Английская Википедия:Ganjuran Church

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox church

The Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (Шаблон:Lang-id), also known as the Ganjuran Church (Шаблон:Lang-id), is a Roman Catholic church located in Ganjuran, Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is the oldest church in its administrative regency.Шаблон:Sfn

The church was established on 16 April 1924 by the Schmutzer family, who owned a sugar factory in the area. From a total of 25 Catholics in the area in 1922, the congregation has expanded to 8,000 in 2011. The building has seen many modifications, including reconstruction after the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake. Much critical commentary has been made on its Javanese design, and the church continues to include Javanese culture in its liturgy.

Description

Файл:Ganjuran Church exterior rear (3).JPG
Exterior of the church

Ganjuran Church is located in Ganjuran, Bambanglipuro, Bantul, Шаблон:Convert south of Yogyakarta. It is built on Шаблон:Convert of land and in addition to the church has a parking lot, temple (Шаблон:Lang), residence for pastors, and other maintenance buildings. Шаблон:As of, its total congregation is 8,000, consisting mostly of farmers, merchants, and labourers.Шаблон:Sfn

The main church building is a joglo and is decorated with Шаблон:Convert of traditional Javanese carvings, including parallelograms known as wajikan and wooden pineapples.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The altar features angels dressed as wayang orang characters.Шаблон:Sfn Because of this architecture, the Dutch scholar of Indonesia M. C. Ricklefs has described the church at Ganjuran as perhaps one of the most dramatic manifestations of the Catholic Church's accommodations of Javanese culture,Шаблон:Sfn while the scholars Jan S. Aritonang and Karel A. Steenbrink described the church as "the most spectacular product of ... European-guided indigenous art".Шаблон:Sfn

History

The land on which Ganjuran Church is now located was once part of a sugar factory, run by the Dutch brothers Joseph and Julius Schmutzer. In 1912 they began practising workers' rights as outlined in the encyclical Rerum novarum;Шаблон:Sfn they then began working on establishing educational facilities on the land, with seven boys' schools opened in 1919 and a girls' school opened in 1920.Шаблон:Sfn They also promoted Catholicism amongst their employees.Шаблон:Sfn With the proceeds from their factory, the Schmutzers established St Elisabeth Hospital in Ganjuran, first as a clinic.Шаблон:Sfn They also established Onder de Bogen (now Panti Rapih Hospital) in Yogyakarta proper.Шаблон:Sfn St Elisabeth is now managed by the Order of Carolus Borromeus.Шаблон:Sfn

Also in 1920, Pr. van Driessch, a member of the Society of Jesus who had taught at Xaverius College in Muntilan, began giving sermons and working to establish a Catholic community in the area. By 1922 there were 22 native Javanese Catholics, a number that increased rapidly.Шаблон:Sfn On 16 April 1924 the Schmutzers established a church on their grounds, with van Driessch as its first pastor.Шаблон:Sfn The carvings and other facets were worked on by a Javanese sculptor named Iko.Шаблон:Sfn

Файл:2DSC06389A Christ as a Javanese Prince, Ganjuran, Bantul, Java, Indonesia.jpg
Depiction of Jesus as a Javanese king

Three years later the congregation began construction of a Шаблон:Convert tall Hindu-styled temple (Шаблон:Lang), resembling the one at Prambanan Temple;Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Iko set statues of Mary and Jesus as Javanese royalty and teachers, which were adorned with batik motives.Шаблон:Sfn Stones were taken from the slopes of Mount Merapi to the north, while the entrance was pointed to southern sea; this orientation reflected a Javanese belief in the harmony between north and south.Шаблон:Sfn The temple was consecrated on 11 February 1930 by Bishop of Batavia Antonius van Velsen.Шаблон:Sfn

Van Driessch died in 1934Шаблон:Sfn and was replaced by Jesuit Father Albertus Soegijapranata as pastor;Шаблон:Sfn Soegijapranata served concurrently as pastor of Ganjuran and Bintaran. In this year the congregation totalled 1,350 people.Шаблон:Sfn The Schmutzers returned to the Netherlands that year. During the Indonesian National Revolution the sugar factory was razed, but the schools, church, and hospital survived. In 1947 Fr. Justinus Darmojuwono became pastor, serving until 1950.Шаблон:Sfn

In 1981 the accommodations for pastors were expanded under Suryosudarmo,Шаблон:Sfn and seven years later, under Fr. Gregorius Utomo, the church began emphasising its Javanese influences. In 1990, the Federation of Asian Bishops' Conferences held a conference on agriculture and farmers' issues. Since 1995 the church has focused on its temple, and through donations has added reliefs depicting fifteen Stations of the Cross;Шаблон:Sfn the reliefs had initially been planned by the Schmutzers.Шаблон:Sfn After the old church was destroyed in the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake, the church was redesigned in a Javanese style.Шаблон:Sfn The reconstruction cost Rp 7 billion (US$900,000).Шаблон:Sfn

Activities at the church include regular Mass, economic programmes, and celebrations of special events.Шаблон:Sfn Liturgy can be in Javanese or Indonesian, and at times Javanese attire is required.Шаблон:Sfn There may also be gamelan music and keroncong performances.Шаблон:Sfn

Gallery

See also

Шаблон:Commons category

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Sources

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