Английская Википедия:Gregory Kamateros
Gregory Kamateros (Шаблон:Lang-gr; Шаблон:Floruit) was a senior Byzantine official. Of low birth but very well educated, he reached high office under Emperor Alexios I Komnenos and eventually became logothetes ton sekreton, de facto prime minister, under both Alexios and John II Komnenos. Through his marriage with Irene Doukaina, an imperial relative, he founded the bureaucratic dynasty of the Doukai–Kamateroi.
Life and career
There are several scattered references to a "Gregory Kamateros" in documents and seals of the late 11th/early 12th century. Most scholars consider them to refer to the same person, with the notable exception of the historian Vitalien Laurent, who cast doubt on this identification.Шаблон:Sfn
According to the historian Niketas Choniates, Gregory Kamateros was of lowly and undistinguished birth. Nevertheless, he was distinguished by his great erudition, which was said to encompass all fields of knowledge.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn He first appears in a document of the year 1088,Шаблон:Sfn as a logariastes (accountant) of the genikon department. The same document also gives the name of his father as Basil.Шаблон:Sfn At the time of the failed conspiracy of Nikephoros Diogenes against Alexios I Komnenos (Шаблон:Reign) in 1094, he was a "recently appointed" secretary to the emperor, and participated in the interrogation of Diogenes.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
A seal attests to his having held the office of governor, with the title of praetor, of the joint themes of the Peloponnese and Hellas. This is likely when, according to Choniates, he became rich from tax farming in the provinces. The wealth he accumulated allowed him to marry an imperial relative, Irene Doukaina.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Archbishop Theophylact of Ohrid, who maintained friendly relations with Gregory and addressed five letters to him, implies that he was very influential at court;Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn in a letter written Шаблон:Circa, Theophylact congratulates Gregory on his promotion to the rank of nobilissimus and the position of protasekretis.Шаблон:Sfn
The protasekretis was originally the head of the imperial chancery, but according to the historian Paul Magdalino, Gregory Kamateros may have been the first protasekretis to head the tribunal with which the office was chiefly associated later in the 12th century.Шаблон:Sfn Later, he was promoted to the rank of sebastos, and the position of logothetes ton sekreton.Шаблон:Sfn The latter post was a creation of Alexios I, originally tasked simply with coordinating the various government departments (sekreta), but which by the turn of the 12th century had established itself as a de facto prime minister.Шаблон:Sfn Indeed, the monody written on the occasion of Gregory's funeral by the court poet Theodore Prodromos portrays him as the virtual ruler of the empire.Шаблон:Sfn
After the accession of John II Komnenos (Шаблон:Reign), it appears that Gregory was sidelined for a while, as the government was headed by John's favourites, the parakoimomenos John Komnenos and the protovestiarios Gregory Taronites. As the latter proved ineffective, Gregory Kamateros was recalled, but, as Magdalino remarks, probably not "in his full former capacity"; not only did he have to share the responsibility of government with the parakoimomenos, but the megas domestikos John Axouch now dominated the court.Шаблон:Sfn
Towards the end of his life, both he and his wife Irene entered a monastery. The exact date of Gregory's death is unknown, but it is placed between 1126 and 1132 on account of a reference to the appearance of a comet in Prodromos' funeral monody. Another court poet, Nicholas Kallikles, also wrote a poem on the occasion of Gregory's death.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Family
Gregory Kamateros married Irene Doukaina, probably a daughter of the protostrator Michael Doukas and hence niece of Alexios I. Irene Doukaina outlived her husband, but her date of death is unknown.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The union led to the emergence of the Doukas-Kamateros line,Шаблон:Sfn which held high office under the Komnenian emperors throughout the 12th century.Шаблон:Sfn Most of the couple's children are unknown. A son named Michael died young, and a contemporary Theodore Kamateros was also likely a son of the couple. The best known of Gregory's children are the high official John Kamateros, and the high official and theologian Andronikos Kamateros. The latter's son Basil Doukas Kamateros was also a high official, while his daughter Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera became empress to Alexios III Angelos (Шаблон:Reign).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
References
Sources
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
- Шаблон:The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos
- Шаблон:Polemis-The Doukai
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Шаблон:Les personnages byzantins de l'Alexiade
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- 11th-century births
- 12th-century deaths
- 11th-century Byzantine people
- 12th-century Byzantine people
- Byzantine governors of Hellas
- Byzantine governors of the Peloponnese
- Logothetes
- Kamateros family
- Officials of Alexios I Komnenos
- Sebastoi
- Year of death unknown
- Year of birth unknown
- Nobilissimi
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
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