Английская Википедия:Hertford (UK Parliament constituency)

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox UK constituency main

Hertford was the name of a parliamentary constituency in Hertfordshire, which elected Members of Parliament (MPs) from 1298 until 1974.

History

The Parliamentary Borough of Hertford was represented by two MPs in the House of Commons of England from 1298 to 1707, then of the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and finally in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 onwards. Under the Boundaries Act of 1868, its representation was reduced to 1 MP.[1]

The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 (which followed on from the Third Reform Act) abolished the Parliamentary Borough and it gave its name to one of four Divisions of the abolished three-member Parliamentary County of Hertfordshire, and was formally named as the Eastern or Hertford Division of Hertfordshire.

As well as the Borough of Hertford, the enlarged constituency included the towns of Ware, Bishop's Stortford and Hoddesdon. It remained largely unchanged until 1955, but was radically altered for the 1955 general election. It was abolished in 1974.

Boundaries and boundary changes

1885–1918

  • The Borough of Hertford;
  • The Sessional Divisions of Bishop's Stortford and Cheshunt;
  • Parts of the Sessional Divisions of Hertford and Ware; and
  • In the Sessional Division of Aldbury, the parishes of Great Hadham and Little Hadham.[2]

1918–1950

  • The Borough of Hertford;
  • The Urban Districts of Bishop's Stortford, Cheshunt, Hoddesdon, Sawbridgeworth, and Ware;
  • The Rural Districts of Hadham and Ware; and
  • The Rural District of Hertford parishes of Bayford, Bengeo Rural, Bengeo Urban, Bramfield, Brickendon Liberty, Brickendon Rural, Hertingfordbury, Little Amwell, Little Berkhamsted, St Andrew Rural, St John Rural, Stapleford, and Tewin.[3]

Minor changes to boundaries.

1950–1955

  • The Borough of Hertford;
  • The Urban Districts of Bishop's Stortford, Cheshunt, Hoddesdon, Sawbridgeworth, and Ware;
  • The Rural District of Ware;
  • The Rural District of Braughing parishes of Albury, Braughing, Brent Pelham, Furneux Pelham, High Wych, Little Hadham, Much Hadham, Stocking Pelham, and Thorley; and
  • The Rural District of Hertford parishes of Bayford, Bengeo Rural, Bengeo Urban, Bramfield, Brickendon Liberty, Brickendon Rural, Hertingfordbury, Little Amwell, Little Berkhamsted, St Andrew Rural, St John Rural, Stapleford, and Tewin.[4]

Nominal changes only to reflect restructuring of rural districts.

1955–1974

  • The Borough of Hertford;
  • The Urban District of Welwyn Garden City; and
  • The Rural Districts of Hatfield, Hertford, and Welwyn.[5]

Significant changes with only the Municipal Borough and the part of the Rural District of Hertford retained. The remainder of the constituency formed the basis of the new County Constituency of East Hertfordshire. The Urban District of Welwyn Garden City and the Rural District of Welwyn were transferred from St Albans; the Rural District of Hatfield from Barnet; and the remainder of the Rural District of Hertford from Hitchin.

The constituency was abolished in the redistribution taking effect for the February 1974 general election. The Municipal Borough and Rural District of Hertford were included in the new constituency of Hertford and Stevenage, with remaining areas forming the new constituency of Welwyn and Hatfield.

Members of Parliament

Hertford borough (1298-1885)

1298-1640

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Parliament First member Second member
1376 Constituency franchise lapsed
1624 Constituency re-enfranchised by Parliament
1624 William Ashton Thomas Fanshawe
1625 William Ashton Thomas Fanshawe
1626 Sir William Harrington Sir Capell Bedell
1628 Sir Edward Howard ennobled
and replaced by Sir Charles Morrison
Sir Thomas Fanshawe
1629 John Carey, Viscount Rochford Sir Thomas Fanshawe
1629–1640 No Parliaments summoned

1640-1868

Year First member First party Second member Second party
April 1640 rowspan="4" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Viscount Cranborne Parliamentarian rowapan="2"style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Sir Thomas Fanshawe Royalist
November 1640
November 1643 Fanshawe disabled from sitting - seat vacant
1645 William Leman
December 1648 Cranborne not recorded as sitting after Pride's Purge
1653 Hertford was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament
1654 Isaac Pulter Hertford had only one seat in the First and
Second Parliaments of the Protectorate
1656
January 1659 James Cowper
May 1659 Not represented in the restored Rump
April 1660 Arthur Sparke James Cowper
1661 Sir Edward Turnor Thomas Fanshawe
1673 Sir Thomas Byde
1675 Edmund Feilde
1677 Sir John Gore
February 1679 Sir Charles Caesar
September 1679 Sir William Cowper
1685 Sir Francis Boteler
1689 Sir William Cowper
1690 Sir William Leman
1695 William Cowper
January 1701 Charles Caesar Thomas Filmer
February 1701 Richard Goulston
1705 Sir Thomas Clarke
1708 William Monson
1710 Charles Caesar Richard Goulston
1715 [6] Sir Thomas Clarke John Boteler
1722 Edward Harrison Charles Caesar[7]
1723 Sir Thomas Clarke
1727 George Harrison
1734 Nathaniel Brassey
1741 George Harrison
1759 George Cowper
1761 John Calvert Timothy Caswall
1768 William Cowper
1770 Paul Feilde
1780 Thomas, Baron Dimsdale[8] William Baker
1784 John Calvert
1790 Nathaniel, Baron Dimsdale[8]
1802 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Hon. Edward Spencer Cowper Whig[9] rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Nicolson Calvert Whig[9]
1817 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | James Gascoyne-Cecil Tory[9]
1823 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Thomas Byron Tory[10]
1826 rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Thomas Slingsby Duncombe Whig[9]
1830 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Henry Chetwynd-Talbot Tory[9]
1831 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | John Currie Whig[9]
1832 [11] style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Henry Chetwynd-Talbot Tory[9] style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Philip Stanhope Tory[9]
1832 writ suspended: both seats vacant until 1835[11]
1835 rowspan="3" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Hon. William Cowper Whig[12][13][14][9] style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Philip Stanhope Conservative[9]
1852 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Thomas Chambers Radical[15][16][17]
1857 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Sir Walter Townshend-Farquhar Conservative
1859 rowspan="2" style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Liberal
1866 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Robert Dimsdale Conservative
1868 Representation reduced to one MP

1868-1885

Election Member Party
1868 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Robert Dimsdale Conservative
1874 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Arthur Balfour Conservative
1885 Constituency abolished; name transferred to county division

Hertford county constituency (1885-1974)

Election Member Party
1885 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Abel Smith Conservative
1898 by-election style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Evelyn Cecil Conservative
1900 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Abel Henry Smith Conservative
Jan. 1910 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Sir John Rolleston Conservative
1916 by-election Noel Pemberton Billing Independent
1918 Silver Badge Party
1921 by-election (Sir) Murray Sueter Anti-Waste League/Independent Parliamentary Group
1922 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Conservative
1945 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Sir Derek Walker-Smith Conservative
1955 style="background-color: Шаблон:Party color" | Robert Lindsay Conservative
Feb. 1974 Constituency abolished - see Hertford and Stevenage

Elections

Elections in the 1830s

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The 1832 election was later declared void, but a new writ was not issued during the course of the parliament.

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Cowper was appointed as a commissioner of Greenwich Hospital, requiring a by-election.

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Elections in the 1840s

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Cowper was appointed a Civil Lord of the Admiralty, requiring a by-election.

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Elections in the 1850s

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Cowper was appointed Civil Lord of the Admiralty, requiring a by-election.

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Cowper was appointed president of the General Board of Health, requiring a by-election.

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Cowper was appointed Vice-President of the Committee of the Council on Education, requiring a by-election.

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Cowper was appointed Vice-President of the Board of Trade, requiring a by-election.

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Elections in the 1860s

Cowper was appointed First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings, requiring a by-election.

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Townshend-Farquhar's death caused a by-election.

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Seat reduced to one member

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Elections in the 1870s

The head and shoulders of a middle-aged man, wearing a brown jacket, white shirt and black bow-tie.
Arthur Balfour was MP for Hertford between 1874 and 1885, and later Prime Minister.

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Elections in the 1880s

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Balfour was appointed President of the Local Government Board, requiring a by-election.

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Smith

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Elections in the 1890s

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Smith's death caused a by-election.

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Spencer

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Elections in the 1900s

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Smith

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Buxton

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Elections in the 1910s

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Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

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Billing

Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box registered electors Шаблон:Election box gain with party link Шаблон:Election box end Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box registered electors Шаблон:Election box hold with party link Шаблон:Election box end * Barnard was also the nominee of the National Farmers' Union

Elections in the 1920s

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Elections in the 1930s

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Elections in the 1940s

General Election 1939–40: Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected;

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Elections in the 1950s

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Elections in the 1960s

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Elections in the 1970s

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References

Шаблон:Reflist

  • Robert Beatson, A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807) [1]
  • D. Brunton & D. H. Pennington, Members of the Long Parliament (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1954)
  • Cobbett's Parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest in 1066 to the year 1803 (London: Thomas Hansard, 1808) [2]
  • F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (2nd edition, Aldershot: Parliamentary Research Services, 1989)
  • F W S Craig, "British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949" (Glasgow: Political Reference Publications, 1969)
  • Henry Stooks Smith, The Parliaments of England from 1715 to 1847 (2nd edition, edited by FWS Craig - Chichester: Parliamentary Reference Publications, 1973)
  • Шаблон:Rayment-hc

  1. Шаблон:Cite book
  2. Шаблон:Cite book
  3. Шаблон:Cite book
  4. Шаблон:Cite web
  5. Шаблон:Cite book
  6. At the general election of 1715, Caesar and Goulston were initially declared re-elected, but on petition the result was overturned and their opponents, Clarke and Boteler, were seated in their place
  7. On petition, Caesar was adjudged not to have been duly elected and his opponent, Clarke, was declared elected in his place
  8. 8,0 8,1 Dimsdale was a baron in the Russian peerage
  9. 9,0 9,1 9,2 9,3 9,4 9,5 9,6 9,7 9,8 9,9 Шаблон:Cite book
  10. Шаблон:Cite web
  11. 11,0 11,1 At the election of 1832 Ingestrie and Mahon were declared elected, but on petition was their election was declared void, Hertford's writ was suspended and the seats remained vacant until the next general election
  12. Шаблон:Cite news
  13. Шаблон:Cite book
  14. Шаблон:Cite book
  15. Шаблон:Cite book
  16. Шаблон:Cite news
  17. Шаблон:Cite news
  18. Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party, 1939