Английская Википедия:General of the Artillery (Austria)
Шаблон:Short description General of the Artillery (Шаблон:Lang) was a historical military rank in some German and Austro-Hungarian armies, specifically in artillery. It was commonly used in the 16th and 17th centuries, and survived until the beginning of the 20th century in some European countries. In the army of the Habsburg Empire, the rank of Шаблон:Lang was equivalent with lieutenant general.[1]
Etymology
The German term Шаблон:Lang literally translates as "ordnance master" or "gun master". (Feld- means battlefield, as used in the German title for field marshal (Feldmarschall), and -zeug- refers to the guns used by the artillery.) In French, the equivalent expression was Шаблон:Ill, used since the days of Philip VI of France (Шаблон:Reign).Шаблон:Citation needed
Military rank
Originally, the ranks above Шаблон:Lang were Feldhauptmann and Feldmarschall.Шаблон:Citation needed The third most important person in the army was the Шаблон:Lang. Although the expression was common in the German artillery, Austrian, Hungarian and French militias also used the title.Шаблон:Citation needed The position of a Шаблон:Lang differed by German states. In Austria-Hungary, the Шаблон:Lang was one of three separate general of the branch ranks.
In 1898, the Ministry of War of the Kingdom of Prussia created the position of a Шаблон:Lang which was comparable to the commander of a division. The Шаблон:Lang was in charge of delivering weapons, ammunition and personnel.Шаблон:Citation needed
In Bavaria of 1906, the inspection of weapons was organised by the department of the Шаблон:Lang.Шаблон:Citation needed
Austro-Hungarian Army
Шаблон:See alsoIn the Austrian and Hungarian service, Шаблон:Lang (in Hungarian Táborszernagy) had a different meaning. During the Napoleonic Wars, the Шаблон:Lang held the rank just above Feldmarschallleutnant and just below Feldmarschall (field marshal). It was a roughly equivalent rank to full general. Шаблон:Lang was equal to general of the infantry (Шаблон:Lang) and general of the cavalry (Шаблон:Lang).Шаблон:Citation needed It remained the second highest rank of the Austrian army until the creation of colonel-general (Шаблон:Lang) in 1915.Шаблон:Citation needed Originally members of the infantry and artillery were given this rank, while members of the cavalry would become generals of the cavalry. From 1908 onwards the rank Шаблон:Lang was given to members of the artillery only.
| Junior rank Feldmarschallleutnant |
Файл:Austrian Imperial Standard - Infantry pattern mix early 19th century.svg Austro-Hungarian armed forces rank Шаблон:Lang |
Senior rank Шаблон:Lang |
See also
References
External links
