Английская Википедия:HMAS Torrens (DE 53)
Шаблон:Other ships Шаблон:Use Australian English Шаблон:Use dmy dates
Шаблон:Infobox ship imageШаблон:Infobox ship careerШаблон:Infobox ship characteristicsHMAS Torrens (DE 53) was a Шаблон:Sclass2 of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Torrens entered service in 1971, and was active until her decommissioning in 1998.
The ship was sunk as a target by Шаблон:HMAS in June 1999. Images and footage of the ship sinking have been used and adapted for various purposes, including in movies and as propaganda.
Construction
Torrens and sister ship Шаблон:HMAS were ordered in 1964 as replacements for Шаблон:HMAS, a destroyer lost following a collision with the aircraft carrier Шаблон:HMAS in 1964.[1] Although intended to be the same as the previous River class ships (themselves based on the British Type 12 frigate), the design was changed from 1965 to incorporate many of the improvements of the British Шаблон:Sclasss.[2] Work on the two vessels started without specifications or a contract, and the evolving design meant changes were being made as the ships were being constructed, with resulting delays and cost increases attributed to a lack of planning.[3]
Torrens was laid down by the Cockatoo Docks and Engineering Company Propriety Limited at Sydney, New South Wales on 18 August 1965.Шаблон:Citation needed She was launched on 28 September 1968 by Dame Zara Holt, and commissioned into the RAN on 18 January 1971.Шаблон:Citation needed Torrens was the last major war vessel built in an Australian shipyard until work commenced on Шаблон:HMAS in 1985.[4]
Operational history
Torrens and the destroyer tender Шаблон:HMAS participated in celebrations of Papua New Guinea's independence from Australia in September 1975, with Torrens arriving in Rabaul on 14 September.[5][6]
On 16 August 1976, Torrens and HMAS Melbourne were performing work-up exercises following the latter's refit when they were called to assist MV Miss Chief off the coast of Bundaberg, Queensland.[7]
During late February and early March 1972, Torrens escorted the troopship Шаблон:HMAS on her twenty-fourth and final troop transport voyage in support of the Vietnam War.[8] The ships arrived in Vũng Tàu on 28 February, collected 457 Australian soldiers, then departed the next day for home.[8]
Decommissioning and fate
HMAS Torrens paid off in 1998. On 14 June 1999, Torrens was sunk by a live Mark 48 Mod 4 torpedo fired by the Шаблон:Sclass Шаблон:HMAS during the latter's combat system trials.[9]
Digitally edited film of the torpedo hitting Torrens was used in the 2001 film Pearl Harbor as part of a black-and-white 'newsreel' montage.[10][11] A photo of Torrens exploding was used on a Hezbollah-operated website to support a propaganda claim that an Israeli warship was sunk by a Hezbollah missile in July 2006.[12]
Her 4.5-inch Mk V/Mk 6 gun turret is preserved at Princess Royal Fortress, Albany, Western Australia.[13]
Citations
References
Books
News articles and websites
Шаблон:River class destroyer escort
- ↑ Jeremey, in Stevens, The Navy and the Nation, p. 197
- ↑ Jeremey, in Stevens, The Navy and the Nation, pp. 197–8
- ↑ Jeremey, in Stevens, The Navy and the Nation, p. 205
- ↑ Jeremey, in Stevens, The Navy and the Nation, p. 198
- ↑ Jones, in Stevens, The Royal Australian Navy, p. 231
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Lind, The Royal Australian Navy, p. 291
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 Nott & Payne, The Ving Tau Ferry, p. 178
- ↑ Spurling, in Stevens, The Royal Australian Navy, p. 287
- ↑ Underwood, Lots of fire, but no smoke
- ↑ Pearl Harbor (2001) – Trivia, imdb.com
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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