had died in the interim and a by-election was held to fill his seat
- ↑ Attwood was initially declared to have defeated Valletort at the by-election, but the result was reversed on petition
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- Rotten boroughs
- Fowey
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