Английская Википедия:Hawthara ibn Suhayl
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox officeholder Ḥawthara ibn Suhayl al-Bāhilī (Шаблон:Lang-ar) (died 750) was a Bedouin Arab administrator and military leader in the final years of the Umayyad Caliphate. The philosopher al-Kindī describes him as famous for his eloquence.Шаблон:Sfn
Ḥawthara was appointed wālī (governor) of Egypt in AD 745 (AH 128) by the Caliph Marwān II. He was dispatched with a large army drawn from the jund (army) of bilād al-Shām (Syria). Egypt at that time was under the de facto government of Ḥafṣ ibn al-Walīd, the former governor who had resigned at the accession of Marwān II. His body of non-Arab troops, the Ḥafṣīya, forced him back into power. He refused, however, to oppose Ḥawthara and, after some negotiations, the latter entered Fusṭāt, the capital of Egypt.Шаблон:Sfn
Once in power, Ḥawthara purged the leadership of the Ḥafṣīya and executed Ḥafṣ himself. He recruited 2,300 troops from among the Umayyad clients (mawālī) and the Qays tribal confederation. His takeover of Egypt was a violent affair.Шаблон:Sfn He had to deal with a Coptic revolt in Bashmur. According to Sāwīrus ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, he launched multiple attacks against the rebels from land and sea but failed to subdue them. In 749, Marwān II came in person with another Syrian army, but his proposed armistice was rejected. In an effort to break the stalemate, Ḥawthara seized the Coptic patriarch, Khaʾil I, held him hostage in Rashīd and threatened to kill him. The gambit failed and the rebels sacked Rashīd.Шаблон:Sfn Although he ordered Khaʾil's execution, Ḥawthara called it off at the last minute.Шаблон:Sfn
In January 749, Ḥawthara was sent to bolster the forces of Ibn Hubayra during the Abbasid uprising.Шаблон:Sfn According to al-Ṭabarī, he brought with him 20,000 Syrian troops, including cavalry, to Fallūja. When Qaḥṭaba ibn Shabīb marched on Kūfa, Ḥawthara advised Ibn Hubayra to head to Khorasan so that Qaḥṭaba would either follow him or be defeated by Marwān at Kūfa. Ibn Hubayra rejected the advice and put Ḥawthara in charge of the vanguard ordering him to try to beat Qaḥṭaba to Kūfa. On 28 August 749, a major battle was fought near Kūfa in which Qaḥṭaba was killed but the Umayyad army was forced to retreat. Ḥawthara retreated as far as the place called Qaṣr ibn Hubayra.Шаблон:Sfn From there he planned to march on Kūfa, where the governor, Muḥammad ibn Khalīd al-Qasrī, had joined the rebellion. When his troops began abandoning him, however, he decided to join Ibn Hubayra at Wāsiṭ.Шаблон:Sfn
Ḥawthara advised Ibn Hubayra not to remain in Wāsiṭ, but he was ignored.Шаблон:Sfn Wāsiṭ was besieged for eleven months, during which time he served as head of the shurṭa.Шаблон:Sfn After its surrender, according to al-Ṭabarī, Ḥawthara was executed on the orders of Abū Jaʿfar.Шаблон:Sfn According to Sāwīrus ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, however, he was executed in Egypt by Marwān II.Шаблон:Sfn
Notes
Bibliography
- Шаблон:Slaves on Horses
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite encyclopedia
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:The History of al-Tabari
Шаблон:S-start Шаблон:Succession box Шаблон:S-end Шаблон:Governor of Egypt during Umayyad Caliphate
- Английская Википедия
- 750 deaths
- Umayyad governors of Egypt
- 8th-century Umayyad governors of Egypt
- Year of birth unknown
- People of the Third Fitna
- People of the Abbasid Revolution
- 8th-century Arab people
- Bahila
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
