Английская Википедия:1554
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Year 1554 (MDLIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
- January 5 – A great fire breaks out in Eindhoven, Netherlands.
- January 11 – A Spanish army is defeated by local Mapuche-Huilliches as it tries to cross Bueno River in Southern Chile.[1]
- January 12 – Bayinnaung is crowned king of the Burmese Taungoo Dynasty.
- January 25 – São Paulo, Brazil, is founded.[2]
- February 9 – Thomas Wyatt surrenders to government forces in London.[3]
- February 12 – After claiming the throne of England the previous year, Lady Jane Grey is beheaded for treason.
- March 18 – Princess Elizabeth is imprisoned in the Tower of London.
- April 12 – Mary of Guise becomes Regent of Scotland.
July–December
- July 23–25 – Queen Mary I of England marries King Philip of Naples, the only son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, in Winchester, England.[4]
- August 2 – Battle of Marciano: Senese–French forces are defeated by the Florentine–Imperial army.
- August 12 – Battle of Renty: French forces led by Francis, Duke of Guise turn back an invasion of Picardy, by Charles V.
- November – English captain John Lok voyages to the Guinea Coast.[5][6]
Date unknown
- Mikael Agricola becomes the bishop of Turku.
- Saadi conquers the Kingdom of Fez.
- Exact center year of Counter Reformation.
- The name of the beer brewed by New Belgium Brewing Company is based on a recipe from this date, called "1554."
- Luso-Chinese agreement: Portugal reaches an agreement with the Ming Dynasty of China, to be allowed to legally trade in the province of Guangdong.
- Rao Surjan Singh becomes ruler of Bundi.
Births
- January 1 – Louis III, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1593)
- January 9 – Pope Gregory XV (d. 1623)[7]
- January 20 – King Sebastian of Portugal (d. 1578)[8]
- February 8 – Marina de Escobar, Spanish nun (d. 1633)
- February 27 – Giovanni Battista Paggi, Italian painter (d. 1627)
- March – Richard Hooker, Anglican theologian (d. 1600)
- March 1 – William Stafford, English courtier and conspirator (d. 1612)
- March 18 – Josias I, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (1578-1588) (d. 1588)
- March 22 – Catherine de Parthenay, French noblewoman and mathematician (d. 1631)
- March 26 – Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne, French military leader (d. 1611)
- March 28 – Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich of Russia (d. 1581)
- March 30 – Paul Laurentius, German divine (d. 1624)
- April – Stephen Gosson, English satirist (d. 1624)
- April 15 – Simon VI, Count of Lippe, Count of Lippe-Detmold (1563-1613) (d. 1613)
- May 20 – Paolo Bellasio, Italian composer (d. 1594)
- June 3 – Pietro de' Medici, Italian noble (d. 1604)
- June 5 – Benedetto Giustiniani, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1621)
- June 21 – Joachim of Zollern, Titular Count of Hohenzollern (d. 1587)
- July 5 – Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France (d. 1592)
- October 1 – Leonardus Lessius, Jesuit theologian (d. 1623)
- October 3 – Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet (d. 1628)
- October 10 – Arnold III, Count of Bentheim-Steinfurt-Tecklenburg-Limburg and Lord of Rheda (d. 1606)
- October 20 – Bálint Balassi, Hungarian writer and noble (d. 1594)
- October 28 – Enevold Kruse, Danish noble (d. 1621)
- October 30 – Prospero Farinacci, Italian jurist (d. 1618)
- November 30 – Sir Philip Sidney, English courtier and poet (d. 1586)[9]
- December 17 – Ernest of Bavaria, Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1612)
- December 19 – Philip William, Prince of Orange (d. 1618)
- date unknown
- Jacques Bongars, French scholar and diplomat (d. 1612)
- James Lancaster, English navigator (d. 1618)
- Walter Raleigh, English writer, poet, and explorer (d. 1618)
- Francis Throckmorton, English conspirator (d. 1584)
Deaths
- January 2 – João Manuel, Prince of Portugal, Portuguese prince (b. 1537)[10]
- January 11 – Min Bin, king of Arakan (b. 1493)
- January 16
- Christiern Pedersen, Danish humanist (b. c. 1480)
- Ambrosius Moibanus, German theologian (b. 1494)
- February 12
- Lord Guildford Dudley, consort of Lady Jane Grey (executed) (b. 1536)[11]
- Lady Jane Grey, claimant to the throne of England (executed) (b. 1537)[12]
- February 21
- Hieronymus Bock, German botanist (b. 1498)
- Sibylle of Cleves, Electress consort of Saxony (b. 1512)
- February 23 – Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English politician (executed) (b. c.1515)
- March 3 – John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (b. 1503)
- April 11 – Thomas Wyatt the Younger, English rebel (executed) (b. 1521)
- April 23 – Gaspara Stampa, Italian poet (b. 1523)
- May 2 – William Waldegrave, English Member of Parliament (b. 1507)
- June 19
- Sixt Birck, German humanist (b. 1501)
- Philip II, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken, German noble (b. 1509)
- June 28 – Leone Strozzi, French Navy admiral (b. 1515)
- August 25 – Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, English politician (b. 1473)
- September 22 – Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, Spanish conquistador (b. c. 1510)
- December 22 – Alessandro Bonvicino, Italian painter (b. 1498)
- December – John Taylor, Bishop of Lincoln (b. 1503)
- approx. date – Susannah Hornebolt, English artist (b. 1503)
- date unknown
- Argula von Grumbach, German Protestant reformer (b. 1492)
- Leo Africanus, Andalusian Berber writer (b. 1485)
- Sebastiano Serlio, Italian architect (b. 1475)
- Sir Hugh Willoughby, English Arctic explorer
References
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