Английская Википедия:Great Falls and Old Dominion Railroad
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates
The Great Falls and Old Dominion Railroad (GF&OD) was an interurban trolley line that ran in Northern Virginia during the early 20th century.
History
Chartered in 1900 by a group of local landowners and acquired in 1902 by John Roll McLean (owner of The Washington Post) and Senator Stephen Benton Elkins,[1] the 15-mile electrified railroad began operating from Georgetown in Washington, D.C., in 1906. The first trial run was in March of 1906, but only went as far as Difficult Run and the first scheduled car reached Great Falls Park in Fairfax County, Virginia, on July 3 of that year.[2] They laid a second track in 1908.[3]
From Georgetown, the railroad crossed the Potomac River on a superstructure built on the upstream side of the old Aqueduct Bridge to Rosslyn in Arlington, where it made connections with an older electric trolley line, the Washington, Arlington & Falls Church Railway (see Northern Virginia trolleys).[4] From Rosslyn, the railroad traveled northwest along the north side of Lee Highway (now part of U.S. Route 29) to Cherrydale and then on its own right-of-way (now Old Dominion Drive, Virginia State Route 309) in Arlington and Fairfax Counties through forests, farmland and fruit orchards, bypassing the existing villages of Lewinsville and Langley.[5] At Great Falls, the GF&OD constructed a trolley park, which became a popular destination.
The owners gave their own names to two stations located at the railroad's crossings of major roads: McLean Station at Chain Bridge Road (Virginia State Route 123) and Elkins Station at Old Georgetown Pike (Virginia State Route 193). The station at Chain Bridge Road became a focus for development that evolved into the community of McLean, Virginia.
In 1911, McLean and Elkins incorporated the Washington & Old Dominion Railway (W&OD) and in 1912, the new W&OD signed a 50-year lease on the Southern Railway's Alexandria-Bluemont line. In the same year, it then constructed a double-tracked Bluemont Division connecting line that traveled between two new junctions in Arlington: Bluemont Junction on the Alexandria-Bluemont line and Thrifton Junction on the Georgetown-Great Falls line. The Georgetown-Great Falls line became the Great Falls Division of the W&OD, sharing trackage with the W&OD's Bluemont Division between Rosslyn and Thrifton Junction. In 1935, Fairfax and Arlington counties obtained the right-of-way west of Thrifton Junction in settlement of delinquent taxes. Most of the right-of-way was converted into Old Dominion Drive.
Remnants
Not much remains of the Great Falls Division.
The right-of-way west of Thrifton Junction became Langston Blvd (formally Lee Highway) and Old Dominion Drive; and the right-of-way between the Key Bridge and Thrifton Junction became Interstate 66. The trestle over Difficult Run lasted until 1979, when it was replaced because it could not handle the loads required of it.[6]
Great Falls Trolley Park became Great Falls Park, part of the National Park Service.
Several area names, like the town of McLean, also remain.
Stations
The stations on the Great Falls Division of the W&OD (with locations of sites in 2008) were:
| Station[7] | Location | Coordinates | Jurisdiction | Side of Tracks[8] | Photo | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Georgetown[9] | M Street, N.W., between 35th and 37th Streets, N.W. | Шаблон:Coord | District of Columbia | West | Terminal station of GF&OD and W&OD until 1923. Adjacent to Georgetown Car Barn, which served Washington's electric street cars. | |
| Rosslyn[9] | Passenger Terminal (1923 to 1938): Fort Myer Drive (west side) between George Washington Memorial Parkway and Lee Highway |
Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | West | Undated photo of front of station Undated colorized postcard & 1923 interior photo of passenger terminal 1948 |
The GF&OD and W&OD stopped at a passenger shelter from 1904 to 1923. The W&OD terminated behind a passenger station on Fort Myer Drive from 1923 to 1938. The railroad terminated near a maintenance shop in the present route of I-66 a short distance west of Fort Myer Drive from 1938 to 1964. All of the Rosslyn stations and termini were near the present site of the Key Bridge Marriott Hotel. Historical Marker: Rosslyn Station[10] |
| Colonial[9] | I-66 at N. Nash Street | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | South | ||
| Rosslyn Freight House[9] | I-66 near N. Oak Street | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | North | 1959 circa 1963 |
|
| Mackeys[9] | I-66 at N. Quinn Street | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | Northwest | ||
| Park Lane[9] | I-66 east of N. Uhle Street; north of Lee Highway | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | Southwest | ||
| Pearce[9] | I-66 near N. Adams Street | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | South | ||
| Clark[9] | I-66 near N. Calvert Street | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | South | Near east side of Spout Run. | |
| Thrifton[9] | I-66 between Lee Highway and Spout Run Parkway | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | South | North of Lyon Village shopping center near southeast end of Maywood Historic District.[11] Named for Hugh A. Thrift.[12] East of junction with Thrifton – Bluemont Junction connecting line. | |
| Dominion Heights[13] | Lee Highway (between traffic lanes) at N. Monroe Street (east side)[14] | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | South | Adjacent to Maywood Historic District[14] | |
| Cherrydale[13] | Intersection of Lee Highway and Old Dominion Drive at Military Road (east side) | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | Southwest | circa 1908 | |
| Harrison[13] | Old Dominion Drive at N. Thomas Street | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | South | ||
| Greenwood[13] (Lee Heights)[15] |
Old Dominion Drive at Lorcom Lane (northwest side); east of N. Upton Street | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | South | ||
| Maplewood[13] | Old Dominion Drive between traffic lanes north of Lee Highway; west of N. Abingdon Street | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | South | ||
| Livingston[13] (Livingstone Heights)[16] |
Old Dominion Drive at 24th Street N. (north side) | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | Southwest | 24th Street N. was Livingstone Street prior to 1935 (named for Colin H. Livingstone)[17] | |
| Lyonhurst[13] | Old Dominion Drive at 25th Street N. | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | Southwest | Named for the nearby estate of Frank Lyon (now Missionhurst) | |
| Summit[13] | Old Dominion Drive at 26th Street N. (southeast side) | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | Southwest | ||
| Rixey[13] | Old Dominion Drive at N. Glebe Road (east side) | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | Northeast | undated | Named for the nearby estate of Dr. Presley Marion Rixey. Marymount University now occupies the Rixey estate. Later station on southwest side of tracks.[18] |
| Jewell[19] | Old Dominion Drive at Rock Spring Road (north side) | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | Southwest | undated | Named for Charles Jewell |
| Vanderwerken[19] | Old Dominion Drive at Little Falls Road (northwest side) | Шаблон:Coord | Arlington County | North | Named for Gilbert Vanderwerken | |
| Franklyn Park (Franklin Park)[19] | Old Dominion Drive at Franklin Park Road | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Northeast | 1910 |
|
| Rockwell[19] | Old Dominion Drive near Dominion Crest Lane | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Southwest | ||
| Chesterbrook[19] | Old Dominion Drive at Kirby Road (northwest side) | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Northeast | ||
| El Nido[20] | Old Dominion Drive at Birch Road | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | North | ||
| Selva[20] | Old Dominion Drive at 6th Place | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Southwest | ||
| Viresco[20] | Old Dominion Drive between Pimmit Run and Linway Terrace | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Northeast | Southeast side of B&O Railroad right-of-way[21][22] | |
| Lawnvale[20] | Old Dominion Drive near Holmes Place | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Southwest | ||
| McLean[20] | Old Dominion Drive at Chain Bridge Road (northwest side) | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Northeast | Named for John Roll McLean | |
| Ingleside[20] | Old Dominion Drive at Ingleside Avenue | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Northeast | ||
| Balls Hill[23] | Old Dominion Drive at Balls Hill Road (east side) | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | West | ||
| Hitaffer[23] | Old Dominion Drive at Swinks Mill Road (south side) | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Northeast | ||
| Jackson[23] | Old Dominion Drive northwest of Swinks Mill Road | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Southwest | undated | |
| Spring Hill[24] | Old Dominion Drive at Spring Hill Road (east side) | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Northeast | ||
| Prospect Hill[24] | Old Dominion Drive at Bellview Place | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Northeast | undated | |
| Belleview[24] | Old Dominion Drive at Bellview Road | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Southwest | undated | |
| Glendale[25] | Old Dominion Drive at Towlston Road | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Southwest | ||
| Peacock[25] | Old Dominion Drive at Peacock Station Road (east side) | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | Southwest | undated | |
| Fairview[25] | Old Dominion Drive at Falls Run Road | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | West | ||
| Elkins[25] | Old Dominion Drive at Georgetown Pike (north side) | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County | West | undated undated |
Named for Stephen Benton Elkins. |
| Dickeys Road | Old Dominion Drive in Great Falls Park | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County (National Park Service) | Named for Dickey's Inn. Near former site of Matildaville. | ||
| Great Falls[25] | Old Dominion Drive in Great Falls Park | Шаблон:Coord | Fairfax County (National Park Service) | Inside turnaround | undated postcard |
Terminal station of GF&OD and Great Falls Division of W&OD. |
Maps
W&OD Railway system maps
Topographic Maps
- 1915 topographic map of northwestern Fairfax County, showing the route of the W&OD Railway's Great Falls Division (Electric RR) between Difficult Run and Great Falls: Шаблон:Cite web
- 1915 topographic map of Washington, D.C., the city of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Falls Church and northeastern Fairfax County, showing the route of the W&OD Railway's Great Falls Division between Georgetown and Great Falls: Шаблон:Cite web
- 1917 topographic map of Washington, D.C., the city of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Falls Church and northeastern Fairfax County, showing the route of the W&OD Railway's Great Falls Division between Georgetown and Great Falls: Шаблон:Cite web
- 1929 topographic map of Washington, D.C., the city of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Falls Church and northeastern Fairfax County, showing the routes of the W&OD Railway's Great Falls Division between Rosslyn and Great Falls:Шаблон:Cite web
See also
Notes
References
- Шаблон:Cite book In Appendix K of Northern Virginia Regional Park Authority - Pre-filed Direct Testimony of Mr. Hafner, Mr. Mcray and Mr. Simmons, November 30, 2005 (Part 5), Case No. PUE-2005-00018, Virginia State Corporation Commission. Obtained in Шаблон:Cite web
Further reading
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite web
- King, W.E. (1934-07-19). Index map showing Washington & Old Dominion Railway's line abandoned in relation to other railroads and common carriers in lower left corner of Шаблон:Cite web
External links
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite web Photographs of stations, tickets and promotional materials about the Great Falls and Old Dominion Railroad and the Great Falls Division of the Washington & Old Dominion Railway.
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web In Шаблон:Cite web Map shows stations and route of Great Falls Division of W&OD (former route of GF&OD).
- Шаблон:Cite webШаблон:Cbignore (10:32 minutes)
- ↑ Harwood, p. 37.
- ↑ Harwood, pp. 39-40.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Undated photograph of Great Falls & Old Dominion Railroad car crossing the Potomac River on the Aqueduct Bridge
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Locations of stations from distances along railroad route from Шаблон:Cite web and Harwood, pp. 139 and 141.
- ↑ Side of tracks from Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 9,3 9,4 9,5 9,6 9,7 9,8 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Rosslyn Station historical marker located at site of Bluemont Junction station of Washington and Old Dominion Railroad. See: Washington and Old Dominion Railroad#Stations
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web and Accompanying map
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 13,0 13,1 13,2 13,3 13,4 13,5 13,6 13,7 13,8 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 14,0 14,1 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 1929 topographic map of Washington, D.C., the city of Alexandria, Alexandria County, Falls Church and northeastern Fairfax County, showing the location of the Lee Heights station on the W&OD Railway's Great Falls Division: Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Harwood, p. 141.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Note: Rixey station in undated photo Шаблон:Webarchive was on southwest side of tracks, east of N. Glebe Road (Coordinates: Шаблон:Coord.
- ↑ 19,0 19,1 19,2 19,3 19,4 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 20,0 20,1 20,2 20,3 20,4 20,5 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web Description of planned Baltimore and Ohio (B&O) Railroad branch in Virginia.
- ↑ 23,0 23,1 23,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 24,0 24,1 24,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 25,0 25,1 25,2 25,3 25,4 Шаблон:Cite web
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Defunct Virginia railroads
- Defunct Washington, D.C., railroads
- Streetcars in Virginia
- Streetcars in Washington, D.C.
- Transportation in Arlington County, Virginia
- Transportation in Fairfax County, Virginia
- Electric railways in Virginia
- Interurban railways in Virginia
- Interurban railways in Washington, D.C.
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
