Английская Википедия:Gornergrat Railway

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox rail line

Файл:Aerial panorama of the Gornergrat 170622.jpg
Aerial panorama of the Gornergrat

The Gornergrat Railway (Шаблон:Lang-de; GGB) is a mountain rack railway, located in the Swiss canton of Valais. It links the resort village of Zermatt, situated at Шаблон:Convert above mean sea level, to the summit of the Gornergrat. The Gornergrat railway station is situated at an altitude of Шаблон:Convert, which makes the Gornergrat Railway the second highest railway in Europe after the Jungfrau, and the highest open-air railway of the continent. The line opened in 1898, and was the first electric rack railway to be built in Switzerland.[1][2][3] The Gornergrat is a starting point for many hikes, as it lies surrounded by 29 peaks rising above Шаблон:Convert in the Alps and several glaciers, including the Gorner Glacier (which is billed as the second longest glacier in the Alps). At the end of the line on Gornergrat, the Matterhorn is visible on a clear day. It is also a popular skiing area.[3]

The Gornergrat Railway Ltd (Gornergrat Bahn AG) is a wholly owned subsidiary of BVZ Holdings AG, who are also the majority owners of the Matterhorn Gotthard Verkehrs AG, the company that operates the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn (MGB), with which the GGB connects in Zermatt.[3][4]

History

Work on the railway started in 1896, five years after the Visp-Zermatt-Bahn had linked Zermatt to Visp and the Rhone Valley. The line opened on August 20, 1898, and was electrified from the start. Initially it only operated in summer, but year-round operation was extended to the lower section of the line in 1929, and to the summit in 1941.[3][5] The Gornegrat Railway was the highest railway in Europe until the opening of the Jungfrau Railway in 1912.

The upper terminal was remodelled in 2004.Шаблон:Citation needed

Operation

Route

There are several passenger stops on the line:[6][7]

Station Distance Height (AMSL) Notes
Zermatt GGB
0.00
 Link to Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn and the Zermatt–Sunnegga funicular
Findelbach
Riffelalp Link to the Riffelalp tram, providing connection to Riffelalp Resort
Riffelberg With a three-star hotel
Rotenboden
Gornergrat With a three-star hotel and observatory

There are also freight-only stations at Ladegleis Findelbach, which is on a short branch from the passenger station at Findelbach, and at Riffelboden, which is situated between Riffelalp and Riffelberg passenger stations.[7]

Infrastructure

The line is Шаблон:Convert in length, including Шаблон:Convert of double track, and traverses an altitude difference of Шаблон:Convert. It is built to metre gauge (Шаблон:RailGauge) and uses the Abt rack system throughout. It is one of four lines in the world using three-phase electric power, requiring two overhead conductors, with the track forming the third conductor.[1][2] There is a non-powered connection with the metre gauge Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn at Zermatt to allow transfer of freight and delivery of rolling stock.

Rolling stock

The line uses the following rolling stock:[7]

Image Numbers Notation Year Notes
Файл:GGB 3001.jpg 3001–3003 He 2/2 1898 Locomotives. Unit 3002 is displayed on a roundabout at Stalden, while 3003 is displayed at the Gornergrat railway station with gold paint as of September 2023.
3015 Dhe 2/4 Baggage car, rebuilt from sister car to 3019-3022
Файл:2012-08-17 15-31-24 Switzerland Canton du Valais Blatten.JPG 3017 Xhe 2/4 Works car, rebuilt from sister car to 3019-3022. Carries re-railing equipment and equipment to apply anti-freeze to the overhead wires.
Файл:Riffelberg station.jpg 3019-3022 Bhe 2/4 1947-61 Single unit railcars, remaining four cars of a once much larger class (3011-3022). Two other members of this class have been rebuilt (3015/3017), the remainder have been scrapped.
Файл:Trains du Gornergrat 4.jpg 3041-3044 Bhe 4/8 1965-75 Twin unit railcars
Файл:GGB Bhe 4-8 Riffelboden.jpg 3051-3054 Bhe 4/8 1993 Twin unit railcars
Файл:GGB Bhe 4-4 Gornergrat - Rotenboden.jpg 3061-3062 Bhe 4/4 1981 Multi-purpose railcars, which can operate in passenger service with matching driving trailers Bt 3071-3072, or in freight/works service.
Файл:2012-08-17 15-28-20 Switzerland Canton du Valais Blatten.JPG 3081-3084 Bhe 4/6 2006 Low floor two-section articulated railcars, built by Stadler Rail.[8]
Файл:Stadler POLARIS EMU at the Gornergrat summit terminal.jpg 3091-3095 Bhe 4/6 2022 Low floor two-section articulated railcars, built by Stadler Rail, designed by Pininfarina[9]

The railway typically operates two-railcar trains, and can carry approximately 2,500 people per hour from Zermatt to the mountain summit.[7]

Gallery

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Шаблон:Coord

Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок buckley не указан текст
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок janes2001 не указан текст
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 Шаблон:Cite book
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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