Английская Википедия:Hanging Temple
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox religious building The Hanging Temple, also Hengshan Hanging Temple, Hanging Monastery or Xuankong Temple (Шаблон:Zh) is a temple built into a cliff (Шаблон:Convert above the ground) near Mount Heng in Hunyuan County, Datong City, Shanxi Province, China. The closest city is Datong, Шаблон:Convert to the northwest. Along with the Yungang Grottoes, the Hanging Temple is one of the main tourist attractions and historical sites in the Datong area. Built more than 1,500 years ago, this temple is notable not only for its location on a sheer precipice but also because as a Buddhist temple it also contains references to the other two of the three Chinese traditional philosophies or religions (三教): Taoism, and Confucianism. The structure is kept in place with oak crossbeams fitted into holes chiseled into the cliffs. The main supportive structure is hidden inside the bedrock.[1] The monastery is located in the small canyon basin, and the body of the building hangs from the middle of the cliff under the prominent summit, protecting the temple from rain erosion and sunlight bake.
History
According to legend, construction of the temple was started at the end of the Northern Wei dynasty by only one man, a monk named Liaoran (Шаблон:Lang) in 491 AD. Over the next 1,400 years, many repairs and extensions have led to its present-day scale.[2]
Overview
The entire 40 halls and pavilions are all built on cliffs which are over Шаблон:Convert from the ground. The distance from north to south is longer than from east to west and it becomes higher and higher from the gate in the south to north along the mountain. The temple can be divided into a northern and southern section.
Northern section
The northern section contains:[3]
- Wufo Hall - The Hall of the Five Tathagatas
- Guanyin Hall - Hall of the bodhisattva Guanyin
- Hall of Three Religions (Шаблон:Zh). The Hall of Three Religions mainly enshrines Buddhist deities as well as both Taoism and Confucianism. The statues of Śakyamuni (middle), Lao-Tze (left) and Confucius (right) are enshrined in the hall. This reflects the prevailing idea of "Three Teaching Harmonious as One" (Шаблон:Zh) in the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368–1911).[3]
Southern section
The southern part has three floors, it contains the following halls:[3]
- Chunyang Palace - for worshiping Lü Dongbin - one of the Eight Immortals of Taoism
- Sanguan Hall (Hall of the Three Officials, Шаблон:Zh) - the largest hall in the temple, in which the "Three Great Emperor-Officials" (the officials of Heaven, Earth and Water) are worshiped with Ming era clay sculptures.
- Leiyin Hall (Thunder Hall) - A Buddhist hall dedicated to Buddha Śakyamuni located at the top of the southern section.
Gallery
References
External links
- Hanging Temple, Class II Protected Sites in China, from ChinaCulture.org. Retrieved d.d. January 1, 2010.
- History of the Hanging Monastery
- Geo Architecture and Landscape in China's geographic and Historic Context (2016). Book by Fang Wang. Page 102-112.
Шаблон:Buddhist temples in China
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