Английская Википедия:Fujinuma Dam
Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox dam The Шаблон:Nihongo,[1] was an earth-fill embankment dam in Sukagawa City, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. It was established on the Ebana River, a tributary of the Abukuma River, Шаблон:Convert west of the city office of Sukagawa City. Construction on the dam commenced in 1937 and it was completed in 1949 after construction was halted due to World War II.[2] The dam's primary purpose was irrigation. It failed on 11 March 2011 after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake.
Failure
On 11 March 2011, the dam failed 20 to 25 minutes after the Tōhoku earthquake as the nearly full reservoir overtopped the dam's crest. Locals reported hearing a loud burst before seeing a flood.[2] The flood washed away five houses while damaging others, disabling a bridge and blocked roads with debris. Eight people were missing and four bodies were discovered after searches began at dawn.[3][4][5] The failure of the earth-fill dam at the Fujinuma reservoir in Fukushima prefecture resulted in eight deaths in a village. [6]
On 12 March, 252 dams were inspected and seven dams were found to be damaged. Six embankment dams had shallow cracking on their crests and the reservoir at one concrete gravity dam had a slight slope failure. Four dams, including the Fujinuma, were inaccessible and could not be inspected.[7]
A preliminary survey of the dam and facilities conducted in April 2011 noted that the breach occurred at the tallest section of the dam.[8] Within the dam's fill, there were layers of organic residual soil that in one area contained a tree stump. The residual soil was used as foundation and in layers as well – above alluvium. This suggests that the foundation for the dam was not prepared properly, according to the study. In addition, the reservoir's auxiliary dam suffered a severe slope failure on its upstream face while areas around the rim of the reservoir had mild slope failures or distress. It could not be confirmed whether the earthquake or a quick draining of the reservoir was the cause of this.[2]
Design
The dam was a Шаблон:Convert tall and Шаблон:Convert long embankment-type with a structural volume of Шаблон:Convert and crest width of Шаблон:Convert. About Шаблон:Convert to the south, there is an auxiliary dam with a height of about Шаблон:Convert and length of approximately Шаблон:Convert.[2] The auxiliary dam helped the reservoir maintain it designed levels given the topography wouldn't allow the single main dam to do so. The dam sat at the head of a Шаблон:Convert drainage area and its reservoir had a capacity of Шаблон:Convert. The reservoir had a surface area of Шаблон:Convert. The dam was built by Shoji Kensetsu and operated by Ebana River Coastal Reclamation District.[1]
Recovery
Reconstruction of the dam started in October 2013,[9][10] and has been completed in April 2017.[11]
See also
References
Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami Шаблон:Dams in Fukushima Prefecture
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/hrl/5/0/5 0 69/ pdfШаблон:Dead link
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 藤沼ダムの決壊原因と復旧方針について - 渡辺健、渡邊浩樹、農業農村工学会誌
- ↑ 【復興版】震災で堤体決壊の藤沼ダム復旧が着工 - 建設通信新聞公式記事ブログ、日刊建設通信新聞社、2013年11月27日
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
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