Английская Википедия:Herbert Bachnick

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Herbert Bachnick (9 February 1920 – 7 August 1944) was a World War II flying ace in the Luftwaffe (German Air Force) credited with 80 aerial victories—that is, 80 aerial combat encounters resulting in the destruction of the enemy aircraft, all but one over the Eastern Front. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.

Career

Bachnick was born on 9 February 1920 in Mannheim in the Republic of Baden. On 1 October 1938, Bachnik who was a kaufmännischer Angestellter (merchant) in his civil life, joined the military service in Luftwaffe.Шаблон:Sfn Following flight training,Шаблон:Refn he was posted to 9. Staffel (9th squadron), also known as the Karaya-Staffel, of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52–52nd Fighter Wing) on 5 December 1942 serving on the Eastern Front.Шаблон:Sfn At the time, 9. Staffel was commanded by Hauptmann Ernst Ehrenberg and was subordinated to III. Gruppe (3rd group) of JG 52 headed by Major Hubertus von Bonin.Шаблон:Sfn

War against the Soviet Union

Файл:9-JG52-ins.svg

Karaya-Staffel emblem

In preparation for Operation Citadel and the Battle of Kursk, III. Gruppe moved to the airfield Bessonovka at Ugrim, located south of Kursk, on 3 July. Here, Bachnick claimed his first three aerial victories on 5 July 1943 when he shot down a Petlyakov Pe-2 bomber, an Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft and a Lavochkin La-5 fighter.Шаблон:Sfn Following these events, he was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class (Шаблон:Lang) and promoted to Feldwebel (sergeant).Шаблон:Sfn On 2 August, III. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Warwarowka, located south of Belgorod, where they stayed for three days. There, Bachnik claimed an Il-2 ground-attack aircraft and a Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 fighter shot down on 4 August, and another LaGG-3 the following day.Шаблон:Sfn

On 14 August, the Gruppe relocated to Pereshchepyne where they stayed for four days. Here, Bachnik claimed another LaGG-3 destroyed on 17 August.Шаблон:Sfn Then flying from Mikhaylovka on 19 August, he again claimed a LaGG-3 fighter.Шаблон:Sfn On 23 August, III. Gruppe was ordered to an airfield at Makeyevka. Here, Bachnik increased his number of aerial victories claimed to 17 by end-August.Шаблон:Sfn On 9 September, III. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Dnipropetrovsk, present-day Dnipro, operating from this airfield until 24 September. Here, Bachnik claimed thirteen aerial victories, taking his total to 30 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn The Gruppe reached an airfield near Apostolovo on 1 November. With the exception of a brief period from 12 to 20 November when they also used an airfield at Kirovohrad, the Gruppe remained here until 7 January 1944. Here, Bachnik claimed further aerial victories, increasing his total 46 by end of 1943.Шаблон:Sfn Bachnick received the Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Шаблон:Lang) on 13 December 1943.Шаблон:Sfn On 7 January 1944, Bachnik became an "ace-in-a-day" for the first time when he claimed five Il-2 ground-attack aircraft shot down near Nova Praha and Kirovohrad.Шаблон:Sfn

On 5 February, Bachnick was awarded the German Cross in Gold (Шаблон:Lang) for 55 aerial victories claimed.Шаблон:Sfn The Gruppe moved to an airfield at Proskurov, present-day Khmelnytskyi, on 12 March where they stayed until 23 March. Here, Bachnick became an "ace-in-a-day" again on 13 March, and a third time on 19 March.Шаблон:Sfn On 21 March, he was credited with III. GruppeШаблон:'s 3,500th aerial victory.Шаблон:Sfn In April, Unteroffizier Bachnick was transferred to 2. Staffel of Ergänzungs-Jagdgruppe Ost as an instructor. He was promoted to Leutnant in May. Bachnick was wounded in combat with United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) bombers and fighters on 7 July force landing his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6. He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Шаблон:Lang) on 27 July for 78 aerial victories.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Bachnick returned to 9. Staffel of JG 52 following three months as an instructor. At the time, III. Gruppe was based at Kraków in Poland and defending against the Soviet Operation Bagration which defeated Army Group Center under command of Generalfeldmarschall Ernst Busch, retaking all of Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic and securing a foothold in Eastern Poland.Шаблон:Sfn On 7 August 1944, he engaged a USAAF formation and shot down a North American P-51 Mustang. However, his Bf 109 G-6 (Werknummer 166065—factory number) "Yellow 4" was damaged in the encounter. Bachnick attempted a forced landing near Myslowitz but crashed into a railroad embarkment, killing him.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Bachnik was credited with 80 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Spick also lists him with 80 aerial victories, including one four-engined bomber, claimed in 373 combat missions.Шаблон:Sfn Obermaier lists Bachnick with 80 aerial victories, 79 of which on the Eastern Front, claimed in 373 combat mission.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 78 aerial victory claims, plus one further unconfirmed claim, all of which claimed on the Eastern Front.Шаблон:Sfn

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 35 Ost 62773". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn

Chronicle of aerial victories
Claim	Date	Time	Type	Location	Claim	Date	Time	Type	Location
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 4 February – 31 December 1943
1	5 July 1943	12:51	Pe-2	PQ 35 Ost 62773Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Oboyan	24	18 September 1943	15:29	Il-2 m.H.Шаблон:Refn	PQ 34 Ost 68572Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Pavlohrad
2	5 July 1943	16:42	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 35 Ost 61631Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Vovchansk	25	19 September 1943	10:15	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 59634Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Pavlohrad
3	5 July 1943	18:58	La-5	PQ 35 Ost 61661, Шаблон:Convert northwest of VovchanskШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Vovchansk	26	19 September 1943	15:28	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 59612Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Pavlohrad
4	4 August 1943	09:46	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 35 Ost 61161Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Prokhorovka	27	20 September 1943	13:35	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 59471Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Pavlohrad
5	4 August 1943	13:49	LaGG-3	PQ 35 Ost 61354Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Tomarovka	28	20 September 1943	15:40	P-39	PQ 34 Ost 58824Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Bolschoj Tomak
6	5 August 1943	08:35	LaGG-3	PQ 35 Ost 61194Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Krasny Liman	29	23 September 1943	14:10	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 58194Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Zaporizhzhia
7	17 August 1943	05:20	LaGG-3	PQ 35 Ost 70733Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Izium	30	23 September 1943	14:15	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 58192Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-southeast of Zaporizhzhia
8	19 August 1943	13:38	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 88283, southwest of KuibyschewoШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Jalisawehino	31	27 November 1943	09:07	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 49791Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Nikopol
9	20 August 1943	06:13	Il-2	PQ 34 Ost 88252, MarinowkaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-northeast of Kuteinikovo	32	27 November 1943	14:23	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 48761, PawlowkaШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-southwest of Bilozirka
10	20 August 1943	10:18	Il-2	PQ 34 Ost 88263Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Marinowka	33	27 November 1943	14:26	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 48732Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Nikopol
11	21 August 1943	07:18	Il-2	PQ 34 Ost 88282, west of KuibyschewoШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Jalisawehino	34	27 November 1943	14:36	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 48723Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Nikopol
12	21 August 1943	07:24	Il-2	PQ 34 Ost 88291, west of KuibyschewoШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Jalisawehino	35	28 November 1943	12:05	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 49841Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Werchnedjeprowak
13	21 August 1943	11:50	Il-2	PQ 34 Ost 88432Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Marienkeim	36	28 November 1943	13:45	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 48481Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Nikopol
14	22 August 1943	16:21	Il-2	PQ 34 Ost 88284Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Jalisawehino	37	28 November 1943	13:49	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 48671Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Nikopol
15	22 August 1943	16:25	Il-2	PQ 34 Ost 88431Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Marienkeim	38	28 November 1943	13:53	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 48622Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-southeast of Nikopol
16	24 August 1943	17:55	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 88332Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Kuteinikovo	39	7 December 1943	14:10	LaGG-3	north of GolovkovkaШаблон:Sfn
17	24 August 1943	17:59	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 88414Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Jalisawehino	40	13 December 1943	12:28	Il-2 m.H.	northwest of VarvarovkaШаблон:Sfn
18	11 September 1943	11:04	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 60691Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southwest of Grishino	41	17 December 1943	14:16	P-39	PQ 34 Ost 29651Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Nova Praha
19	14 September 1943	10:25?Шаблон:Refn	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 69652Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-northwest of Grishino	42	17 December 1943	14:19	P-39	PQ 34 Ost 29691Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southeast of Nova Praha
20	14 September 1943	17:05	Yak-9?Шаблон:Refn	PQ 34 Ost 69494Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Pavlohrad	43	19 December 1943	12:09	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 48691Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Beloserka
21	15 September 1943	11:58	La-5	PQ 34 Ost 68624Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east-southeast of Polohy	44	19 December 1943	12:16	Il-2	PQ 34 Ost 48663Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Beloserka
22	18 September 1943	15:20	LaGG-3	PQ 34 Ost 68814Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Pavlohrad	45	20 December 1943	08:56	Il-2	south of Bolshaya BelozerkaШаблон:Sfn
23	18 September 1943	15:24	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 59682Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Pavlohrad	46	25 December 1943	11:12	Il-2 m.H.	north of KamenkaШаблон:Sfn
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 1 January – 7 August 1944
47♠	7 January 1944	11:22	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 29823Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Nova Praha	64♠	13 March 1944	16:19	Il-2 m.H.?Шаблон:Refn	PQ 25 Ost 60663Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Balakliia
48♠	7 January 1944	11:25	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 29822Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Nova Praha	65♠	13 March 1944	16:26	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 25 Ost 60063Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Balakliia
49♠	7 January 1944	11:28	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 29684Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Nova Praha	66♠	13 March 1944	16:29	LaGG	PQ 25 Ost 60481Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Andreyevka
50♠	7 January 1944	11:45	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 19623Шаблон:Sfn PQ 19632Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west-southwest of Kirovohrad	67	14 March 1944	06:14	LaGG	PQ 25 Ost 70543Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Balakliia
51♠	7 January 1944	11:49	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 29373Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert west of Kirovohrad	68	14 March 1944	16:29?Шаблон:Refn	Il-2	PQ 25 Ost 70512Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia
52	8 January 1944	14:05	P-39	PQ 34 Ost 29392Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Kirovohrad	69	15 March 1944	06:48?Шаблон:Refn	LaGG	PQ 25 Ost 70511Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia
53	9 January 1944	14:05	Il-2 m.H.	PQ 34 Ost 29511Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn vicinity of Kirovohrad	70	17 March 1944	10:20	Il-2	PQ 25 Ost 60621Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Andreyevka
54	23 January 1944	13:27	LaGG	PQ 34 Ost 19292Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south-southwest of Alekandrovka	71♠	19 March 1944	07:06	Il-2	PQ 25 Ost 70523,Шаблон:Sfn east of ParchamowszyШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia
55	30 January 1944	14:27	LaGG	PQ 34 Ost 19253Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Signajewka	72♠	19 March 1944	07:08	Il-2	PQ 25 Ost 70611Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north-northeast of Izium
56	26 February 1944	14:36	P-39	PQ 34 Ost 29562Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert southeast of Kirovohrad	73♠	19 March 1944	07:11	LaGG	PQ 25 Ost 70642Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Izium
57	7 March 1944	10:20	Pe-2	PQ 25 Ost 70321Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn vicinity of Shevchenkovo	74♠	19 March 1944	07:35	LaGG	PQ 25 Ost 70372Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn vicinity of Shevchenkovo
58	12 March 1944	11:58	LaGG?Шаблон:Refn	PQ 25 Ost 70512Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia	75♠	19 March 1944	16:33	LaGG	PQ 25 Ost 60623Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Andreyevka
59	12 March 1944	12:01	LaGG?	PQ 25 Ost 70374Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn vicinity of Shevchenkovo	76	21 March 1944	13:22	Il-2	PQ 25 Ost 60624Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Andreyevka
60	12 March 1944	15:46	LaGG?	PQ 25 Ost 70562Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Izium	77	21 March 1944	13:24	Il-2	PQ 25 Ost 60491Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Balakliia
61	12 March 1944	16:06	LaGG	PQ 25 Ost 70612Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north-northeast of Izium	78	21 March 1944	16:16	Pe-2	PQ 25 Ost 70521Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia
62♠	13 March 1944	16:05	LaGG	PQ 25 Ost 70522Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia	Шаблон:Center	7 August 1944	Шаблон:Center	P-51Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn	vicinity of Mysłowice
63♠	13 March 1944	16:15?Шаблон:Refn	LaGG	PQ 25 Ost 60631, south of KalinowkaШаблон:Sfn PQ 60644Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert south of Andreyevka

Awards

• Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe for Fighter Pilots in Gold (31 July 1943)Шаблон:Sfn
• Iron Cross (1939)
  • 2nd Class (6 August 1943)Шаблон:Sfn
  • 1st Class (7 September 1943)Шаблон:Sfn
• Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe) on 13 December 1943 as Feldwebel and pilotШаблон:Sfn
• German Cross in Gold on 5 February 1944 as Feldwebel in the 9./Jagdgeschwader 52Шаблон:Sf
• Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 27 July 1944 as Fahnenjunker-Feldwebel and pilot in the 9./Jagdgeschwader 52Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

References

Bibliography

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