Английская Википедия:Ho Chi Minh City Metro

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The Ho Chi Minh City Metro (HCMC Metro, Шаблон:Lang-vi) is a planned rapid transit network that will serve Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam.

Its first metro line, Line 1, started construction in 2012 and is scheduled for completion in the fourth quarter of 2024, after multiple delays, with operations starting the same year. Шаблон:As of, most of the network is in the planning stages, with projects for different lines advancing as funds become available. A second line, Line 2, began construction in 2024.

History

Earlier proposals (2001–2012)

The network was first proposed in 2001 as part of a comprehensive public transport network plan including Ho Chi Minh City and neighbouring provinces, with the aim of avoiding the severe traffic congestion problems that have affected other Asian cities (such as Hanoi).

According to the original master plan submitted in February 2001, the metro system would comprise six lines. The plan was originally expected to cost US$1.5 billion over 10 years, as part of a US$3.35 billion program to build a rail network serving Ho Chi Minh City and surrounding provinces.

The plan was revised in 2007 and proposed no less than six urban rail lines. The city’s transport development master plan to 2020 envisages developing three monorail or light rail lines with a total length of Шаблон:Convert and six underground metro routes with a total length of Шаблон:Convert. Bến Thành Market in District 1, already a major hub for bus traffic, will become a major hub connecting several lines.Шаблон:Citation needed

Revised plan and construction (2013–present)

Файл:Construction of Ben Thanh Market Station.jpg

Construction of Bến Thành station (August 2017)

The latest plans for Ho Chi Minh City Metro, a revised version of the earlier proposal in 2007, was approved on 8 April 2013. The network's first line, connecting Bến Thành Market and Suối Tiên Park in Thu Duc City, was originally scheduled for completion in 2014. A groundbreaking ceremony for Line 1 was held on 21 February 2008. However, due to funding issues, construction only began in 2012, pushing the project completion date to 2018. Line 1 is mainly funded through official development assistance provided by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), with the remainder being financed by the city's government budget.

In September 2013, an agreement was reached with the Asian Development Bank, the European Investment Bank, and the Spanish Government to provide €850 million to finance the construction of Line 5, with any additional cost funded by the Vietnamese Government. A revised construction start of 2015 was provided.

On 13 September 2017, the authorities announced that Line 1 will be delayed for two years. Cost overrun, audits, and delayed payments to contractors contributed to the delay. The targeted completion date was set at 2020. Planners expect the route to serve more than 160,000 passengers daily upon launch, increasing to 635,000 by 2030 and 800,000 by 2040. All stations along the route are expected to accommodate the disabled, with automatic ticket vending machines, telephone booths, restrooms, subway doors and information bulletins accessible to the handicapped and visually impaired.

On 28 January 2019, MAUR Director of Project Management Unit Duong Huu Hoa stated that as of December 2018, construction progress of Line 1 has reached 62%, below the target of 65%. The project has been criticised by the local press for its repeated delays.

Japan’s Nippon Koei Group was the main designer and consultant for the line. The elevated sections were built by a joint venture between Japanese conglomerate Sumitomo and Vietnamese state-owned contractor Cienco 6. The underground section is being built by a joint venture between two other Japanese companies, Shimizu and Maeda.

Construction of Line 2 was initially scheduled to begin in 2013, with operations beginning in 2018. However, on 13 September 2017, the local authorities have requested to the Prime Minister to push back the construction of the second line to 2020 with completion in 2024. In February 2020, the expected opening date for the first line was scheduled for the end of 2021. No reason was given for the delay. The estimated cost of the line has also ballooned from $1.3 billion to more than $2.1 billion.

In December 2020, it was reported that one of the Elastomeric Laminated Bearing pads, which hold up the concrete beams of the viaducts for Line 1, had fallen off, causing one of the beams to be displaced and crack. Research on the incident is still being done by the contractor.

In February 2021, first metro line completion line was pushed back to 2022.

On 8 September 2021, the Management Authority for Urban Railways (MAUR) announced that Line 1 will be further delayed. Construction was expected to be completed in late 2023, with commercial operations beginning in 2024.

On 23 October 2023, MAUR announced that the project has been further delayed until early 2024.

Construction for Line 2 broke ground in February 2024.

On March 14 MAUR announced that Line 1 would not be finished in 2024.

Lines

Файл:Ho chi minh metro Future - geo.png

Line	Line name	Length	Stations	Terminus	Note
Шаблон:RouteBox	S: Sài Gòn line	19.7 km	14	Bến Thành ↔ New Eastern Bus Station	Under construction Option to extend to Biên Hoà or Bình Dương
Шаблон:RouteBox	B: Bà Quẹo line	48 km	42	Củ Chi ↔ Thủ Thiêm	Under construction Phase 1: Bến Thành - Tham Lương with 11 stations.
Шаблон:RouteBox	K: Tân Kiên line	19.8 km	17	Bến Thành ↔ Tân Kiên	planned Option to extend to Tân An
Шаблон:RouteBox	N: Thị Nghè line	12.2 km	10	Cộng Hoà Junction ↔ Hiệp Bình Phước (Thủ Đức City)	planned Option to extend to Thủ Dầu Một and connect with Bình Dương Metro
Шаблон:RouteBox	G: Gò Vấp line	35.75 km	32	Thạnh Xuân ↔ Hiệp Phước	planned
Шаблон:RouteBox	T: Tân Sơn Nhất line	Шаблон:03.2 km	Шаблон:03	Gia Định Park (Line 4) ↔ Lăng Cha Cả Junction (Line 5)	planned Phase 1: Tân Sơn Nhất Airport - Lăng Cha Cả
Шаблон:RouteBox	C: Cần Giuộc line	23.39 km	22	New Cần Giuộc Bus Station ↔ Saigon Bridge	planned Phase 1: Bảy Hiền - Saigon Bridge
Шаблон:RouteBox	Đ: Đầm Sen line	Шаблон:06.8 km	Шаблон:07	Bà Quẹo Junction ↔ Phú Lâm Junction	planned

The plan also includes 3 lines of tramway and monorail:

Line description	Length	Stations	Route	Note
Tramway 1	12.8 km	6	Ba Son (Line 1) - Võ Văn Kiệt - Lý Chiêu Hoàng - Current Western Bus Station (Bến xe Miền Tây)	planned Option to extend to Bình Quới
Monorail 2	27.2 km	?	National Highway 50 - Xuân Thuỷ (District 2) - Bình Quới	planned
Monorail 3	16.5 km	?	Junction Nguyễn Oanh and Phan Văn Trị - Quang Trung Software City - Tân Chánh Hiệp Railway Station	planned

Trains

Line 1 will have 17 trains supplied by Hitachi. Each train consists of 3 cars, holding up to 930 people in total (147 seated and 789 standing passengers). Each trainset is Шаблон:Cvt long, operates at Шаблон:Cvt on standard-gauge elevated rail track and Шаблон:Cvt on underground rail track. They are powered by a 1.5kV DC overhead line.

See also

• Transport in Vietnam
• Hanoi Metro

Notes and references

References

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite web
• Шаблон:Cite web

External links

• Management Authority for Urban Railways
• An updated map of the future Saigon Metro
• Ho Chi Minh at UrbanRail.net