Английская Википедия:1076
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Year 1076 (MLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
- January 24 – Synod of Worms: Emperor Henry IV holds a synod in Worms (modern Germany). The assembly declares Pope Gregory VII deposed, and the bishops abandon their allegiance to him.
- February 22 – Gregory VII pronounces a sentence of excommunication against Henry IV at Rome. He is excluded from the Catholic Church, and all the bishops named by Henry are excommunicated.
- Summer – Dirk V, count of Holland, re-conquers West Frisia (modern Netherlands) from the Archdiocese of Utrecht. He besieges Bishop Conrad at the castle of IJsselmonde – taking him prisoner.
- October 8 – Demetrius Zvonimir is crowned as king of Croatia in Solin (near Split), in the Basilica of Saint Peter and Moses (known today as the Hollow Church) by a representative of Gregory VII.
- December 13 – Norman Conquest of Southern Italy: Italo-Norman forces under Robert Guiscard de Hauteville and Richard I of Capua, conquer the fortress city of Salerno – after a short siege.
- December 26 – Bolesław II (the Generous) is crowned as king of Poland by Archbishop Bogumił in the Gniezno Cathedral. Bolesław supports Gregory VII in his conflict against Henry IV.
England
- May 31 – Waltheof, one of the earls of an uprising against King William I (the Conqueror), is beheaded near Winchester (see Revolt of the Earls).
- The Trial of Penenden Heath is held, with an important ruling regarding land rights, subsequent to the Norman Conquest (approximate date).
- November 1 – In England, a frost begins that lasts until April 1077.[1]
Africa
- Koumbi Saleh, an important mercantile and political center of the Ghana Empire (modern Mauritania), is besieged by the Almoravids (approximate date).
Asia
- Vikramaditya VI deposes his older brother Someshvara II, and becomes king of the Western Chalukya Empire (modern India).
By topic
Literature
- Anselm of Aosta, an Italian Benedictine abbot, completes the Monologion (or Monoloque) at the request of his fellow monks.
Religion
- Demetrius Zvonimir donates the Benedictine monastery of St. Gregory in Vrana to Gregory VII.
Births
- June 1 – Mstislav I (the Great), Grand Prince of Kiev (d. 1132)
- Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi, Moorish scholar and judge (d. 1148)
- Fujiwara no Sadazane, Japanese calligrapher (d. 1120)
- Hualani, Hawaiian queen and regent (approximate date)
- Urban (or Gwrgan), bishop of Llandaff (d. 1134)
Deaths
- March 18 – Ermengarde of Anjou, duchess of Burgundy
- March 21 – Robert I (the Old), duke of Burgundy (b. 1011)
- April 18 – Beatrice of Bar, French duchess and regent
- April 28 – Sweyn II (Estridsson), king of Denmark
- May 8 – Nasr ibn Mahmud, Mirdasid emir of Aleppo
- May 26 – Ramon Berenguer I, count of Barcelona (b. 1023)
- May 31 – Waltheof, earl of Northumbria (executed)
- June 4 – Sancho IV, king of Pamplona (or Navarre)
- July 15 – Arnost (or Arnošt), bishop of Rochester
- Godfrey IV (the Hunchback), duke of Lower Lorraine
- Ramihrdus of Cambrai, French priest and martyr (or 1077)
- William Busac, English nobleman (jure uxoris) (b. 1020)
References
