Английская Википедия:Isotopes of aluminium

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Aluminium or aluminum (₁₃Al) has 22 known isotopes from ²²Al to ⁴³Al and 4 known isomers. Only ²⁷Al (stable isotope) and ²⁶Al (radioactive isotope, t_1/2 = Шаблон:Val) occur naturally, however ²⁷Al comprises nearly all natural aluminium. Other than ²⁶Al, all radioisotopes have half-lives under 7 minutes, most under a second. The standard atomic weight is Шаблон:Val. ²⁶Al is produced from argon in the atmosphere by spallation caused by cosmic-ray protons. Aluminium isotopes have found practical application in dating marine sediments, manganese nodules, glacial ice, quartz in rock exposures, and meteorites. The ratio of ²⁶Al to ¹⁰Be has been used to study the role of sediment transport, deposition, and storage, as well as burial times, and erosion, on 10⁵ to 10⁶ year time scales.Шаблон:Citation needed ²⁶Al has also played a significant role in the study of meteorites.

List of isotopes

Шаблон:Isotopes table |- | rowspan=4|²²Al | rowspan=4 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=4 style="text-align:right" | 9 | rowspan=4|22.01954(43)# | rowspan=4|91.1(5) ms | β⁺, p (55%) | ²¹Na | rowspan=4|(4)+ | rowspan=4| | rowspan=4| |- | β⁺ (43.862%) | ²²Mg |- | β⁺, 2p (1.1%) | ²⁰Ne |- | β⁺, α (0.038%) | ¹⁸Ne |- | rowspan=2|²³Al | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 10 | rowspan=2|23.0072444(4) | rowspan=2|470(30) ms | β⁺ (99.54%) | ²³Mg | rowspan=2|5/2+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p (0.46%) | ²²Na |- | rowspan=3|²⁴Al | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 11 | rowspan=3|23.99994754(25) | rowspan=3|2.053(4) s | β⁺ (99.9634%) | ²⁴Mg | rowspan=3|4+ | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| |- | β⁺, α (.035%) | ²⁰Ne |- | β⁺, p (.0016%) | ²³Na |- | rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | ^24mAl | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 425.8(1) keV | rowspan=3|130(3) ms | IT (82.5%) | ²⁴Al | rowspan=3|1+ | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| |- | β⁺ (17.5%) | ²⁴Mg |- | β⁺, α (.028%) | ²⁰Ne |- | ²⁵Al | style="text-align:right" | 13 | style="text-align:right" | 12 | 24.99042831(7) | 7.183(12) s | β⁺ | ²⁵Mg | 5/2+ | | |- | rowspan=2 | ²⁶Al | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 | 25.98689186(7) | rowspan=2 | 7.17(24)×10⁵ y | β⁺ (85%) | rowspan=2| ²⁶Mg | rowspan=2| 5+ | rowspan=2| Trace | rowspan=2| |- | ε (15%) |- | style="text-indent:1em" | ^26mAl | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 228.306(13) keV | 6.3460(8) s | β⁺ | ²⁶Mg | 0+ | | |- | ²⁷Al | style="text-align:right" | 13 | style="text-align:right" | 14 | 26.98153841(5) | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|Stable | 5/2+ | 1.0000 | |- | ²⁸Al | style="text-align:right" | 13 | style="text-align:right" | 15 | 27.98191009(8) | 2.245(5) min | β⁻ | ²⁸Si | 3+ | | |- | ²⁹Al | style="text-align:right" | 13 | style="text-align:right" | 16 | 28.9804532(4) | 6.56(6) min | β⁻ | ²⁹Si | 5/2+ | | |- | ³⁰Al | style="text-align:right" | 13 | style="text-align:right" | 17 | 29.982968(3) | 3.62(6) s | β⁻ | ³⁰Si | 3+ | | |- | rowspan=2|³¹Al | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 18 | rowspan=2|30.9839498(24) | rowspan=2|644(25) ms | β⁻ (98.4%) | ³¹Si | rowspan=2|5/2(+) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (1.6%) | ³⁰Si |- | rowspan=2|³²Al | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 19 | rowspan=2|31.988084(8) | rowspan=2|33.0(2) ms | β⁻ (99.3%) | ³²Si | rowspan=2|1+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (.7%) | ³¹Si |- | style="text-indent:1em" | ^32mAl | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 955.7(4) keV | 200(20) ns | IT | ³²Al | (4+) | | |- | rowspan=2|³³Al | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 20 | rowspan=2|32.990878(8) | rowspan=2|41.7(2) ms | β⁻ (91.5%) | ³³Si | rowspan=2|5/2+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (8.5%) | ³²Si |- | rowspan=2|³⁴Al | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 21 | rowspan=2|33.996779(3) | rowspan=2|56.3(5) ms | β⁻ (74%) | ³⁴Si | rowspan=2|(4−) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (26%) | ³³Si |- | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^34mAl | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 550(100)# keV | rowspan=2|26(1) ms | β⁻ (70%) | ³⁴Si | rowspan=2|(1+) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (30%) | ³³Si |- | rowspan=2|³⁵Al | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 22 | rowspan=2|34.999760(8) | rowspan=2|37.2(8) ms | β⁻ (62%) | ³⁵Si | rowspan=2|5/2+# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (38%) | ³⁴Si |- | rowspan=2|³⁶Al | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23 | rowspan=2|36.00639(16) | rowspan=2|90(40) ms | β⁻ (70%) | ³⁶Si | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (30%) | ³⁵Si |- | rowspan=2|³⁷Al | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 24 | rowspan=2|37.01053(19) | rowspan=2|11.5(4) ms | β⁻ (71%) | ³⁷Si | rowspan=2|5/2+# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (29%) | ³⁶Si |- | ³⁸Al | style="text-align:right" | 13 | style="text-align:right" | 25 | 38.0174(4) | 9.0(7) ms | β⁻ | ³⁸Si | | | |- | rowspan=2|³⁹Al | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 26 | rowspan=2|39.02217(43)# | rowspan=2|7.6(16) ms | β⁻, n (90%) | ³⁸Si | rowspan=2|5/2+# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻ (10%) | ³⁹Si |- | rowspan=3|⁴⁰Al | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 27 | rowspan=3|40.02962(43)# | rowspan=3|5.7(3 (stat), 2 (sys)) ms | β⁻, n (64%) | ³⁹Si | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| |- | β⁻, 2n (20%) | ³⁸Si |- | β⁻ (16%) | ⁴⁰Si |- | rowspan=3|⁴¹Al | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 13 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 28 | rowspan=3|41.03588(54)# | rowspan=3|3.5(8 (stat), 4 (sys)) ms | β⁻, n (86%) | ⁴⁰Si | rowspan=3|5/2+# | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| |- | β⁻, 2n (11%) | ³⁹Si |- | β⁻ (3%) | ⁴¹Si |- | ⁴²Al | style="text-align:right" | 13 | style="text-align:right" | 29 | 42.04305(64)# | 1# ms [>170 ns] | β⁻ | ⁴²Si | | | |- | ⁴³Al | style="text-align:right" | 13 | style="text-align:right" | 30 | 43.05048(86)# | 1# ms [>170 ns] | β⁻ | ⁴³Si | | | Шаблон:Isotopes table/footer

Aluminium-26

Файл:Al-26v2.png

The decay level scheme for ²⁶Al and ^26mAl to ²⁶Mg.

Cosmogenic aluminium-26 was first described in studies of the Moon and meteorites. Meteorite fragments, after departure from their parent bodies, are exposed to intense cosmic-ray bombardment during their travel through space, causing substantial ²⁶Al production. After falling to Earth, atmospheric shielding protects the meteorite fragments from further ²⁶Al production, and its decay can then be used to determine the meteorite's terrestrial age. Meteorite research has also shown that ²⁶Al was relatively abundant at the time of formation of our planetary system. Most meteoriticists believe that the energy released by the decay of ²⁶Al was responsible for the melting and differentiation of some asteroids after their formation 4.55 billion years ago.

External links

• Aluminum isotopes data from The Berkeley Laboratory Isotopes Project's