Английская Википедия:Guia Fortress
Шаблон:Redirect Шаблон:Infobox lighthouse Шаблон:Chinese The Guia Fortress (Шаблон:Lang-pt; Шаблон:Zh) is a 17th-century colonial military fort, chapel, and lighthouse complex in São Lázaro, Macau. The complex is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Historic Centre of Macau.
The view of the fortress and the lighthouse has been blocked by the Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in the Macao Special Administrative Region since 2010. Local citizens and scholars criticised that such a case proved that the Macao government had ignored the conservation of heritage in urban planning.[1]
Architecture
The fort and chapel were constructed between the 1622 and 1638. The fort was already partly built during the unsuccessful attempt by the Netherlands to capture Macau from Portugal, providing an advantageous firing position for defending against naval attacks.
Lighthouse
Шаблон:Split section The lighthouse was constructed between 1864 and 1865, the first western style lighthouse in the Far East, southeast Asia or on the China coast. The lighthouse stands at Guia Hill, which stands at Шаблон:Convert tall, and has a light visible for some Шаблон:Convert in clear weather conditions. The complex was built upon the highest point on the Macau peninsula, Guia Hill, and named after the same location. Today, the site is a tourist destination.
Chapel
Шаблон:Split section The chapel (Portuguese: Capela de Nossa Senhora da Guia; Chinese: 聖母雪地殿教堂) was built around 1622 inside the Guia Fortress.
In 1998, frescoes were uncovered in the chapel during routine conservation work, representing both western and Chinese themes.
Threat
In 2007, local residents of Macao wrote a letter to UNESCO complaining about construction projects around the World Heritage Site Guia Lighthouse (focal height Шаблон:Convert), including the headquarter of the Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in the Macao Special Administrative Region (Шаблон:Convert). UNESCO then issued a warning to the Macau government, which led former Chief Executive Edmund Ho to sign a notice regulating height restrictions on buildings around the site.[2]
In 2015, the New Macau Association submitted a report to UNESCO claiming that the government had failed to protect Macao's cultural heritage against threats by urban development projects. One of the main examples of the report is that the headquarter of the Liaison Office of the Central People's Government, which is located on the Guia foothill and obstructs the view of the Guia Fortress (one of the world heritages symbols of Macao). One year later, Roni Amelan, a spokesman from UNESCO press service, said that the UNESCO has asked China for information and is still waiting for a reply.[3][2]
In 2016, the Macau government approved an Шаблон:Convert construction limit for the residential project, which reportedly goes against the city's regulations on the height of buildings around world heritage site Guia Lighthouse.[2]
Professor at Stanford University Dr. Ming K. Chan (Шаблон:Zh) and professor at University of Macau Dr. Eilo Yu (Шаблон:Zh) commented the Guia Lighthouse case proved that the Macao government had ignored the conservation of heritage in urban planning.[1]
See also
- Fortaleza do Monte, another Portuguese fort in Macau
- List of lighthouses in Macau
- List of oldest buildings and structures in Macau
- Landscape crisis of the Guia Fortress
References
External links
- English site for Macau Heritage
- Future of historic Guia Lighthouse
- 3D video made by an anonymous architect shows the future of Outer Harbor with several tall buildings in front of Guia Lighthouse
Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:Coord Шаблон:São Lázaro Шаблон:Historic Centre of Macau
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Meneses, J. (2016). The Victory of Heritage. Macau Business, July 2016, pp.72-73.
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