Английская Википедия:Hippus
Pupillary hippus, also known as pupillary athetosis, is spasmodic, rhythmic, but regular dilating and contracting pupillary movements between the sphincter and dilator muscles.[1][2] Pupillary hippus comes from the Greek hippos meaning horse, perhaps due to the rhythm of the contractions representing a galloping horse.[3] Notably, hippos in antiquity referred to involuntary eye movements which are nowadays called nystagmus.[4]
It is particularly noticeable when pupil function is tested with a light,[2] but is independent of eye movements or changes in illumination.[1] It is usually normal, however pathological hippus can occur.[2][3]
Pathologic hippus, the phenomenon of increased oscillation or their amplitude, is associated with aconite poisoning,[5] altered mental status, trauma, cirrhosis, and renal disease; suggesting a common pathway of frontal lobe dysfunction.[6] A retrospective study of 117 hospitalized patients with hippus noted an increased 30-day mortality when compared to controls and adjusted for other factors.[6]
See also
- Athetosis
- Anisocoria - condition characterized by an unequal size of the eyes' pupils.
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Cassin, B. and Solomon, S. Dictionary of Eye Terminology. Gainesville, Florida: Triad Publishing Company, 1990.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Beatty, J., & Lucero-Wagoner, B. (2000). The pupillary system. In J. T. Cacioppo, L. G. Tassinary & G. G. Bernston (Eds.), The handbook of psychophysiology (2nd ed.) (pp. 142-162). USA: Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Forensic and State Medicine: Reddy
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite journal